Protective Effect of Ergothioneine against Oxidative Stress-Induced Chondrocyte Death.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce oxidative stress in cells and are associated with various diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Ergothioneine (EGT) is a natural amino acid derivative derived from the ergot fungus and has been reported to exhibit an effective antioxidant function in many models of oxidative stress-related diseases. Recently, mutations in OCTN1, a membrane transporter of EGT, have been reported to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Orthodontic Treatment of a Patient With Non-Syndromic Oligodontia and a Skeletal Class Ⅲ Relationship: A Case Report and Six Years' Follow-Up.

Partial edentulism, characterized by the congenital absence of six or more permanent teeth (oligodontia), excluding the third molars, manifests with variable maxillofacial skeletal morphologies and occlusions, depending on the site and number of missing teeth, complicating treatment planning for occlusion and gain of function. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with seven non-syndromic congenitally missing permanent teeth (four in the maxillary and three in the mandibular dentition, excluding the third molars), who underwent orthodontic treatment, restorative procedures, and long-term follow-up for six years. The patient was an 18-year-old man presenting with a chief complaint of congenital absence of some permanent teeth and dental malalignment on the first visit.

High-frequency low-intensity semiconductor laser irradiation enhances osteogenic differentiation of human cementoblast lineage cells.

Purpose: Laser irradiation activates a range of cellular processes in the periodontal components and promotes tissue repair. However, its effect on osteogenic differentiation of human cementoblast lineage cells remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of high-frequency semiconductor laser irradiation on the osteogenic differentiation of human cementoblast lineage (HCEM) cells.

Surgical Orthodontic Treatment for Skeletal Maxillary Protrusion in Sturge-Weber Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is characterized by hemangiomas, glaucoma, and central nervous system disorders. Here, we report the case of a 15-year-old boy with SWS and upper-lip hypertrophy who underwent surgical orthodontic treatment for correction of a large overjet and deep overbite. In addition to the a large overjet and deep overbite, interdental spacing was observed in both the arches.

Maxillofacial Morphology as a Predictive Factor for Caries Risk in Orthodontic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the correlation between maxillofacial morphology and caries risk, assessed using salivary tests, in orthodontic patients. Despite enhancing the oral health-related quality of life, orthodontic treatment may adversely affect oral hygiene and increase caries risk. This study included 1071 patients all of whom underwent orthodontic examinations and salivary tests before starting orthodontic treatment at a hospital.

Comparison of Orthodontic Tooth Movement of Regenerated Bone Induced by Carbonated Hydroxyapatite or Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral in Beagle Dogs.

Orthodontic treatments often involve tooth movement to improve dental alignment. In this study, we aimed to compare tooth movement in regenerated bone induced by two different bone fillers, carbonated hydroxyapatite (CAP) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). Four beagle dogs were used in this comparative study.

Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth-based media in a rat root resorption model.

Objective: Root resorption may occur during orthodontic treatment. Herein, we investigated the effect of a culture supernatant of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth on root resorption.

Design: Twelve 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and their maxillary first molars were pulled with excessive orthodontic force to induce root resorption.

Effect of Er: YAG Laser Irradiation on Bone Metabolism-Related Factors Using Cultured Human Osteoblasts.

A variety of laser treatments have been applied in numerous medical fields. In dentistry, laser treatments are used for caries, root canals, and periodontal disease, as well as surgical resection. Numerous reports have recently been published on the use of lasers for bone regeneration.

High-frequency near-infrared semiconductor laser irradiation suppressed experimental tooth movement-induced inflammatory pain markers in the periodontal ligament tissues of rats.

High-frequency near-infrared (NIR) semiconductor laser-irradiation has an unclear effect on nociception in the compressed lateral periodontal ligament region, a peripheral nerve region. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NIR semiconductor laser irradiation, with a power of 120 J, on inflammatory pain markers and neuropeptides induced in the compressed lateral periodontal ligament area during ETM. A NIR semiconductor laser [910 nm wavelength, 45 W maximum output power, 300 mW average output power, 30 kHz frequency, and 200 ns pulse width (Lumix 2; Fisioline, Verduno, Italy)] was used.

Bone Differentiation Ability of CD146-Positive Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth.

Regenerative therapy for tissues by mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) transplantation has received much attention. The cluster of differentiation (CD)146 marker, a surface-antigen of stem cells, is crucial for angiogenic and osseous differentiation abilities. Bone regeneration is accelerated by the transplantation of CD146-positive deciduous dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells contained in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) into a living donor.

Effects of Human Deciduous Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium on the Metabolism of HUVECs, Osteoblasts, and BMSCs.

In this study, we assessed the effects of human deciduous dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (SHED-CM) on the properties of various cell types. The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in SHED-CM on the luminal architecture, proliferative ability, and angiogenic potential of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were determined. We also investigated the effects of SHED-CM on the proliferation of human-bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and mouse calvarial osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) as well as the expression of , , and .

The Influence of 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Materials on Orthodontic Friction and Attachment of Oral Bacteria.

There is no clinical evidence of the usage of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymers in dental practice. We performed in vitro studies to determine whether the application of an MPC coating to stainless steel orthodontic wires confers low-friction and antimicrobial properties to these wires. The friction test on MPC-coated wires was performed using a precision universal/tensile tester.

Combination of Carbonate Hydroxyapatite and Stem Cells from Human Deciduous Teeth Promotes Bone Regeneration by Enhancing BMP-2, VEGF and CD31 Expression in Immunodeficient Mice.

