A comparative evaluation of the kefir yeast A4 and sulfasalazine in ulcerative colitis: anti-inflammatory impact and gut microbiota modulation.

Although only has been studied for ulcerative colitis (UC), probiotic yeasts have immense therapeutic potential. Herein, we evaluated the kefir yeast A4 (Km A4) and its anti-inflammatory effect with sulfasalazine in BALB/c mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Oral administration continued for 7 days after the mice were randomly divided into seven groups: control (CON, normal mice administered with saline), DSS-induced colitis mice administered saline (DSS), and DSS-induced colitis mice administered sulfasalazine only (S), Km A4 only (A4), Km A4 plus sulfasalazine (A4 + S), .

Effect of Cucumis melo L. peel extract supplemented postbiotics on reprograming gut microbiota and sarcopenia in hindlimb-immobilized mice.

Postbiotics made from lactic acid bacteria may ameliorate sarcopenia via the metabolic reprogramming of gut dysbiosis. This study investigated the anti-sarcopenic effect of postbiotics (WDK) produced from polyphenol-rich melon peel extract (Cucumis melo L. var.

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Enterococcus isolates using MALDI-TOF MS and VITEK 2.

The bacterial genus Enterococcus encompasses 38 species. Two of the most common species are E. faecalis and E.

Gold Nanoparticle and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Colorimetric Assay for the Identification of spp. in Chicken Carcass.

Campylobacteriosis is a common cause of gastrointestinal disease. In this study, we suggest a general strategy of applying gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in colorimetric biosensors to detect in chicken carcass. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized for the amplification of the target genes, and the thiolated PCR products were collected.

Effect of postbiotics derived from kefir lactic acid bacteria-mediated bioconversion of citrus pomace extract and whey on high-fat diet-induced obesity and gut dysbiosis.

The objective of this study was to develop a highly bioactive postbiotic for weight management by bioconversion of whey (WHE) and polyphenol-rich citrus pomace extract (CPX) using kefir lactic acid bacteria (LAB). WHE and CPX bioconverted by kefir LAB (CPB) were fed to C57BL/6J mice on high-fat diets for five weeks and compared with oral administrations of saline (CON), WHE, CPX, and kefir LAB. Hesperetin, a potential therapeutic agent for obesity, was increased in the CPB after bioconversion from an inactive precursor.

Characterization of Strains Originating from Plant-Origin Foods Using Comparative Genomic Analyses and Zebrafish Infectivity Studies.

continues to be isolated from ready-to-eat fresh and frozen produce, flours, dairy powders, cereals, nuts, and spices, in addition to the conventional sources of powdered infant formulae (PIF) and PIF production environments. To understand the sequence diversity, phylogenetic relationship, and virulence of originating from plant-origin foods, comparative molecular and genomic analyses, and zebrafish infection (ZI) studies were applied to 88 strains. Whole genome sequences of the strains were generated for detailed bioinformatic analysis.

Effects of kefir lactic acid bacteria-derived postbiotic components on high fat diet-induced gut microbiota and obesity.

Cellular components, surface layer protein (SLP) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) of postbiotic lactic bacteria (PLAB) can rehabilitate high-fat diet-induced dysbiosis and obese characteristic gut microbiome. However, it is not clear whether and how PLAB components affect gut microbiota and specifically adipocyte gene expression. Furthermore, SLP and EPS of PLAB in combination with polyphenolics of prebiotic wine grape seed flour (GSF) may have greater benefit on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and gut microbiota imbalance.

Isolation and Characterization of Halophilic Strains from Cheese Brine.

can survive in extreme environments and cause infections, including catheter-related bacteremia, in humans. Here, we investigated and evaluated the characteristics of nine strains (KS1-KS9) isolated from cheese brine from a farmstead cheese-manufacturing plant in Korea from June to December, 2020. American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 29213 was used as a positive control in the growth curve analysis and biofilm-formation assays.

Survivability of Isolated From Korean Kefir in a Simulated Gastrointestinal Environment.

accounts for > 90% of the yeast population of kefir, and recently, its probiotic potential has been actively explored with a focus on its health benefits and safety. Herein, the survivability of five kefir-isolated strains (Km A1-A5) in a simulated gastrointestinal (GI) environment was evaluated and compared with those of commercial probiotic yeast, MYA-796. To further explore the potential to survive in the host GI tract, biochemical activities, hydrophobicity assay, biofilm formation, auto-aggregation analysis, and phenol tolerance of the strains were assessed.

Phylogenetic Comparison and Characterization of an -Harboring Complete Plasmid Genome Isolated from Enterobacteriaceae.

Global dissemination of mobilized colistin resistance ()-carrying plasmids has been reported. This study aimed to investigate the global dissemination of these plasmids using whole genome sequencing to provide better understanding on genetic characteristics. Sixty-seven complete plasmid genomes harboring were obtained.

A Combined In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of the Safety of the Yeast Strains Kluyveromyces marxianus A4 and A5 Isolated from Korean Kefir.

Kefir is a traditional fermented milk containing beneficial bacteria and yeasts. Despite Kluyveromyces marxianus, isolated from kefir, gaining increasing attention as a potential probiotic yeast owing to its biological function, Saccharomyces boulardii is the only species considered as a probiotic yeast. We evaluated the safety of K.

Properties of broiler breast meat with pale color and a new approach for evaluating meat freshness in poultry processing plants.

