Luminescent manganese-doped CsPbCl perovskite quantum dots.

Nanocrystalline cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX, X = Cl, Br, and I) form an exciting new class of semiconductor materials showing quantum confinement. The emission color can be tuned over the full visible spectral region making them promising for light‒emitting applications. Further control over the optical and magnetic properties of quantum dots (QDs) can be achieved through doping of transition metal (TM) ions such as Mn or Co.

[Breast cancer subtypes based on ER/PR and Her2 expression: comparison of MR imaging features].

Objective: To evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of breast cancer subtypes based on the profiles of ER/PR and Her2.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted for 267 breast cancer subjects between February 2007 and January 2011. Clinicopathologic features and MR imaging findings of four subtypes were compared.

Design of omnidirectional and multiple channeled filters using one-dimensional photonic crystals containing a defect layer with a negative refractive index.

The band structures of one-dimensional photonic crystals containing a defect layer with a negative refractive index are studied, showing that the defect modes possess three types of dispersion: positive, zero, and negative types. Based on these three types of dispersion, practical designs for large incident angle filters without polarization effect and for narrow frequency and sharp angular filters are suggested. Moreover, the splitting of one degenerate defect mode into multiple defect modes is observed in the band gap when the parameters of the defect layer vary.