Effects of topical dexamethasone in postoperative sore throat.

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a complication that undermines patient satisfaction and increases discomfort in the postoperative period. The present study examined the effects of dexamethasone gargle and endotracheal tube cuff soaking on the incidence and severity of POST.

Methods: Ninety patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly allocated into three groups: 0.

Preoperative interscalene brachial plexus block aids in perioperative temperature management during arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Background: Hypothermia is common during arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia, and anesthetic-impaired thermoregulation is thought to be the major cause of hypothermia. This prospective, randomized, double-blind study was designed to compare perioperative temperature during arthroscopic shoulder surgery with interscalene brachial plexus block (IBPB) followed by general anesthesia vs. general anesthesia alone.

Profile of mood states and quality of life of Chinese postmastectomy women in Hong Kong: Integrating variable- and person-centered approaches.

Understanding the mood state and its relationship with quality of life (QOL) of mastectomy recipients can serve as baseline within which a sound rehabilitation program can be developed. This study therefore was conducted to facilitate a better understanding of participants' postmastectomy mood states, identify their potential predictors, identify clusters of mood profiles, and clarify between-cluster differences in terms of QOL. Hong Kong mastectomy patients completed the Profile of Mood States and Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index.

The combination of sugammadex and neostigmine can reduce the dosage of sugammadex during recovery from the moderate neuromuscular blockade.

Background: Sugammadex is a novel neuromuscular reversal agent, but its associated hypersensitivity reaction and high cost have been obstacles to its widespread use. In the interest of reducing the necessary dosage of sugammadex, the reversal time of the combined use of sugammadex and neostigmine from moderate neuromuscular blockade were investigated.

Methods: The patients enrolled ranged in age from 18 to 65 years old with American Society of Anesthesiologists class 1 or 2.

Chemotherapy-Related Amenorrhea and Menopause in Young Chinese Breast Cancer Patients: Analysis on Incidence, Risk Factors and Serum Hormone Profiles.

Purpose: In this prospective cross-sectional study on young premenopausal breast cancer patients, the objectives were to: determine the incidences of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea (CRA) and menopause (CRM); identify associated factors; and assess plasma levels of estradiol (E2) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) among patients who developed menopause.

Methods: Eligibility criteria include Chinese stage I-III breast cancer patients, premenopausal, age ≤45 at breast cancer diagnosis, having received adjuvant chemotherapy, within 3-10 years after breast cancer diagnosis. Detailed menstrual history prior to and after adjuvant treatment was taken at study entry.

Prognostic implication of human papillomavirus types and species in cervical cancer patients undergoing primary treatment.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types are associated with cervical cancer. It is well established that individual HPV types vary in oncogenicity, but current data on their prognostic implication remain controversial. We examined the association between HPV types/species and the survival of 236 Chinese women aged 26-87 (mean 54.

The comparison of the effects of intravenous ketamine or dexmedetomidine infusion on spinal block with bupivacaine.

Background: Ketamine and dexmedetomidine are commonly used for sedation and analgesia in patients. We tried to compare the effects of intravenous ketamine and dexmedetomidine infusion on spinal block with bupivacaine.

Methods: Ninety American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I or II patients, who were scheduled to spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 30).

Effect of pretreatment with palonosetron on withdrawal movement associated with rocuronium injection.

Background: The main disadvantage of rocuronium is the pain associated with vascular injection. We evaluated the efficacy of palonosetron for reducing pain after rocuronium injection.

Methods: EIGHTY PATIENTS SCHEDULED FOR ELECTIVE SURGERY WERE RANDOMLY DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS: Group C (normal saline 1.

Does dexmedetomidine reduce postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with multimodal analgesia?

Background: Pain after laparoscopy is multifactorial and different treatments have been proposed to provide pain relief. Multimodal analgesia is now recommended to prevent and treat post-laparoscopy pain. Dexmedetomidine, an α2 agonist, has well-known anesthetic and analgesic-sparing effects.

Comparison of surgical conditions during propofol or desflurane anesthesia for endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: Reduction of intraoperative bleeding is necessary to achieve the ideal surgical field for the endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Intraoperative intra nasal bleeding is influenced by various anesthetics. This study compared surgical field condition between propofol/remifentanil (PR) based anesthesia and desflurane/remifentanil (DR) based anesthesia.

Comparison of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil for attenuation of hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

Background: This study was designed to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil used in anesthetic induction on hemodynamic change after direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

Methods: A total of 90 ASA class 1 or 2 patients were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups to receive one of the following treatments in a double-blind manner: normal saline (Group C, n = 30), dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg (Group D, n = 30), remifentanil 1 µg/kg (Group R, n= 30). Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.

Abrupt formation of a right atrium thrombus detected by transesophageal echocardiography during laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy and spontaneous resolution during thromboembolectomy -A case report-.

