Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) remineralization of artificial and natural dentin carious lesions evaluated by nanoindentation and microcomputed tomography.

Objectives: The study evaluates the efficacy to remineralize artificial and natural dentin lesions through restorative dental procedures that include the Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) method comprising polyaspartic acid (pAsp).

Methods: Novel ionomeric cement compositions based on bioglass 45S5 and pAsp mixtures, as well as conditioning solutions (conditioner) containing 5 mg/mL pAsp, were developed and tested on demineralized dentin blocks (3-4 mm thick) on shallow and deep lesions with the thickness of 140 μm ± 50 and 700 μm ± 50, respectively. In the first treatment group, 20 μL of conditioner was applied to demineralized shallow (n = 3) and deep (n = 3) lesion specimens for 20 s before restoration with glass ionomer cement (RMGIC).

Enhanced silver diamine fluoride therapy using the PILP method -A nanoindentation study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying the polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) method to enhance silver diamine fluoride (SDF) therapy. One hundred forty micrometer deep artificial caries lesions were treated with (A) 38% SDF solution and (B) 38% SDF containing poly-L-aspartic acid (pASP). Changes in the nanomechanical profile across the lesion were evaluated.

Integrating the PILP-mineralization process into a restorative dental treatment.

Unlabelled: The addition of charged polymers, like poly-aspartic acid (pAsp), to mineralizing solutions allows for transport of calcium and phosphate ions into the lumen of collagen fibrils and subsequent crystallization of oriented apatite crystals by the so-called Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) mineralization process, leading to the functional recovery of artificial dentin lesions by intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of applying the PILP method as part of a restorative treatment and test for effectiveness to functionally remineralize artificial lesions in dentin.

Materials And Methods: Two methods of providing pAsp to standardized artificial lesions during a restorative procedure were applied: (A) pAsp was mixed into commercial RMGI (resin modified glass ionomer) cement formulations and (B) pAsp was added at high concentration (25mg/ml) in solution to rehydrate lesions before restoring with a RMGI cement.

Using biomimetic polymers in place of noncollagenous proteins to achieve functional remineralization of dentin tissues.

In calcified tissues such as bones and teeth, mineralization is regulated by an extracellular matrix, which includes non-collagenous proteins (NCP). This natural process has been adapted or mimicked to restore tissues following physical damage or demineralization by using polyanionic acids in place of NCPs, but the remineralized tissues fail to fully recover their mechanical properties. Here we show that pre-treatment with certain amphiphilic peptoids, a class of peptide-like polymers consisting of N-substituted glycines that have defined monomer sequences, enhances ordering and mineralization of collagen and induces functional remineralization of dentin lesions .

The role of protease inhibitors on the remineralization of demineralized dentin using the PILP method.

Mineralized and sound dentin matrices contain inactive preforms of proteolytic enzymes that may be activated during the demineralization cycle. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that protease inhibitors (PI) preserve demineralized collagen fibrils and other constituents of the dentin matrix and thereby affect the potential for remineralization. Artificial carious lesions with lesion depths of 140 μm were created with acetate buffer (pH = 5.

Strontium effects on root dentin tubule occlusion and nanomechanical properties.

Objectives: Dentin hypersensitivity often is treated by promotion of dentin tubule occlusion. In this in vitro study we evaluated nanomechanical properties and degree of tubule occlusion conferred to sound and demineralized human root dentin following treatment with a 10% (w/w) strontium acetate solution and its relation to the treatment duration and delivery method.

Methods: 24 human cervical root dentin disks (8 groups of 3) were polished through 0.

In vitro evaluation of adhesive characteristics of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin with organic filler.

Objectives: A commercial restorative material, BondfillSB (BF), is a modification of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin cement. BF uses a self-etching primer and added pre-polymerized organic fillers. We compared BF with another self-etching system, EasyBond (EB), in shear bond strength, bonded interface characteristics to human dentin and contraction gap when used in bulk-filling.

Effect of sterilization by gamma radiation on nano-mechanical properties of teeth.

Objectives: Extracted teeth used in dental research need to be considered infective and hence be sterilized without the materials' properties being altered. This study examined the effect of gamma radiation on the nano-mechanical properties of dentin and enamel of extracted human third molars.

Methods: Whole teeth were sterilized using gamma radiation doses of 7 kGy and 35 kGy, respectively; teeth of the control group were not treated with gamma radiation.

Elevated TGF-beta2 signaling in dentin results in sex related enamel defects.

Unlabelled: Initiation of enamel formation requires reciprocal signaling between epithelially and mesenchymally derived cells.

Objective: In this study, we used a transgenic mouse model which drives overexpression of an activated form of TGF-beta2 under control of the osteocalcin promoter, to investigate the role of TGF-beta2 in the dental mesenchyme, on enamel formation.

Design: Dentin and enamel were imaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).