Seasonal patterns of nonstructural carbohydrate storage and mobilization in two tree species with distinct life-history traits.

Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) are essential for tree growth and adaptation, yet our understanding of the seasonal storage and mobilization dynamics of whole-tree NSC is still limited, especially when tree functional types are involved. Here, Quercus acutissima Carruth. and Pinus massoniana Lamb, with distinct life-history traits (i.

Silencing of long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript alleviates Aβ1-42-induced microglia-mediated neurotoxicity by shifting microglial M1/M2 polarization.

Objectives: This experimental study aims to investigate the role of long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) in the microglial polarization and microglia-mediated neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: The levels of XIST and microRNA-107 (miR-107) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The spatial learning and memory capability of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice were evaluated by the Morris water maze test.

An immune-related prognostic signature associated with immune landscape and therapeutic responses in gastric cancer.

Immune-related genes (IRGs) have attracted attention in recent years as therapeutic targets in various tumors. However, the role of IRGs in gastric cancer (GC) has not been clearly elucidated. This study presents a comprehensive analysis exploring the clinical, molecular, immune, and drug response features characterizing the IRGs in GC.

Transcriptional profiling and network pharmacology analysis identify the potential biomarkers from Chinese herbal formula Huosu Yangwei Formula treated gastric cancer in vivo.

Huosu Yangwei (HSYW) Formula is a traditioanl Chinese herbal medicine that has been extensively used to treat chronic atrophic gastritis, precancerous lesions of gastric cancer and advanced gastric cancer. However, the effective compounds of HSYW and its related anti-tumor mechanisms are not completely understood. In the current study, 160 ingredients of HSYW were identified and 64 effective compounds were screened by the ADMET evaluation.

Nmnat2 attenuates amyloidogenesis and up-regulates ADAM10 in AMPK activity-dependent manner.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulating is considered as a causative factor for formation of senile plaque in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its mechanism is still elusive. The Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 (Nmnat2), a key redox cofactor for energy metabolism, is reduced in AD. Accumulative evidence has shown that the decrease of α-secretase activity, a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 10 (ADAM10), is responsible for the increase of Aβ productions in AD patient's brain.

Nmnat2 attenuates Tau phosphorylation through activation of PP2A.

The activity of protein phosptase-2A (PP2A) is significantly decreased in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, but the upstream effectors for regulating PP2A activity are not fully understood. Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 (Nmnat2) is a key enzyme involved in energy metabolism and its gene expression level is reduced in AD brain specimens. Whether Nmnat2 can activate PP2A deserves to be explored.