Intraoperative formation and management of a thrombus in right atrium has been reported occasionally. Nevertheless, it is rare that a right atrial thrombus with unstable hemodynamic changes detected by transesophageal echocardiography is resolved spontaneously. We report upon the 44-year-old woman, who had a right atrial thrombus detected by transesophageal echocardiography during laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy and resolved during thromboembolectomy.

Analgesic effect of preoperative versus intraoperative dexamethasone after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with multimodal analgesia.

Background: Pain after laparoscopy is multifactorial and different treatments have been proposed to provide pain relief. Multimodal analgesia is now recommended to prevent and treat post-laparoscopy pain. Dexamethasone is effective in reducing postoperative pain.

Lung injury induced by the pulmonary instillation of povidone-iodine in rats.

Purpose: Povidone-iodine (polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine, PI), which is commonly used as a pre- and postoperative oral antiseptic, has been reported to cause pneumonia secondary to its pulmonary aspiration. Because no studies have yet investigated the underlying mechanisms of PI-induced pneumonia, we conducted an animal study to analyze the effect of PI on the lung following its pulmonary instillation.

Methods: The lungs of 61 male Sprague-Dawley rats (150-250 g) were instilled with varying volumes of either phosphate-buffered saline or PI solutions varying in strength from 0.

Brief report: the effect of suggestion on unpleasant dreams induced by ketamine administration.

The use of ketamine may be associated with the recall of unpleasant dreams after sedation. We hypothesized that a positive suggestion before sedation could reduce the incidence of ketamine-induced unpleasant dreams. To test this hypothesis, we randomized 100 patients receiving sedation with ketamine for their procedure into 2 groups with 1 group having an anesthesiologist provide a mood-elevating suggestion to the patient before ketamine administration (suggestion group), whereas in the control group no suggestion was provided.

Prevention of pain during injection of microemulsion propofol: application of lidocaine mixture and the optimal dose of lidocaine.

Background: Similar to lipid emulsion propofol, microemulsion propofol also causes a high incidence of pain during intravenous injection. Various methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of pain on injection of lipid emulsion propofol. In this study, we investigated the effect of a lidocaine mixture on pain induced by microemulsion propofol injection, and sought to determine the optimal dose of lidocaine that could reduce pain on injecting a propofol-lidocaine mixture.

May-Thurner syndrome found incidentally after left femoral catheterization in a pediatric patient.

In May-Thurner syndrome, the left common iliac vein is compressed between the overlying right common iliac artery and the underlying vertebral body. Chronic and/or repetitive compressions at this site cause fibrosis of the vein and thus stenosis, potentially occluding the lumen. This report describes a case of May-Thurner syndrome discovered incidentally after femoral catheterization for chemotherapy in a 25-month-old child with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML).

A patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia -A case report-.

There are many cause of cholinesterase deficiency, including drugs, liver disease, chronic anemia, malignant states, cardiac failure, severe acute infection, surgical shock, severe burn, collagen disease and vasculitis syndromes. Vasculitis syndromes are relatively rare, and among them, Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is even rarer. We report here on a case of a patient with CSS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia.

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome as a cause of persistent neuromuscular weakness after a mediastinoscopic biopsy -A case report-.

There are many causes of prolonged postoperative muscle weakness, including drugs, residual anesthetics, cerebrovascular events, electrolyte imbalance, hypothermia, and neuromuscular disease. Neuromuscular diseases are relatively rare, with the most common being myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). We report an unusual case in which a patient who was given a muscle relaxant during mediastinoscopy developed postoperative muscle weakness that was ultimately diagnosed as secondary to LEMS.

Comparison of the effects of acetaminophen to ketorolac when added to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia.

Background: This study was done to evaluate the effect on pain relief when acetaminophen was added to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA).

Methods: SIXTY PATIENTS UNDERGOING HAND OR FOREARM SURGERY RECEIVED IVRA WERE ASSIGNED TO THREE GROUPS: Group C received 0.5% lidocaine diluted with 0.

Inter-arm arterial pressure difference caused by prone position in the thoracic outlet syndrome patient -A case report-.

Thoracic outlet syndrome has neurologic symptoms caused by compression of brachial plexus, blood vessel symptoms are caused by compression of the artery or vein. The authors report a case of sudden decrease in blood pressure of the left arm after turning the patient from supine position to prone position. They confirmed that the patient had thoracic outlet syndrome after performing computed tomography.

Unilateral administration of a drug into the lung of a small animal.

Background: The selective unilateral administration of drugs into a single lung of a rat is difficult because of the small airway diameter. Therefore, a simple method for unilateral administration into rat lung is needed.

Methods: Rats were assigned to 1 of 2 groups according to the direction of the catheter used for drug administration.