The minimum local anesthetic concentration of ropivacaine for caudal analgesia in children.

Unlabelled: Ropivacaine is a new long-acting amino-amide local anesthetic. The concentrations of ropivacaine used in caudal analgesia range from 0.1% to 0.

Caudal anesthesia reduces the minimum alveolar concentration of enflurane for laryngeal mask airway removal in boys.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of caudal analgesia on the minimal alveolar concentration of enflurane for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) smooth extubation (MACex).

Methods: We studied 50 nonpremedicated children, aged three to ten years, ASA physical status I, undergoing surgery for hypospadias repair. After a sevoflurane inhalation induction, children were randomized to receive LMA insertion with or without ropivacaine caudal analgesia.