An I/amine synergistic catalysis enables 2,2'-bipyridine synthesis from oxime esters and enals.

A synergistic I/secondary amine catalysis has been developed for the modular assembly of 2,2'-bipyridines, employing oxime esters and enals as readily available starting materials. This method demonstrates a good substrate scope and functional group tolerance and can easily afford a series of structurally new 2,2'-bipyridines in moderate to good yields.

Interbacterial warfare in the human gut: insights from Bacteroidales' perspective.

Competition and cooperation are fundamental to the stability and evolution of ecological communities. The human gut microbiota, a dense and complex microbial ecosystem, plays a critical role in the host's health and disease, with competitive interactions being particularly significant. As a dominant and extensively studied group in the human gut, Bacteroidales serves as a successful model system for understanding these intricate dynamic processes.

Grid-Centric Traffic Scenario Perception for Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Review.

The grid-centric perception is a crucial field for mobile robot perception and navigation. Nonetheless, the grid-centric perception is less prevalent than object-centric perception as autonomous vehicles need to accurately perceive highly dynamic, large-scale traffic scenarios, and the complexity and computational costs of grid-centric perception are high. In recent years, the rapid development of deep learning techniques and hardware provides fresh insights into the evolution of grid-centric perception.

HOF-Enabled Synthesis of Porous PEDOT as an Improved Electrode Material for Supercapacitor.

Controlling the nanostructure of conducting polymers (CPs) is essential for enhancing their performance in energy storage applications. Existing CPs often suffer from low effective pseudocapacitance due to poor ion permeability. In this study, we introduce a novel approach using hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) to synthesize porous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT).

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of infection in children with diarrhoea.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of infection (CDI) in children with diarrhea, and to provide evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of CDI.

Methods: The clinical data of 192 children with diarrhoea suspected of CDI admitted from August 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively analysed and divided into two groups according to whether CDI occurred, and the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the two groups were analysed statistically.

Results: There were 85 cases of CDI in children with diarrhoea, 60 males (70.

Race-based differences in serum biomarkers for cancer-associated cachexia in a diverse cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths by 2040, with the highest disease burden expected amongst Non-Hispanic Blacks. One of the most significant predictors of poor outcomes is the presence of cancer-associated cachexia (CCa). Yet, race- and ethnicity-specific biomarkers for early CCa diagnosis are lacking.

Real-Time Analysis of CO Reduction Product Distribution by Synchrotron Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization Mass Spectrometry.

Understanding the transient physicochemical properties at the cathode/catholyte interface is a prerequisite to shedding light on the complex electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) mechanism as well as to steering the product distribution toward precise CO valorization. Herein, we report a flow-cell-based synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometric approach to resolve the dynamic interfacial species evolution during Cu-catalyzed CORR. By optimizing the photoionization energy, characteristic molecular ions of 8 volatile reduction products, together with the CO reactant, have been precisely captured for both potential step and linear sweep voltammetric measurements.

Analyzing the impact of glycemic metabolic status on cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality related to the estimated glucose disposal rate: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: The Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR) serves as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance, with numerous studies highlighting its significant prognostic value. This paper aims to analyze the impact of eGDR on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across different glycemic metabolic statuses, including normal fasting glucose (NFG), prediabetes, and diabetes.

Methods: This study included 46,016 American adults who underwent health examinations as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018.

Clinicopathological study of squamoid morules in nineteen conventional colorectal adenomas.

Squamoid morules are an intriguing finding rarely seen in colorectal adenomas, mimicking foci of microinvasion or neuroendocrine differentiation. We identified nineteen colorectal adenomas with squamoid morules and collected clinicopathological data. A representative block was chosen for immunohistochemistry.

Developing and validating a machine learning model to predict multidrug-resistant -related septic shock.

Background: Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) infections pose a significant global healthcare challenge, particularly due to the high mortality risk associated with septic shock. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning-based model to predict the risk of MDR-KP-associated septic shock, enabling early risk stratification and targeted interventions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,385 patients with MDR-KP infections admitted between January 2019 and June 2024.

Decoding the suppressing effects of Pluronic triblock copolymers on copper electrodeposition.

Triblock Pluronics of polyoxyethylene (PEO) and polyoxypropylene (PPO) are identified as competent suppressors for copper (Cu) electroplating in advanced electronics manufacturing. However, the specific interfacial roles of PEO and PPO blocks in Pluronic suppressors, are not yet fully understood, which is crucial for the rational design of effective suppressors. Herein, the influences of composition and block arrangement of such Pluronics on the inhibition against Cu plating are systematically investigated.

