Targeting platinum-resistant ovarian cancer by disrupting histone and RAD51 lactylation.

Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal gynecological malignancy with common platinum resistance. Lactylation is involved in multiple biological processes. Thus, we explored the role of histone and non-histone lactylation in platinum resistance, providing a potential therapeutic target to overcome platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.

Dynamic STING repression orchestrates immune cell development and function.

STING is an essential component of the innate immune system, yet homeostatic STING expression patterns and regulation are unknown. Using reporter and conditional transgenic mice, we found that regulation of STING expression is critical for immune cell development and functionality. STING expression was repressed in neutrophils, and forced STING expression or signaling drove systemic inflammatory disease.

Global landscape of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in 2022 and predictions to 2030: The urgent need to address inequalities in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer remains a major public health challenge worldwide, despite being largely preventable through effective interventions. Timely evidence regarding the global landscape of cervical cancer is crucial for measuring the magnitude of inequalities and monitoring progress towards cervical cancer elimination. We aimed to provide an updated overview of the global burden of cervical cancer using the GLOBOCAN 2022 database.

Clinical Features and Surgical Procedures of Acquired Rectovestibular Fistula: A Single-center Retrospective Study.

Introduction: We reviewed a 7-year experience (Jan 2016 to Oct 2023) in diagnosing and surgically treating Acquired Rectovestibular Fistula (ARVF). Our study describes the medical history, introduces new classifications based on fistula features, and outlines the application of diverse surgical techniques in treating these patients.

Methods: A total of 78 girls with ARVF appeared asymptomatic at birth.

OAS cross-activates RNase L intercellularly through cell-to-cell transfer of 2-5A to spread innate immunity.

The 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)-RNase L pathway is a classical antiviral innate immune pathway. Upon sensing dsRNA, OAS produces 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) as a second messenger to activate RNase L. Whether 2-5A can be transported to extend the reach of innate immune signaling has not been established.

Discovery and Optimization of Pyrazine Carboxamide AZ3246, a Selective HPK1 Inhibitor.

Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) is a negative regulator of the T cell receptor signaling pathway and is therefore a target of interest for immunooncology. Nonselective HPK1 inhibitors may affect other kinase components of T cell activation, blunting the beneficial impact of enhanced T cell activity that results from HPK1 inhibition itself. Here, we report the discovery of pyrazine carboxamide HPK1 inhibitors and their optimization through structure-based drug design to afford a highly selective HPK1 inhibitor, compound (AZ3246).

Enhanced Reconfigurable Visual Cryptography Strategies Utilizing Optical Metasurfaces.

The secure storage and transmission of information are core measures that ensure data security. Within intricate information landscapes, reconfigurable encryption mechanisms serve as robust defenses against potential breaches of encrypted data. Here, we propose a reconfigurable visual secret sharing (VSS) encryption strategy that leverages the capabilities of optical metasurfaces and exhibits a dual-channel secondary encryption scheme.

Prediction of Survival in the Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma using Cumulative Inflammatory Markers Score.

 This retrospective study aimed to explore the prognostic effect of cumulative score based on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and fibrinogen in older adults diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM).  Retrospective study.  Huashan Hospital.

Global, regional, and national burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer, 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2045: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

Background: Identifying past, present, and future temporal trends in gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (GBTC) can increase public awareness and promote changes in prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods: The incidence and death rates of GBTC between 1990 and 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021 and assessed according to country, region, year, age, and sex. Time trends were measured using the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and projections of the burden of disease for 2022 to 2045 were made using the Bayesian age-period-cohort model.

Suppression of epileptic seizures by transcranial activation of K-selective channelrhodopsin.

Optogenetics is a valuable tool for studying the mechanisms of neurological diseases and is now being developed for therapeutic applications. In rodents and macaques, improved channelrhodopsins have been applied to achieve transcranial optogenetic stimulation. While transcranial photoexcitation of neurons has been achieved, noninvasive optogenetic inhibition for treating hyperexcitability-induced neurological disorders has remained elusive.

Spatial variations of soil seed banks in Shanghai's urban wasteland: a gradient analysis of urbanization effects.

Urbanization greatly impacts both the diversity of soil seed banks and the spatial dynamics of species. These seed banks serve as a window into the ecological history and potential for recovery in urban wastelands, which are continually evolving due to urbanization. In this study, we selected 24 plots along urban-rural gradients in Shanghai, China.

Nomogram for Predicting in-Hospital Severe Complications in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Admitted in Emergency Department.

Background: There is lack of predictive models for the risk of severe complications during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we aimed to create a nomogram to forecast the likelihood of in-hospital severe complications in AMI.

Methods: From August 2020 to January 2023, 1024 patients with AMI including the modeling group (n=717) and the validation group (n=307) admitted in Changsha Central Hospital's emergency department.

The close association of Muribaculum and PA (10:0/a-17:0) with the occurrence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and immunotherapy.

Background: Progress in immunotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been slow, yet the relationship between microorganisms and metabolites is crucial to PDAC development. This study compares the biliary microbiota and metabolomic profiles of PDAC patients with those of benign pancreatic disease patients to investigate PDAC pathogenesis and its relationship with immunotherapy.

Methods: A total of 27 patients were recruited, including 15 diagnosed with PDAC and 12 with benign pancreaticobiliary conditions, all of whom underwent surgical treatment.

Investigating the causal effect of various metabolites on postherpetic neuralgia: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Common side effect of Herpes Zoster, postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), causes persistent pain that seriously affects quality of life. Lack of dependable biomarkers makes the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PHN difficult, so complicating the assessment of therapeutic efficacy. Blood metabolites are becoming more and more well known as significant disease markers.

The association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome: A large prospective Chinese cohort study.

Objectives: Many studies have explored the association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome; however, the findings are inconsistent due to the different types of indicators used to assess handgrip strength (absolute vs. relative handgrip strength). This prospective cohort study aimed to simultaneously investigate the associations of both absolute and relative handgrip strength with metabolic syndrome, and to compare the predictive abilities of these two measures among Chinese adults.

Prediction model for laser marking colors based on color mixing.

The current techniques for coloring surfaces using lasers necessitate the identification of numerous laser marking parameters, which is a laborious process. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis of generating a wide variety of colors through fewer sets of laser marking parameters is a huge challenge. This work employs a nanosecond laser to generate mixed structural colors from micro-nano structures on the surface of stainless steel in order to address these issues.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) inhibits coronavirus infection by disrupting viral replication organelles.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that plays a crucial role in cytosolic DNA-mediated innate immunity. Both STING agonists and antagonists have demonstrated their ability to enhance mouse survival against coronavirus, however, the physiological role of endogenous STING in coronavirus infection remains unclear. Our research unveils that STING inhibits coronavirus replication by impeding the formation of the ER-derived double-membrane vesicles (DMVs), the organelles in which coronavirus replicates.

Wavelength and spin-decoupled metasurface based on single-parameter modulation.

Metasurfaces provide an unprecedented platform for precise and subwavelength-scale modulation of optical phases, leading to innovative advancements in wavefront shaping and holography devices. This study presents a single-layer umbrella-like metasurface capable of multichannel holography, encoded with both polarization and wavelength. By leveraging a unique chiral-assisted strategy, we achieve simultaneous decoupling of wavelength and spin states through single-parameter modulation.