Mechanism of arsenic regulation of mitochondrial damage and autophagy induced synaptic damage through SIRT1 and protective effect of melatonin.

Arsenic (As), a widespread environmental pollutant, can induce severe neurological damage worldwide; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects against various neurological diseases by resisting mitochondrial damage and autophagy through deacetylation. In this study, we established a model of HT22 cells exposed to NaAsO and examined the levels of mitochondrial, autophagy, and synaptic damage in HT22 cells and HT22 cells with high expression of SIRT1 (pre-treated with the agonist SRT1720) 24 h after exposure.

Exploring the intriguing relationship: epicardial adipose tissue correlation with left atrial and left ventricular function across different heart failure types.

Background: The association between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and heart failure has garnered significant attention. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between EAT and cardiac function across various heart failure phenotypes.

Methods: The study cohort included 33 cases in the control group and 121 cases in the heart failure group, stratified into subgroups: 40 with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 38 with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and 43 with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Analysis of research status and trends on nano-agricultural application: a bibliometric study.

Introduction: The rapid global population growth and limitations of traditional agricultural practices have resulted in inadequate nutrient supply. Nano-agricultural technology presents significant potential for enhancing crop growth and resistance, reducing stresses, and providing economic benefits with lower environmental risks.

Methods: In this study, a bibliometric analysis of nano-agricultural applications was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection, and 2,626 publications from 2000 to 2023 were identified, with an exponential increase in both publications and citations.

Neutrophil extracellular traps impede cancer metastatic seeding via protease-activated receptor 2-mediated downregulation of phagocytic checkpoint CD24.

Background: Phagocytic clearance by macrophages represents a critical immune surveillance mechanism in cancer liver metastasis. Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells encountered by cancer cells in circulation, play key roles in metastasis through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Although NETs promote macrophage phagocytosis during infection, whether they regulate phagocytosis during cancer metastasis is unknown.

A novel deep learning model combining 3DCNN-CapsNet and hierarchical attention mechanism for EEG emotion recognition.

Emotion recognition plays a key role in the field of human-computer interaction. Classifying and predicting human emotions using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has consistently been a challenging research area. Recently, with the increasing application of deep learning methods such as convolutional neural network (CNN) and channel attention mechanism (CA).

PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating TSHR-A and rapamycin enhance the induction of dendritic cell-specific immune tolerance in mice with Graves' disease.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells with multifaceted functions in controlling immune activation and tolerance. Graves' disease, particularly Graves' ophthalmopathy, is recognized as a refractory autoimmune thyroid disease. Therefore, DC-targeted therapies aimed at inducing specific immune tolerance are important for the treatment of Graves' disease.

Investigating the Variation in Leaf Traits Within the C.H. Wright Population and Its Environmental Adaptations.

Morphological and micro-morphological traits of characteristics serve as the cornerstone for species identification and taxonomy, and they also ensure the adaptive responses of species to specific environmental conditions. C.H.

Development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after a tuberculosis episode in a large, population-based cohort from Eastern China.

Background: Although smoking is considered the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a growing realization that there may be important secondary risk factors. Tuberculosis may lead to lung impairment; however, whether residual lung damage results in clinically significant, long-term outcomes, independent of smoking, has not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the association between tuberculosis and the subsequent development of COPD using a large, population-based cohort study.

UFMylation of NLRP3 Prevents Its Autophagic Degradation and Facilitates Inflammasome Activation.

NLRP3 (NOD, LRR and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is important for host defense against infections and maintaining homeostasis. Aberrant activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is closely related to various inflammatory diseases. Post-translational modifications are critical for NLRP3 inflammasome regulation.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of nimotuzumab combined with gemcitabine for K-Ras wild type locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer in China.

The phase III NOTABLE trial has revealed that nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine achieves greater clinical benefit in the first-line treating K-Ras wild type locally advanced (LA) or metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC), compared to gemcitabine. Hence, herein, we examined the cost-efficiency of introducing nimotuzumab to gemcitabine, relative to gemcitabinealone, in first-line K-Ras wild type LA or mPC therapy from a Chinese payer perspective. We generated an exhaustive decision-analytical Markov model using three exclusive health states to incorporate both clinical and economic consequences of nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine alone as first-line therapy patients with K-Ras wild type LA or mPC.

Exposure to toxic metals might accelerate aging.

Background: Biological aging (BA) trajectory can capture the characteristics of the dynamic process of aging. Although toxic metals were associated with various health effects, there was limited study of their single and joint effects on BA trajectory.

Methods: A total of 2688 community-based older adults (≥65 years) were enrolled in this study, and we measured a composite BA indicator based on 9 clinical and anthropometric measures using Klemera and Doubal methods at four time points from baseline to the last follow-up.

F-FDG PET/CT-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics combining ensemble learning for prognosis prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-center study.