The objective of this study was to clarify the efficiency of a combination of stem cells from human deciduous teeth and carbonate apatite in bone regeneration of calvarial defects. Immunodeficient mice ( = 5 for each group/4 groups) with artificial calvarial bone defects (5 mm in diameter) were developed, and stem cells from human deciduous teeth (SHEDs) and carbonate hydroxyapatite (CAP) granules were transplanted with an atelocollagen sponge as a scaffold. A 3D analysis using microcomputed tomography, and 12 weeks after transplantation, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of markers of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cluster of differentiation (CD) 31 were performed.

Effects of high-frequency near infrared laser irradiation on experimental tooth movement-induced pain in rats.

Discomfort and dull pain are known side effects of orthodontic treatment. Pain is expected to be reduced by near-infrared (NIR) lasers; however, the mechanism underlying effects of short-pulse NIR lasers in the oral and maxillofacial area remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of high-frequency NIR diode laser irradiation on pain during experimental tooth movement (ETM) on 120 J.

Changes in airway patency and sleep-breathing in healthy skeletal Class II children undergoing functional activator therapy.

Purpose: Several studies agree that an abnormal maxilla-mandible relationship correlates better as an Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) predictor, rather than obesity. One of the orthodontic therapies recommended for this kind of craniofacial deformity is to advance the mandible forward with an orthodontic activator, therefore, the aim of this study is to determine if healthy children that use this appliance experience a widening of the upper airway as well as an improvement in their sleep-breathing patterns.

Materials And Methods: 39 healthy children, 20 for activator group (10 boys and 10 girls, 4 mean age 10.

Characteristics of the Maxillofacial Morphology in Patients with Idiopathic Mandibular Condylar Resorption.

Idiopathic mandibular condylar resorption (ICR) is a pathological condition characterized by idiopathic resorption of the mandibular condyle, resulting in a decrease in the size and height of the mandibular condyle. The purpose of this study was to characterize the maxillofacial morphology of ICR patients. Subjects were selected from patients that attended our orthodontic clinic between 1991 and 2019.

Impact of Maximum Tongue Pressure in Patients with Jaw Deformities Who Underwent Orthognathic Surgery.

Malocclusion and morphological abnormalities of the jawbone often affect the stomatognathic function and long-term postoperative stability in patients with jaw deformities. There are few reports on the effect of maximum tongue pressure (MTP) in these patients. We investigated the relationship between the MTP and jawbone morphology and the effect of the MTP on surgery in 42 patients with jaw deformity who underwent surgical orthodontic treatment at Hiroshima University Hospital.

Effects of baicalin on the proliferation and expression of OPG and RANKL in human cementoblast-lineage cells.

Background/purpose: Baicalin, a natural bioactive flavonoid extracted from Georgi, mediates bone metabolism, and recent studies have revealed that it has cell signaling properties. However, its biological functions in cementoblasts still remain unclear. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin on bone resorption markers, including osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL), in human cementoblast-lineage cells, as well as their proliferation ability.

Effect of CD146 SHED on bone regeneration in a mouse calvaria defect model.

Objective: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have bone regeneration ability and potential therapeutic applications. CD146, a cell adhesion protein expressed by vascular endothelial cells, is involved in osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells. The effect of CD146 on SHED-mediated bone regeneration in vivo remains unknown.

High-frequency near-infrared diode laser irradiation suppresses IL-1β-induced inflammatory cytokine expression and NF-κB signaling pathways in human primary chondrocytes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are common inflammation-associated cartilage degenerative diseases. Recent studies have shown that low-level diode laser treatment can reduce inflammatory cytokine expressions in cartilage. We recently reported that high-frequency low-level diode laser irradiation attenuates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in human primary chondrocytes.

Surveillance of salivary properties of pre-orthodontic patients in relation to age and sex.

Saliva plays an important role in masticatory function and protection from dental caries. Although studies have been conducted on saliva properties, their results vary widely depending on population settings. Hence, this study was performed to evaluate the results of saliva properties in individuals who attended their first visit for orthodontic treatment.

Masticatory Function Assessment of Adult Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate After Orthodontic Treatment.

Objective: To determine whether orthodontically treated patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) possess a different masticatory function than those of untreated patients with normal occlusion.

Design: Occlusal contact area, occlusal force, as well as masseter and anterior temporal muscular activity were measured during maximum voluntary clenching (MVC) tests. Mandibular left and right lateral movements during mastication were also assessed.

Protrudin and PDZD8 contribute to neuronal integrity by promoting lipid extraction required for endosome maturation.

Endosome maturation depends on membrane contact sites (MCSs) formed between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and endolysosomes (LyLEs). The mechanism underlying lipid supply for this process and its pathophysiological relevance remains unclear, however. Here, we identify PDZD8-the mammalian ortholog of a yeast ERMES subunit-as a protein that interacts with protrudin, which is located at ER-LyLE MCSs.

Examination of the effect of combined use of Er:YAG laser irradiation and mechanical force loading on bone metabolism using primary human gingival fibroblasts.

Prolonged treatment and painful tooth movement are major problems for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Accelerating the movement of teeth leads to shortening of the treatment period, so various studies on the movement of teeth have been conducted in the field of orthodontics. In previous studies, we performed a fiber incision-like fiberotomy using an Er:YAG laser in rats and confirmed acceleration of tooth movement.