Ultrasound-Responsive Micelle-Encapsulated Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived EVs for the Treatment of Lower Limb Microcirculation Disease.

Lower limb microcirculatory ischemic disease is a vascular disorder primarily characterized by limb pain, gangrene, and potential amputation. It can be caused by various factors, such as hyperglycemia, atherosclerosis, and infection. Due to the extremely narrow luminal diameter in lower limb microcirculatory ischemic lesions, both surgical and medical interventions face challenges in achieving satisfactory therapeutic outcomes within the microvessels.