Comparison of riboflavin-derived flavinium salts applied to catalytic HO oxidations.

A series of flavinium salts, 5-ethylisoalloxazinium, 5-ethylalloxazinium, and 1,10-ethylene-bridged alloxazinium triflates, were prepared from commercially available riboflavin. This study presents a comparison between their optical and redox properties, and their catalytic activity in H2O2 oxidations of sulfide, tertiary amine, and cyclobutanone. Reflecting the difference between the π-conjugated ring structures, the flavinium salts displayed very different redox properties, with reduction potentials in the order of: 5-ethylisoalloxazinium > 5-ethylalloxazinium > 1,10-ethylene-bridged alloxazinium.

Evaluation of mastoid obliteration surgery.

The anatomic results of mastoid obliteration surgery on 54 ears during the past 10 years were analyzed, and the comparative utility of several materials for obliteration was evaluated. Thirty-three ears had primary chronic otitis media with or without cholesteatoma (group 1), and 21 ears had old open mastoid with intractable chronic discharge due to incomplete epithelialization (group 2). The materials used for obliteration were biologic (pedicled muscle flap, autogenous bone chips, tragal cartilage with perichondrium, allograft dura), nonbiologic (hydroxyapatite), or a combination of two of these materials.

Cytochemical study of ouabain-sensitive, K(+)-dependent p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity in guinea pig facial nerve.

The localization of ouabain-sensitive, K(+)-dependent p-nitrophenylphosphatase (K-NPPase) activity, the second dephosphorylative property of the Na-K adenosine triphosphatase complex, was cytochemically studied in the intra-temporal portion of the facial nerve in normal guinea pigs using a cerium-based method. A fine-granular reaction product of the K-NPPase activity was observed on the cytoplasmic side of the axolemma of the axon cylinder, of the incisures of Schmidt-Lanterman, and of the nodes of Ranvier. No reaction product was detected on the periaxonal and outermost plasma membrane of Schwann cells and in the myelin sheath.

Developmental anomaly of the process of Folius.

We present four cases of an ossicular anomaly considered to consist of an abnormality of the anterior process and manubrium mallei (malleus handle). In one case, a thick bony bar was found extending from the neck of the malleus which fused with the posterior bony wall or the tympanic bone. No trace of the short process and umbo of the malleus was recognized.

Hemorrhage from spontaneous rupture of a parathyroid adenoma (a case report).

A case of extracapsular hemorrhage from spontaneous rupture of a parathyroid adenoma is reported. In the case presented here, adenoma was revealed by a sudden onset of a huge ecchymosis and hematoma of the entire anterior neck and right chest, causing recurrent nerve paresis. These cases of hemorrhage from rupture of silent parathyroid adenoma mimicking a dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm are discussed.

Dermoid cyst in the middle ear.

A case of a moderate essentially low tone unilateral conductive hearing loss without a previous history of secretory otitis media in a six-year-old female patient is described. The condition was found to be due to a dermoid cyst in the tympanic cavity, which was confirmed by pathological examination of the surgically removed specimen. This is the sixth documented case of dermoid cyst in the tympanic cavity.

Ultracytochemical study of ouabain-sensitive K(+)-dependent p-nitro-phenylphosphatase activity in stria vascularis of reserpinized guinea pigs.

In order to clarify the effect of reserpine on the Na(+)-K+ active transport in the stria vascularis we investigated the localization of ouabain-sensitive K(+)-dependent p-nitro-phenylphosphatase (K-NPPase) activity in the stria vascularis of reserpinized guinea pigs using the cerium-based method. The K-NPPase activity in marginal cells differed from cell to cell, and was almost completely absent in some cells. These results are consistent with the previous results and suggest that Na(+)-K+ active transport in the stria vascularis may be inhibited by reserpine administration.

The embryologic development of the human anterior nasal aperture.

During the final period of embryogenesis, the nasal pit is clearly apparent in the Carnegie stage 15 embryo, and extends backwards into the oral cavity forming the nasal sac. In the stage 19 embryo of about 7 weeks, abundant epithelial proliferation into the lumen forms the nasal meatal plug. The complete recanalization of this meatal plug occurs in the 16-17 week fetus, and not in the 24th week of fetal life as is generally accepted in textbooks on human embryology.

[A phase I study on a weekly schedule of DWA2114R].

