UV-A radiation increases biomass yield by enhancing energy flow and carbon assimilation in the edible cyanobacterium .

Ultraviolet (UV) A radiation (315-400 nm) is the predominant component of solar UV radiation that reaches the Earth's surface. However, the underlying mechanisms of the positive effects of UV-A on photosynthetic organisms have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of UV-A radiation on the growth, photosynthetic ability, and metabolome of the edible cyanobacterium .

Differential transcriptional response in macrophages infected with cell wall deficient versus normal Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

Host-pathogen interactions determine the outcome following infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Under adverse circumstances, normal Mtb can form cell-wall deficient (CWD) variants within macrophages, which have been considered an adaptive strategy for facilitating bacterial survival inside macrophages. However, the molecular mechanism by which infection of macrophages with different phenotypic Mtb elicits distinct responses of macrophages is not fully understood.

[Expression of miR-29a in serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and prediction of its function with bioinformatics analysis].

Objective: To analyze the expression of miR-29a in serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to predict and analyze function of its target genes for further studying of its biological function and regulatory mechanism in tuberculosis (TB).

Methods: Fasting venous blood samples were collected from 65 untreated patients with active pulmonary TB (case group) and 45 healthy controls (control group) in the morning, respectively, and then sera were isolated. Total RNA was extracted with TRIzol reagent and was further purified.

Inactivation of Ca(2+)/H(+) exchanger in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 promotes cyanobacterial calcification by upregulating CO(2)-concentrating mechanisms.

Cyanobacteria are important players in the global carbon cycle, accounting for approximately 25% of global CO2 fixation. Their CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) are thought to play a key role in cyanobacterial calcification, but the mechanisms are not completely understood. In Synechocystis sp.

[Preparation of polyclonal antibody and prokaryotic expression of recombinant protein RelA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

Aim: To prepare polyclonal antibodies against RelA protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Methods: RelA gene segment was inserted into pET-32a(+) and the recombinant protein RelA was expressed in E.coli under IPTG induction.

Proteomic analysis of dimethoate-responsive proteins in the oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) gonad.

Introduction: The organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate (DM) has been widely used in agriculture, and its extensive use could still have left many environmental problems.

Methods: In the present study, the oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) was subjected to acute DM toxicity (2 mg/L), and gas chromatographic analysis revealed and quantified residues of DM in the oyster gonad.

Results: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed 12 differentially expressed proteins in the DM-exposed oyster gonad in comparison to the control.

Gonad differential proteins revealed with proteomics in oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) using alga as food contaminated with cadmium.

As mercury and lead, cadmium (Cd) is one of the highly toxic metals in both the ocean and land environments, but its toxicological mechanism in organisms including human is still unclear because of the complex toxicological pathways in vivo. Here, the alga Chlorella vulgaris were cultivated at room temperature under the stress of cadmium (1 mg L(-1)) to obtain a toxic food, and then the contaminated food were directly supplied to oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) in seawater. After feeding with C.

Effect of LTA isolated from bifidobacteria on D-galactose-induced aging.

Background: Bifidobacteria are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with human beings. Aging is associated with reduced number of beneficial colonic bifidobacteria and impaired immunity. Lipoteichoic acid is a major constituent of the cell wall of bifidobacteria which is important for bacterial survival, growth, and function.

Impacts of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration on photosynthesis and growth of micro- and macro-algae.

Marine photosynthesis drives the oceanic biological CO(2) pump to absorb CO(2) from the atmosphere, which sinks more than one third of the industry-originated CO(2) into the ocean. The increasing atmospheric CO(2) and subsequent rise of pCO(2) in seawater, which alters the carbonate system and related chemical reactions and results in lower pH and higher HCO(3) (-) concentration, affect photosynthetic CO(2) fixation processes of phytoplanktonic and macroalgal species in direct and/or indirect ways. Although many unicellular and multicellular species can operate CO(2)-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to utilize the large HCO(3) (-) pool in seawater, enriched CO(2) up to several times the present atmospheric level has been shown to enhance photosynthesis and growth of both phytoplanktonic and macro-species that have less capacity of CCMs.

Roles of carbonic anhydrase in photosynthesis of Skeletonema costatum.

The role of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in photosynthesis of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum grown at ambient level of CO(2) was investigated. Extracellular CA activity was very low. In comparison, intracellular CA activity was great part of total CA activity.