Background: Radiomic models combining intratumoral with peritumoral features are potentially beneficial to enhance the predictive performance. This study aimed to identify the optimal F-FDG PET/CT-derived radiomic models for prediction of prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A total of 135 HCC patients from two institutions were retrospectively included.

Self-Powered Linear Pressure Sensor Based on MXene/CNT Nanofluid Membrane.

Ion channels, which own efficient, accurate, and selective ion transport ability, play a key role in maintaining cell homeostasis, participating in signal transduction, and other physiological processes in organisms. However, the inherent complexity and uncontrollability of ion channels in nature restrict their direct use in technical applications. In order to address the application requirements of specific fields, nanochannels have been designed to simulate and optimize the functional characteristics of biological ion channels.

Associations of waist circumference and BMI with the trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: A multi-state model.

Background And Aims: The burden of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) in hypertensive patients is substantial, and obesity may play an important role in progression of CMM. We aim to explore associations of obesity with the transition patterns from hypertension to first cardiometabolic disease (FCMD), CMM, and death.

Methods And Results: 21 286 hypertensive patients over 40 were enrolled in Yinzhou Health Information System from 2010 to 2015, followed until June 30, 2022.

The level of endogenous brassinosteroid regulated by CYP90C1 is associated with tetraploid birch (Betula pendula) leaf morphology variations.

Polyploid plants typically exhibit phenotypes distinct from diploids. Understanding the mechanism underlying plant polyploid phenotype variation is a critical prerequisite for effectively utilizing polyploid resources. In this study, we induced and obtained autotetraploid birch along with its diploid parent.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward vitiligo among vitiligo patients: a mediation analysis.

Knowing provoking factors of vitiligo progression and how to avoid them is essential to the successful self-management of vitiligo. Cultivating a positive attitude is also essential to avoid focusing on the negative aspects of the disease and to fuel proactive practice. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of vitiligo patients and identify related factors.

The miR-6779/XIAP axis alleviates IL-1β-induced chondrocyte senescence and extracellular matrix loss in osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a long-term degenerative joint disease worsening over time. Aging and chondrocyte senescence contribute to OA progression. MicroRNAs have been confirmed to regulate different cellular processes.

The novel role of LCK and other PcDEGs in the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis: Insights from bioinformatic identification and experimental validation.

Background: Programmed cell death (PCD) has emerged as a pivotal progress in pathogenesis of sepsis, but its role in identification of sepsis has not been fully understood.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the GEO database. PCD-related genes were intersected with DEGs, and key PcDEGs were identified through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network.

Ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits the uptake of cystine through SLC7A11 and impairs synthesis of glutathione.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a naturally occurring, low-toxicity, and hydrophilic bile acid (BA) in the human body that is converted by intestinal flora using primary BA. Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) functions to uptake extracellular cystine in exchange for glutamate, and is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) refers to liposarcoma originating from the retroperitoneal area.

The role of miRNAs in the associations between particulate matter and ischemic stroke: A nested case-control study.

Epidemiological studies have reported that atmospheric particulate matter (PM) contributes to ischemic stroke (IS). Biological studies also indicated that the pathway where PM induces IS involves several pathological processes. Moreover, exposure to PM can alter the expression of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) and ultimately accelerate the onset of IS by regulating related pathways.

A Ralstonia effector RipAU impairs peanut AhSBT1.7 immunity for pathogenicity via AhPME-mediated cell wall degradation.

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating disease affecting a great many crops including peanut. The pathogen damages plants via secreting type Ш effector proteins (T3Es) into hosts for pathogenicity. Here, we characterized RipAU was among the most toxic effectors as ΔRipAU completely lost its pathogenicity to peanuts.

Dynamic high-pressure microfluidization for the extraction and processing of polysaccharides: a focus on some foods and by-products.

Dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (DHPM) is an emerging treatment technology and has been widely used for the recovery of natural polysaccharides. The aim of the present contribution is to discuss the DHPM-assisted extraction and processing of polysaccharides from some foods and by-products by reviewing the instrument and working principle, procedures, key parameters, and effects of DHPM on the structures, food properties, and bioactivities of resulting polysaccharides. It was found that a DHPM instrument with Z-type chamber is preferable for extracting polysaccharides, and a DHPM with Y-type chamber is applicable for processing polysaccharides.

The ant that may well destroy a whole dam: a systematic review of the health implication of nanoplastics/microplastics through gut microbiota.

Since the widespread usage of plastic materials and inadequate handling of plastic debris, nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) have become global hazards. Recent studies prove that NPs/MPs can induce various toxicities in organisms, with these adverse effects closely related to gut microbiota changes. This review thoroughly summarized the interactions between NPs/MPs and gut microbiota in various hosts, speculated on the potential factors affecting these interactions, and outlined the impacts on hosts' health caused by NPs/MPs exposure and gut microbiota dysbiosis.