Copper-Catalyzed Annulation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketoximes with Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines.

A copper-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation protocol from readily available α,β-unsaturated ketoximes and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates has been achieved. The approach enables the expedient construction of a series of structurally new highly substituted pyridines with good functional group tolerance.

Toward Hyphenated Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies in Interfacial Electrochemistry.

To address the pressing demand for hyphenated characterization of the electrode-electrolyte interfaces at the molecular level, we report herein a technical note to demonstrate the hyphenation of electrochemical surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) and shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS). The core setup incorporates a top-down configured Raman optic fiber head loaded on a 3-dimension positioning module and a bottom-up configured attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) spectroelectrochemical cell accommodated in a custom-designed optical accessory. The feasibility of this integrated design is initially validated by the simultaneous measurement of two model systems, namely, potential dependent adsorption of pyridine on a Au film electrode and the CO reduction reaction on a Cu film electrode by SEIRAS and SHINERS, yielding distinct and complementary spectral information.

Establishment and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Sepsis-Associated Liver Injury in ICU Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI) leads to increased mortality in sepsis patients, yet no specialized tools exist for early risk assessment. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for early identification of SALI before patients meet full diagnostic criteria.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 415 sepsis patients admitted to ICU from January 2019 to January 2022.

Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Efficacy and safety of Chinese tonic medicines for treating sepsis or septic shock: a protocol for a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Chinese tonic medicines (CTMs) in treating sepsis or septic shock. However, trials directly comparing the efficacy and safety of different CTMs for sepsis or septic shock are still lacking.

Effect of an Endoscopy Screening on Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Mortality: A Community-Based Multicenter Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background & Aims: Population-based observational studies suggest that endoscopic screening may reduce upper gastrointestinal cancer mortality. We aimed to quantify the effect of endoscopy screening.

Methods: This is a community-based, multicenter, cluster randomized clinical trial conducted in both high-risk and non-high-risk areas of China.

Molecular Pathway and Immune Profile Analysis of IPMN-Derived Versus PanIN-Derived Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are commonly detected pancreatic cysts that may transform into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Predicting which IPMNs will progress to PDAC remains a clinical challenge. Moreover, identifying those clinically evident IPMNs for which a surveillance approach is best is a dire clinical need.

COL10A1 Facilitates Prostate Cancer Progression by Interacting With INHBA to Activate the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Prostate cancer (PCa) constitutes a highly common and lethal disease that impacts males globally. However, the specific molecular pathways responsible for its development are still unknown. Therefore, revealing the molecular regulators that contributed to the progression of PCa is pivotal for developing unique management strategies.

Efferocytosis: the resolution of inflammation in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have surpassed cancer as significant global health challenges, which mainly include atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemia stroke. The inflammatory response immediately following these diseases profoundly impacts patient prognosis and recovery. Efficient resolution of inflammation is crucial not only for halting the inflammatory process but also for restoring tissue homeostasis.

Comparative efficacy of Chinese tonic medicines for treating sepsis or septic shock: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Sepsis or septic shock is a life-threatening medical emergency with a poor prognosis and a high economic burden for both individuals and healthcare resources. Evidence suggests that Chinese tonic medicines (CTMs), as adjuvant treatments, are effective in treating this disease. Nevertheless, the ongoing discourse regarding the optimal CTMs persists.

Molecular level insights on the pulsed electrochemical CO reduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interface is sensitive to both the potential and concentration polarization. Compared to static electrolysis at a fixed potential, pulsed electrolysis with alternating anodic and cathodic potentials is an intriguing approach that not only reconstructs the surface structure, but also regulates the local pH and mass transport from the electrolyte side in the immediate vicinity of the cathode. Herein, via a combined online mass spectrometry investigation with sub-second temporal resolution and 1-dimensional diffusion profile simulations, we reveal that heightened surface CO concentration promotes CORR over H evolution for both polycrystalline Ag and Cu electrodes after anodic pulses.

The search for life signatures on Mars by the Tianwen-3 Mars sample return mission.

We present the proposed strategic study, 'Integrated elements for Martian life signature exploration', to support the sampling and identification of any potential biosignatures in compliance with the engineering constraints of the Tianwen-3 mission.