Goldfish phenomics reveals commonalities and a lack of universality in the domestication process for ornamentation.

Domestication process effects are manifold, affecting genotype and phenotype, and assumed to be universal in animals by part of the scientific community. While mammals and birds have been thoroughly investigated, from taming to intensive selective breeding, fish domestication remains comparatively unstudied. The most widely bred and traded ornamental fish species worldwide, the goldfish, underwent the effect of long-term artificial selection on differing skeletal and soft tissue modules through ornamental domestication.

Impact of NHI copayment adjustments on healthcare seeking behavior: the mediating role of health facility identification.

Objective: This study investigates the impact of healthcare consumers' involvement, price perception, and attitude toward National Health Insurance (NHI) copayment adjustments on their healthcare-seeking behavior, focusing on the mediating role of health facility identification.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among outpatient customers in Taiwan from October 2023 to March 2024, resulting in 746 valid responses. The survey included demographic variables, involvement, price perception, attitude, health facility identification, and healthcare-seeking behavior.

Empirical Study on the Usage of Telemedicine by Rural and Urban Health Care Consumers in Taiwan: Integrating the Perspectives of Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behavior.

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease-19 posed significant challenges globally, impacting various sectors and health care systems profoundly. In response, telemedicine has emerged as a vital solution to address health care demands and resource shortages. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research on telemedicine usage among health care consumers in urban and rural areas of Taiwan.

Exploring Telemedicine Usage Intention Using Technology Acceptance Model and Social Capital Theory.

Telemedicine technology has emerged as a pivotal solution to enhance the accessibility and efficiency of healthcare services. This study investigates the factors influencing the acceptance of telemedicine technology among healthcare professionals in Taiwan. Employing a quantitative research approach, we utilized a survey instrument adapted from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model.

Cardiac autonomic regulation following a 246-km mountain ultra-marathon: An observational study.

Physical exercise requires integrated autonomic and cardiovascular adjustments to maintain homeostasis. We aimed to observe acute posture-related changes in blood pressure, and apply a portable noninvasive monitor to measure the heart index for detecting arrhythmia among elite participants of a 246-km mountain ultra-marathon. Nine experienced ultra-marathoners (8 males and 1 female) participating in the Run Across Taiwan Ultra-marathon in 2018 were enrolled.

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Following Lumbar Puncture.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare and potentially fatal condition. It is believed to be one of the rare complications of lumbar puncture (LP), however other causes and risk factors should be considered and ruled out. Diagnosis can be challenging after an LP as it can mimic low pressure or post dural puncture.

Empirical Study on Hospitalist System: A Value Creation Perspective.

This study investigates the impact of hospitalist system awareness, motivation, and behavior on value creation within the healthcare context of Taiwan. As population aging and the prevalence of chronic diseases continue to rise, accompanied by increased medical resource consumption, the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare introduced the hospitalist system. Despite its implementation, the number of participating hospitals remains low.

An optimization model for reducing thrombectomy center rotations while maintaining medical accessibility.

Background/purpose: This study addresses the delicate balance between healthcare personnel burnout and medical accessibility in the context of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) services in urban areas. We aimed to determine the minimum number of hospitals providing EVT on rotation each day without compromising patient access.

Methods: Employing an optimization model, we developed shift schedules based on patient coverage rates and volumes during the pre-pandemic (2016-2018) and pandemic (2019-2021) periods.

An Arrhythmia classification approach via deep learning using single-lead ECG without QRS wave detection.

Arrhythmia, a frequently encountered and life-threatening cardiac disorder, can manifest as a transient or isolated event. Traditional automatic arrhythmia detection methods have predominantly relied on QRS-wave signal detection. Contemporary research has focused on the utilization of wearable devices for continuous monitoring of heart rates and rhythms through single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), which holds the potential to promptly detect arrhythmias.

Strategies for enhancing the representation of women in clinical trials: an evidence map.

Background: Equitable sex- and gender-based representation in clinical trials is an essential step to ensuring evidence-based care for women. While multi-institutional actions have led to significant improvements in the inclusion of women in trials, inequity persists in areas like sex-neutral cancers and cardiovascular disease. We sought to identify strategies described or evaluated to boost the inclusion of women in clinical trials.

The factors of perceived disease knowledge and self-care behavior in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study.

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) is an important public health issue worldwide, and diabetes mellitus is the main cause of CKD. Having sufficient disease knowledge and good self-care behavior both help to prevent the progression of diabetes mellitus and CKD. This cross-sectional study enrolled 181 type 2 diabetic patients with CKD from July 2017 to October 2017.

The use of Lentilactobacillus buchneri PJB1 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTD1 on the ensiling of whole-plant corn silage, snaplage, and high-moisture corn.

Experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period to evaluate the effects of bacterial inoculants on the fermentation profile and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage (WPC), snaplage (SNA), and high-moisture corn (HMC). Whole-plant corn was inoculated with Lentilactobacillus buchneri PJB1 in combination with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTD1 or with Lpb. plantarum alone (experiments 1 and 2).

