Carotid Artery Stenting for Carotid Arterial Fibromuscular Dysplasia Evaluated Vascular Wall Structure Using Optical Coherence Tomography: A Case Report.

Objective: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is often diagnosed based on angiography. However, it is difficult to distinguish from vasculitis by angiography. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the detailed intravascular findings of lesions in FMD using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Clinical features and surgical management of intracranial meningiomas in the elderly.

Meningioma accounts for ~25% of all primary intracranial neoplasms and the incidence increases with age. Prvios population-based studies demonstrated that the annual incidence of intracranial meningiomas was 1.2-3.

5-Aminolevulinic acid enhances mitochondrial stress upon ionizing irradiation exposure and increases delayed production of reactive oxygen species and cell death in glioma cells.

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) can accumulate protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in tumour cell mitochondria and is well known for its utility in fluorescence-guided resection of malignant gliomas as a live molecular marker. Previously, we and other authors demonstrated that 5-ALA has a radiosensitizing effect for tumours. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the radiosensitizing effect of 5-ALA by focusing on glioma cell mitochondria.

Pilocytic astrocytoma presenting with atypical features on magnetic resonance imaging.

Pilocytic astrocytoma, which is classified as a grade I astrocytic tumor by the World Health Organization, is the most common type of glioma in children and young adults. Pilocytic astrocytoma generally appears as a well-circumscribed, contrast-enhancing lesion, frequently with cystic components on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, it has been reported that the MRI appearance of pilocytic astrocytoma may be similar to that of high-grade gliomas in some cases.

5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX with multi-dose ionizing irradiation enhances host antitumor response and strongly inhibits tumor growth in experimental glioma in vivo.

Ionizing irradiation is a well‑established therapeutic modality for malignant gliomas. Due to its high cellular uptake, 5‑aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is used for fluorescence‑guided resection of malignant gliomas. We have previously shown that 5‑ALA sensitizes glioma cells to irradiation in vitro.

5-Aminolevulinic acid strongly enhances delayed intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ionizing irradiation: quantitative analyses and visualization of intracellular ROS production in glioma cells in vitro.

Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy has important roles in multimodal treatment for highly aggressive malignant gliomas. Previously, we demonstrated that multi-dose ionizing irradiation with repetitive administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) enhanced the host antitumor response and strongly inhibited tumor growth in experimental glioma. However, the mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect of 5-ALA is not known.

Sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma presenting with intramedullary spinal cord metastasis: a case report and literature review.

Study Design Case report. Objective Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an uncommon tumor of the pleural epithelium with a predilection for local spread into adjacent tissues. The sarcomatoid type accounts for ∼10% of MM cases and is associated with poorer survival than the epithelioid, desmoplastic, and biphasic types.

Intratumoral hemorrhage because of primary spinal mixed germ cell tumor presenting with atypical radiological features in an adult.

Background Context: Germ cell tumors are known to arise in the central nervous system, usually in the intracranial regions. However, primary spinal mixed germ cell tumors are extremely rare.

Purpose: This is the first reported case of intratumoral hemorrhage because of a primary spinal mixed germ cell tumor consisting of germinoma and immature teratoma in the conus medullaris of an adult patient that presented with rapid changes on magnetic resonance image (MRI).

Spontaneous hemorrhage from orbital cavernous hemangioma resulting in sudden onset of ophthalmopathy in an adult--case report.

A 61-year-old woman presented with a very rare case of spontaneous bleeding from an orbital cavernous hemangioma manifesting as sudden onset of ophthalmic pain, proptosis, diplopia, and nausea. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) revealed an intraconal, well-demarcated cystic mass with hemorrhage. The mass was immediately removed through a transcranial approach.

Surgical treatment for a ruptured true posterior communicating artery aneurysm arising on the fetal-type posterior communicating artery--two case reports and review of the literature.

Only a small number of aneurysms arising on the posterior communicating artery itself (true Pcom aneurysm) have been reported. We report two cases of ruptured true Pcom aneurysms with some characteristic features of true Pcom aneurysm. A 43 year old man suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) had an aneurysm arising on the fetal-type Pcom artery itself, and underwent surgery for clipping.

Preoperative radiological evaluation and surgical strategy for the preservation of visual acuity in patients with skull base meningiomas--two case reports.

Two women aged 48 and 73 years, respectively, presented with unilateral visual disturbance. On admission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an extraaxial mass in the parasellar region. Contrast-enhanced fast imaging with steady-state acquisition (CE-FIESTA) showed that the optic nerves were compressed and encased by the tumors.