Efficacy of galcanezumab in migraine central sensitization.

Galcanezumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway (CGRP mAb), acts peripherally due to its large size. However, recent studies have suggested that CGRP mAbs may also have a central mode of action. This study aimed to evaluate the central effects of galcanezumab on migraine central sensitization.

Treatment of hemiplegic migraine with anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies: A case series in a tertiary-care headache center.

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a subtype of migraine with aura that includes motor weakness; such headaches can be excruciating. The presence of not only headache but also aura symptoms of HM increase the burden on patients, and the treatment of HM is sometimes challenging. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway are novel migraine preventive treatments that have shown promising efficacy in patients with migraine; however, there have been no reports regarding their efficacy in HM to date.

[Unable to Work Due to Migraine for Which Tryptan is Taken 14 Times a Month or Less: How to Choose Preventive Medication].

Migraineurs often experience severe headache attacks and their quality of life is inhibited. Most migraineurs treat their headaches with acute treatment, but preventive treatment is often not chosen appropriately. Because migraine attack frequency and medication overuse are risk factors for headache progression (chronification) and medication-overuse headache, it is possible that preventive medication may also reduce risk progression.

Cranial autonomic symptoms in migraine are related to central sensitization: a prospective study of 164 migraine patients at a tertiary headache center.

Background: Cranial autonomic symptoms (CASs) during migraine attacks are reported to be quite common regardless of ethnicity. In our previous study investigating 373 migraineurs, we found that 42.4% of them had CASs.

Cranial Autonomic Symptoms of Migraine in Japan: Prospective Study of 373 Migraine Patients at a Tertiary Headache Center.

Objective: To clarify the detailed clinical characteristics of cranial autonomic symptoms (CAS) of Japanese patients with migraine and to get insight into the pathophysiological implications.

Background: Recent studies reported that CAS in migraine is causing diagnostic confusion with cluster headache or sinus headache; however, most reports have concerned Caucasians, and Asian data are scarce. The regional differences in the clinical characteristics of primary headaches between Caucasians and Asians have also been revealed recently.

[Three Japanese cases of hypnic headache].

We described three cases of hypnic headache with successful treatment by lithium carbonate or caffeine. This is the first detail report of Japanese cases. An endocrinological test and rhythm analyses of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate variability in a case suggested possible association between hypnic headache and hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction.

Increased plasma transforming growth factor-beta1 in migraine.

Background And Objectives: Migraine is characterized by the peripheral and central sensitization of pain perceptive neural systems, and neurogenic inflammation is a key step in the development of migraine headache. We focused on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), which is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine. To address the possibility of TGF-beta1 involvement in migraine, we investigated the plasma level of TGF-beta1 in patients with migraine headache during headache-free periods.

Association of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene in patients of migraine with aura.

Recently, several angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and an angiotensin II receptor blocker were demonstrated to have a clinically important prophylactic effect in migraine. ACE is one of the key enzymes in the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which modulates vascular tension and blood pressure. In humans, serum ACE levels are strongly genetically determined.

Somatosensory evoked high-frequency oscillations in migraine patients.

Objective: To explore additional evidence concerning generators of somatosensory evoked high-frequency oscillations (HFOs).

Methods: We recorded HFOs in migraine patients. Subjects were 19 healthy normal subjects and 19 migraineurs.

Population-based door-to-door survey of migraine in Japan: the Daisen study.

Objectives: To determine prevalence and characteristics of migraine in Japan, and to investigate use of medical care and whether food preference is associated with risk of migraine.

Methods: Structured questionnaires were given to all adult residents (N = 5758; 2681 men and 3077 women) in Daisen, a rural community in western Japan. Second questionnaires, specific to headache, were given to 1628 residents with headache.

[Hemicrania continua: the first Japanese case report].

A 47-year-old woman suffered from strictly unilateral headache, characterized by "jabs and jolts" and a pressing quality in temporal-parietal regions on her left side. Her headache was continuous. The pain from her headache was severe enough to prohibit her daily activities and fluctuated from moderate to severe during the daytime.

Static stabilometry in patients with migraine and tension-type headache during a headache-free period.

The vestibulospinal system was evaluated using a stabilometric method in patients with migraine and episodic tension-type headache during headache-free periods. Migraine patients often complain of dizziness or vertigo during headache attacks and some exhibit these symptoms between attacks. Computerized static stabilometry is a reliable and non-invasive technique to evaluate the equilibrium function in various diseases.