Shared decision-making for renal replacement treatment and illness perception in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Background: Current healthcare trends emphasize the use of shared decision-making (SDM) for renal replacement treatment (RRT) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This is crucial to understand the relationship between SDM and illness perception of CKD patients. Few studies have focused on SDM and illness perception status of CKD patients and the impact of illness perception on RRT after SDM.

Fall Recognition Based on an IMU Wearable Device and Fall Verification through a Smart Speaker and the IoT.

A fall is one of the most devastating events that aging people can experience. Fall-related physical injuries, hospital admission, or even mortality among the elderly are all critical health issues. As the population continues to age worldwide, there is an imperative need to develop fall detection systems.

Modeling human skeletal development using human pluripotent stem cells.

Chondrocytes and osteoblasts differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will provide insights into skeletal development and genetic skeletal disorders and will generate cells for regenerative medicine applications. Here, we describe a method that directs iPSC-derived sclerotome to chondroprogenitors in 3D pellet culture then to articular chondrocytes or, alternatively, along the growth plate cartilage pathway to become hypertrophic chondrocytes that can transition to osteoblasts. Osteogenic organoids deposit and mineralize a collagen I extracellular matrix (ECM), mirroring in vivo endochondral bone formation.

PI5P4Kα supports prostate cancer metabolism and exposes a survival vulnerability during androgen receptor inhibition.

Phosphatidylinositol (PI)regulating enzymes are frequently altered in cancer and have become a focus for drug development. Here, we explore the phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4K), a family of lipid kinases that regulate pools of intracellular PI, and demonstrate that the PI5P4Kα isoform influences androgen receptor (AR) signaling, which supports prostate cancer (PCa) cell survival. The regulation of PI becomes increasingly important in the setting of metabolic stress adaptation of PCa during androgen deprivation (AD), as we show that AD influences PI abundance and enhances intracellular pools of PI-4,5-P.

Short and long-term phytoremediation capacity of aquatic plants in Cu-polluted environments.

Freshwater ecosystems face numerous threats from human populations, including heavy metal contamination. Phytoremediation, the use of plants to remediate contaminated soils and sediments, is an effective and low-cost means of removing chemical contaminants, including heavy metals, from polluted environments. However, key questions remain unanswered in the application of this technology in aquatic environments, such as the long-term fate of pollutants following plant uptake.

The effect of carbamazepine on bone structure and strength in control and osteogenesis imperfecta (Col1a2 ) mice.

The inherited brittle bone disease osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is commonly caused by COL1A1 and COL1A2 mutations that disrupt the collagen I triple helix. This causes intracellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of the misfolded collagen and can result in a pathological ER stress response. A therapeutic approach to reduce this toxic mutant load could be to stimulate mutant collagen degradation by manipulating autophagy and/or ER-associated degradation.

Application of 3-nitrooxypropanol and canola oil to mitigate enteric methane emissions of beef cattle results in distinctly different effects on the rumen microbial community.

Background: The major greenhouse gas from ruminants is enteric methane (CH) which in 2010, was estimated at 2.1 Gt of CO equivalent, accounting for 4.3% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

Effect of dry matter content on the microbial community and on the effectiveness of a microbial inoculant to improve the aerobic stability of corn silage.

Silage inoculants are commonly used as a tool to improve the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage fed to dairy cows. However, their effectiveness can be inconsistent. Our objective was to determine the effect of the dry matter (DM) content of freshly chopped whole-plant corn on its microbial community as affected by an inoculant containing Lentilactobacillus hilgardii, Lentilactobacillus buchneri, and Pediococcus pentosaceus on improving the aerobic stability of silage.

Swiss general internal medicine board examination: quantitative effects of publicly available and unavailable questions on question difficulty and test performance.

Background: Formerly, a substantial number of the 120 multiple-choice questions of the Swiss Society of General Internal Medicine (SSGIM) board examination were derived from publicly available MKSAP questions (Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Program®). The possibility to memorise publicly available questions may unduly influence the candidates' examination performance. Therefore, the examination board raised concerns that the examination did not meet the objective of evaluating the application of knowledge.

Risk of anxiety and depression in patients with lichen planus: A nationwide population-based study.

Background: This study aims to determine the risk of developing anxiety and/or depression among patients with lichen planus.

Methods: Based on the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database of Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, a total of 4012 patients with lichen planus and 16,048 matched controls (1:4) were enrolled between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015. After controlling for the risk variables, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression and the log-rank test with Kaplan-Meier method were performed to assess the influence of anxiety/depression among individuals with lichen planus under a maximum follow-up period of 16 years.

Risk of depression in patients with oral cancer: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.

This study investigates an association between oral cancers and the risk of developing depression. We conducted a total of 3031 patients with newly diagnosed oral cancers and 9093 age-, sex-, and index year-matched controls (1:3) from 2000 to 2013 were selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to compare the risk of depression over a 13-year follow-up.

Overbooking for physical examination considering late cancellation and set-resource relationship.

Background: Late cancellations of physical examination has severe impact on the operations of a physical examination center since it is often too late to fill vacancy. A booking control policy that considers overbooking is then one natural solution. Unlike appointment scheduling problems for clinics and hospitals, in which treating a patient mostly requires only one type of resource, a physical examination set typically requires multiple types of resources.