Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with the risk of osteoporosis: a cross-sectional evidence from a Chinese community-based cohort.

Background: Association of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis has been well documented in elderly population. However, it is not clear whether they co-progress from the early stages through common mechanisms. The object of this study was to evaluate possible associations between arterial stiffness and osteoporosis by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asia (OSTA) index among a healthy population of Chinese aged 40 years and older.

Expression profiles, biological functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in bladder cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are single-stranded closed-loop RNA molecules lacking terminal 5' caps and 3' poly(A) tails, are attracting increasing scientific attention for their crucial regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of various diseases. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, increasing numbers of differentially expressed circRNAs have been identified in bladder cancer (BCa) via exploration of the expression profiles of BCa and normal tissues and cell lines. CircRNAs are critically involved in BCa biological behaviours, including cell proliferation, tumour growth suppression, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, invasion, migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, and cisplatin chemoresistance.

F-FDG PET-based radiomics model for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in clinical N0 solid lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to develop a preoperative positron emission tomography (PET)-based radiomics model for predicting occult lymph node metastasis (OLM) in clinical N0 (cN0) solid lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: The preoperative fluorine-18-fludeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET images of 370 patients with cN0 lung adenocarcinoma confirmed by histopathological examination were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into training and validation sets.

Predicting Prostate Cancer Upgrading of Biopsy Gleason Grade Group at Radical Prostatectomy Using Machine Learning-Assisted Decision-Support Models.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML)-assisted model capable of accurately predicting the probability of biopsy Gleason grade group upgrading before making treatment decisions.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Four ML-assisted models were developed from 16 clinical features using logistic regression (LR), logistic regression optimized by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regularization (Lasso-LR), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM).

Revealing the role of glycerophospholipid metabolism in asthma through plasma lipidomics.

Lipid mediators play an essential role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Many studies on the differential expression of sphingolipids and fatty acid exist, but relatively few concerned about glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolites in asthma. Here, plasma samples from 20 healthy controls and 24 asthmatic patients were collected and analyzed.

A novel comprehensive predictive model for obstructive pyonephrosis patients with upper urinary tract stones.

Background: Calculous pyonephrosis tended not to be accurately diagnosed before operations. It is mostly confirmed during percutaneous nephrolithotripsy or percutaneous nephrostomy. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for predicting obstructive pyonephrosis patients with upper urinary tract stones.

Association between bone marrow fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and recurrence after curative surgical resection in patients with T1-2N0M0 lung adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Evidence regarding the relationship between fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the bone marrow of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and prognosis is limited. This study aimed to identify whether bone marrow FDG uptake is a risk factor for recurrence in patients after curative surgical resection of T1-2N0M0 lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: From January 2012 to December 2016, we retrospectively enrolled 195 pT1-2N0M0 lung adenocarcinoma patients who underwent both preoperative FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and surgical resection from the lung adenocarcinoma database maintained by the PET/CT department at our hospital.

Caloric restriction: implications for sarcopenia and potential mechanisms.

Sarcopenia is a potential risk factor for weakness, disability and death in elderly individuals. Therefore, seeking effective methods to delay and treat sarcopenia and to improve the quality of life of elderly individuals is a trending topic in geriatrics. Caloric restriction (CR) is currently recognized as an effective means to extend the lifespan and delay the decline in organ function caused by aging.

AhR activation attenuates calcium oxalate nephrocalcinosis by diminishing M1 macrophage polarization and promoting M2 macrophage polarization.

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal can trigger kidney injury, which contributes to the pathogenesis of nephrocalcinosis. The phenotypes of infiltrating macrophage may impact CaOx-mediated kidney inflammatory injury as well as crystal deposition. How aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates inflammation and macrophage polarization is well understood; however, how it modulates CaOx nephrocalcinosis remains unclear.

A Novel Regulation Strategy of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Based on Anion-Solvent Coordination for Magnesium Metal Anode.

Magnesium (Mg) metal anode is a highly desirable candidate among various high energy density metal anodes, possessing higher volumetric capacity and better safety characteristic compared to lithium metal. However, most Mg salts in conventional Mg electrolytes easily react with Mg metal to form blocking layers, leading to inferior reversibility of Mg plating/stripping. Here, a stable Mg -conducting solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is successfully constructed on Mg metal anode by regulating the molecular-orbital-energy-level toward an aluminum(III)-centered anion Mg salt through anion-solvent coordination.