The current trend in monitoring meat quality is to move the quality measurements from the laboratory to the processing line. To provide better meat quality control in the commercial poultry processing plants, we evaluated the quality of broiler breast meat samples, observing different colors, and assessed their freshness using a Torrymeter. Different colors were classified based on the mean ± standard deviation of lightness (L*) values in 1,499 broiler breast fillets: Dark (L* < 56), normal (56 ≤ L* ≤ 62), and pale (L* > 62).

Effect of Surface Layer Proteins Derived from Paraprobiotic Kefir Lactic Acid Bacteria on Inflammation and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity.

The antiobesity action of nonviable probiotic lactic acid bacteria (PLAB) may be attributed to bacterial cellular components recognized by host cells. The anti-inflammation and antiobesity properties of surface layer proteins (SLPs) that are cellular components isolated from kefir PLAB were determined in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and obese mice.

Prevalence, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of from Raw Beef and Slaughterhouse Environments in Korea.

The prevalence of in raw beef and in slaughterhouse environments was investigated from April 2019 to February 2020. Three hundred raw beef samples were purchased from 50 retailers and 10 restaurants (5 samples per source). One hundred and thirty-four samples from slaughterhouse environments were collected by swabbing (10 × 10 cm) the surfaces, gloves, splitting saw, and drains.

Detection of Campylobacter jejuni from Fresh Produce: Comparison of Culture- and PCR-based Techniques, and Metagenomic Approach for Analyses of the Microbiome before and after Enrichment.

Abstract: In this study, we compared the efficiency of culture-based methods with or without membrane filtration, real-time PCR, and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) for the detection of Campylobacter in fresh produce. Alfalfa sprouts, clover sprouts, coleslaw, and lettuce salad spiked with Campylobacter jejuni were enriched in Bolton broth for 48 h, and enrichment cultures were either directly inoculated onto modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar or applied on membrane filters placed on the surface of plating media. In parallel, 2-mL Bolton broth cultures were taken to extract DNA for real-time PCR and ddPCR assays and bacterial community analysis.

Evaluation of Ceftazidime as an Antibiotic Supplement in Mannitol-Yolk-Polymyxin B Agar Used for Enumeration of Bacillus cereus in Ready-to-Eat Vegetables.

Abstract: The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria, which causes foodborne diseases, can be detected by culture on selective media. However, the presence of competing flora is the most common factor preventing the accurate enumeration of B. cereus on selective agars.

Characterization of a novel bacteriophage φCJ22 and its prophylactic and inhibitory effects on necrotic enteritis and Clostridium perfringens in broilers.

High necrotic enteritis (NE) incidence and mortality rates in poultry can be caused by Clostridium perfringens (CP) coinfected with Eimeria spp., a causative agent of coccidiosis. Banning of prophylactic use of antibiotics in feed has been accompanied by increased NE outbreaks, resulting in economically devastating losses to the broiler industry.

Synergistic effects of the early administration of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens DN1 and Kluyveromyces marxianus KU140723-05 on the inhibition of Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in young chickens.

In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens DN1 (LKF_DN1) and the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus KU140723-05 (KMA5), recently isolated from kefir, as probiotics. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of early administration of these 2 microbes on the inhibition of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) colonization in neonatal chicks. We also examined the effects of exposure of chicks to probiotics before SE exposure on the reduction in the number of gut SE.

Influence of sodium reduction and storage temperature on the growth of total microbes and in naturally contaminated hamburger patty and loaf bread.

This study aimed to investigate the influence of sodium reduction and storage temperature on the growth of total microbes and in naturally contaminated hamburger patty and loaf bread, respectively. The sodium reduction rate of hamburger patty and loaf bread was 20% and 30%, respectively, and experimental samples were kept at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C for 60 h. The microbiological analysis included the colony count of total microbes and The water activity (Aw), titratable acidity (TA), and pH were assessed as factors that inhibit microbial growth.

Synergistic Effects of Heat-Killed Kefir Paraprobiotics and Flavonoid-Rich Prebiotics on Western Diet-Induced Obesity.

The synergistic anti-obesity effect of paraprobiotic heat-killed lactic acid bacteria (HLAB) and prebiotics has not been studied. To determine the anti-obesity properties of prebiotic polyphenol-rich wine grape seed flour (GSF) and paraprobiotic HLAB, C57BL/6J mice were administered a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFrD) with 5% microcrystalline cellulose (CON), HFFrD supplemented with 2.5% GSF, HFFrD with orally administered HLAB, or HFFrD with a combination of GSF and orally administered HLAB (GSF+HLAB) for 8 weeks.

Development of a selective media for detecting spp. in chicken carcasses using avibactam supplemented mCCDA.

spp. are major causes of gastrointestinal infections worldwide, and are commonly identified using modified-charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA). However, the efficacy of this screening technique is often hindered by overgrowth of competing flora, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing .

Prevalence, toxin-typing, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens from retail meats in Seoul, Korea.

Clostridium perfringens is a ubiquitous, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. It can contaminate many types of retail meat products and cause food poisoning by producing enterotoxins in the small intestines of humans and domestic animals. We investigated the prevalence, toxin-encoding gene profile, and antimicrobial resistance of C.

Effect of folic acid supplementation on proliferation and apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cells.

Folic acid (FA) is known to be an important micronutrient in humans; however, information regarding the effect of FA supplementation on bovine mammary epithelial (BME) cells is insufficient. FA supplementation is reported to increase milk production in dairy cows, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. This study examined the effects of FA supplementation on the proliferation and apoptosis of a BME cell line (MAC-T).