[Research Progress on Predictive Biomarkers of Immunotherapy Efficacy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, of which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the majority. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has greatly changed the treatment strategy of NSCLC and improved the prognosis of patients. However, in reality, only a small number of patients can achieve long-term benefit.

Impaired tryptophan metabolism by type 2 inflammation in epithelium worsening asthma.

Previous researches indicate that tryptophan metabolism is critical to allergic inflammation and that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), as a key enzyme, is known for its immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, we are aimed to explore whether tryptophan metabolism, especially IDO1, influences allergic asthma and clarify specific mechanism. With the analysis of clinical data, exploration in cell experiments, and verifying in HDM-induced asthma mice models, we finally found that in allergic asthma, low level of T1 cytokines along with high level of T2 cytokines inhibited the expression of IDO1 in airway epithelium, hampering the kynurenine pathway in tryptophan metabolism and decreasing the level of intracellular kynurenine (Kyn).

Sweat as a source of non-invasive biomarkers for clinical diagnosis: An overview.

Sweat has excellent potential as one of the sources of non-invasive biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. It is relatively easy to collect and process and may contain different disease-specific markers and drug metabolites, making it ideal for various clinical applications. This article discusses the anatomy of sweat glands and their role in sweat production, as well as the history and development of multiple sweat sample collection and analysis techniques.

Association between corticosteroid use and 28-day mortality in septic shock patients with gram-negative bacterial infection: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Although corticosteroids are recommended in the 2021 Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines, evidence with respect to their effects on short-term mortality remains conflicting. We conducted this study to identify whether corticosteroids alter 28-day mortality in septic shock patients with gram-negative bacterial infection.

Materials And Methods: A total of 621 patients with septic shock and gram-negative bacterial culture results were identified from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database.

Real-world study of PD-1/L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced non-small cell lung cancer after resistance to EGFR-TKIs.

Background: Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have achieved good efficacy and safety in patients with advanced EGFR mutation-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but their efficacy in patients with previous EGFR mutations is limited. The aim of the present study was to explore the efficacy of PD-1/L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC who are resistant to EGFR-TKIs.

Methods: This retrospective study included 123 patients with stage IV NSCLC who received treatment in Shanghai Changzheng Hospital between January 2019 and January 2022 after failure of first-line EGFR-TKIs.

Association between previous cataract surgery and cognition among middle-aged and older Chinese: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS).

Background: Cataract is the primary cause of blindness globally, and surgery offers the only method by which to remove cataracts. We aimed to examine whether previous cataract surgery is associated with cognitive function.

Methods: Our study included 13,824 participants.

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Uncover Key Regulators of Skin Regeneration in Human Long-Term Mechanical Stretch-Mediated Expansion Therapy.

Tissue expansion is a commonly performed therapy to grow extra skin for reconstruction. While mechanical stretch-induced epidermal changes have been extensively studied in rodents and cell culture, little is known about the mechanobiology of the human epidermis . Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to interrogate the changes in the human epidermis during long-term tissue expansion therapy in clinical settings.

Associations of sensory impairment and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese population: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Little is known about the associations between vision impairment, hearing impairment, and cognitive function. The aim of this study was to examine whether vision and hearing impairment were associated with a high risk for cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 13 914 Chinese adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) baseline were selected for analysis.

Hypoxia induces tumor cell growth and angiogenesis in non-small cell lung carcinoma via the Akt-PDK1-HIF1α-YKL-40 pathway.

Background: As one of the most common forms of cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), is characterized by oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a major mediator which responds hypoxia and regulates many contributing factors. The various modes of hypoxia regulation are frequently the focus of research studies.