A phase I study on a weekly schedule of DWA 2114R, a new platinum analogue, was conducted in 21 patients with various tumor types by clinical groups at 10 institutions. Nineteen of the 21 patients entered in this study were evaluable. The starting dose was 200 mg/m2 (1 n) administered intravenously for 1 hr and gradually escalated stepwise to 700 mg/m2 (3.

Animal model for ischemic facial nerve paralysis with selective vascular embolization.

An experimental model that reliably and easily produces acute ischemic facial nerve paralysis would be useful for the controlled study of treatment and to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of facial nerve palsy. Most documented models that simulate clinical facial nerve palsy cause direct damage to the nerve. We describe an experimental model for ischemic facial nerve paralysis in the cat that employs arterial block of the internal and external maxillary and posterior auricular arteries using embolizing material (Avitene).

Leiomyoblastoma of the larynx: report of a case.

Leiomyomas or benign tumors of smooth muscle origin are extremely rare in the larynx. A review of the literature revealed only 15 confirmed cases of leiomyoma, eight leiomyosarcomas, and no cases of leiomyoblastoma. An unusual case of "bizarre" laryngeal leiomyoma arising from the vocal cord, which is believed to be the first reported case in the literature is presented herein.

The embryologic development of the human external auditory meatus. Preliminary report.

During the final period of embryogenesis, a funnel-shaped tube continues medially into the mesenchymal tissue forming a curved path. Although this may sound simple, the development occurring during early fetal life is in fact very complex. At first, ectodermal cells proliferate to fill the lumen of the meatus, forming the meatal plug, and then at 10 weeks the bottom of the plug extends in a disc-like fashion, so that in the horizontal plane the meatus is boot-shaped with a narrow neck and the sole of the meatal plug spreading widely to form the future tympanic membrane medially.

A case of congenital ossicular malformation with mild auricular deformity: embryological and surgical considerations.

A case of bilateral congenital conductive deafness with mild auricular deformity is presented, and the anomalous structure deformity of the ossicles was multi-focal in this case, and a previous report indicates that ossicular malformation in the ear with congenital conductive deafness is multi-focal when the external ear is only slightly deformed. Bilateral ossicular reconstruction with replacement of the stapes yielded satisfactory results.

External septorhinoplasty in the cleft lip nose.

When the entire septum as well as the cartilaginous vault are exposed to direct vision by degloving the nasal covering, the complete extent of the deformities in cleft lip nose can be clarified. The septal cartilage is hollowed out leaving an L-shaped anterosuperior portion, whereas the intranasal structures are simultaneously altered to ensure the patency of the nasal airway. An adequate-sized piece is cut from the removed cartilage and is fitted to the anterior part of the remaining cartilage to enforce the columella, which acts as a strut to keep both lower lateral cartilages symmetrical and to create a nasal tip.

Test for otolith organs with barbecue rotation.

In the sitting position, vertical axis head rotation stimulates only the horizontal canal. In the supine position, horizontal axis rotation, so-called barbecue rotation, is a stimulus to both the horizontal canal and otolith organs. We compared dynamic otolith response to these two types of harmonic rotations in 15 normal subjects.

Subglottic plasma cell granuloma: report of a case.

A case of subglottic and tracheal plasma cell granuloma masquerading as tumor invasion by thyroid malignancy was successfully treated using CO2 laser. A 55-year-old woman with a history of inspiratory stridor of almost 10 months duration was admitted to our clinic, and examinations revealed a mass in the subglottic space and trachea obstructing the airway. CT scan findings was suggestive of tumor invasion from a thyroid gland malignancy, however, histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen showed it to be plasma cell granuloma.

Hydrogen peroxide generation by eosinophils in allergic rhinitis.

It was the aim to study the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation by eosinophils in allergic rhinitis caused by house dust which was examined in nasal secretion and peripheral blood. The concentration of H2O2 in nasal secretions was increased after nasal challenge with house dust, and subsided gradually by the increase of peroxidase activity. The population of eosinophils and H2O2 generation which was morphologically detected on the plasma membrane of eosinophils in nasal secretion, were increased with the release of eosinophil chemotactic activity after nasal challenge.

[The effect of IL-2 injection around the metastatic cervical lymphnode].

Six patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck were treated with injection of interleukin-2 (IL-2) around the metastatic cervical lymphnodes. Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) activity in peripheral blood in administration of IL-2 showed a significant high of 13.2% at effector/target (E/T) ratio 13 compared with non-administration of IL-2 showed 4.