Corrigendum to "IMCA Induces Ferroptosis Mediated by SLC7A11 through the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in Colorectal Cancer".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/1675613.].

Yes-Associated Protein 1: Role and Treatment Prospects in Orthopedic Degenerative Diseases.

The Hippo/yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway. This signaling pathway is primarily involved in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal, organ size and tissue regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It plays an important role in embryonic development and tissue organ formation.

Atomic-Level Modulation of Electronic Density at Cobalt Single-Atom Sites Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks: Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance.

Demonstrated here is the correlation between atomic configuration induced electronic density of single-atom Co active sites and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance by combining density-functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrochemical analysis. Guided by DFT calculations, a MOF-derived Co single-atom catalyst with the optimal Co -N PS active moiety incorporated in a hollow carbon polyhedron (Co -N PS/HC) was designed and synthesized. Co -N PS/HC exhibits outstanding alkaline ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.

Atractylenolide III alleviates the apoptosis through inhibition of autophagy by the mTOR-dependent pathway in alveolar macrophages of human silicosis.

Silica-induced apoptosis of alveolar macrophages (AMs) is an essential part of silicosis formation. Autophagy tends to present a bidirectional effect on apoptosis. Our previous study found that the blockade of autophagy degradation might aggravate the apoptosis of AMs in human silicosis.

Combined multiple clinical characteristics for prediction of discordance in grade and stage in prostate cancer patients undergoing systematic biopsy and radical prostatectomy.

Background: The present study aimed to develop three nomograms by incorporating multiple clinical characteristics to identify those prostate cancer (PCa) patients with high probability of incorrect biopsy Gleason grade group (GG) before making treatment decisions.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from PCa patients who underwent systematic biopsy and radical prostatectomy from January 2015 to December 2019 at Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were preformed to identify independent risk factors associated with upgrading, upstaging and downgrading.

Pentraxin 3 promotes airway inflammation in experimental asthma.

Background: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) regulates multiple aspects of innate immunity and tissue inflammation. Recently, it has been reported that PTX3 deficiency enhances interleukin (IL)-17A-dominant pulmonary inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthma model. However, whether PTX3 treatment would provide protection against allergic airway inflammation has not been clearly elucidated.

Added Value of Biparametric MRI and TRUS-Guided Systematic Biopsies to Clinical Parameters in Predicting Adverse Pathology in Prostate Cancer.

Objective: To develop novel models for predicting extracapsular extension (EPE), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), or upgrading in prostate cancer (PCa) patients using clinical parameters, biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bp-MRI), and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided systematic biopsies.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected data from PCa patients who underwent standard (12-core) systematic biopsy and radical prostatectomy. To develop predictive models, the following variables were included in multivariable logistic regression analyses: total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA), central transition zone volume (CTZV), prostate-specific antigen (PSAD), maximum diameter of the index lesion at bp-MRI, EPE at bp-MRI, SVI at bp-MRI, biopsy Gleason grade group, and number of positive biopsy cores.

COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents.

As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 continues to spread worldwide, there have been increasing reports from Europe, North America, Asia, and Latin America describing children and adolescents with COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory conditions. However, the association between multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and COVID-19 is still unknown. We review the epidemiology, causes, clinical features, and current treatment protocols for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents associated with COVID-19.

Predictive and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 in Urothelial Carcinoma Patients with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Recently, checkpoint inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has been shown to be therapeutically relevant in urothelial carcinoma (UC). To evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of PD-L1 on response and survival in UC patients after cystectomy, chemotherapy, or anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, a systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed. A total of 2154 patients from 14 published studies were included.

Sulforaphane elicts dual therapeutic effects on Renal Inflammatory Injury and crystal deposition in Calcium Oxalate Nephrocalcinosis.

Intrarenal calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals induce renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) injury and inflammation, which involve Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) signaling. Additionally, infiltrating macrophages (Mϕs) might influence intrarenal CaOx crystals and CaOx-induced renal injury. Although the roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in regulating inflammation and macrophage polarization are well characterized, its potential mechanisms in regulating CaOx nephrocalcinosis remain undefined.