The effectiveness of integrating making every contact count into an undergraduate medical curriculum.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating Making Every Contact Count (MECC) using Healthy Conversation Skills (HCS) into an undergraduate medical curriculum and test the performance of an associated assessment.

Methods: Concepts were introduced to second year students through lectures, small group seminars, role-plays and a new Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).station.

Community immersion project to enhance medical students understanding of the health needs of the most vulnerable in the community.

Aim: A group of eight fourth year medical students formed the 'UBMS public health crew' to conduct a community immersion project within elderly ethnic minority communities. The aim of the study was to understand their health perceptions regarding influenza vaccinations and learn about the enablers and barriers in accessing the vaccination.

Methodology: Interviews were held by the students at community lunch clubs with the help of questionnaires.

Face-to-face versus online clinically integrated EBM teaching in an undergraduate medical school: a pilot study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and effectiveness of two models (face-to-face vs online teaching) of clinically integrating evidence-based medicine (EBM) teaching in an undergraduate medical school.

Design And Setting: A pilot study of face-to-face versus online EBM teaching.

Participants: This study focused on undergraduate medical students who entered the University of Buckingham Medical School MBChB course in 2016 (n=65).

Development and evaluation of a spiral model of assessing EBM competency using OSCEs in undergraduate medical education.

Background: Medical students often struggle to understand the relevance of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) to their clinical practice, yet it is a competence that all students must develop prior to graduation. Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) are a valued assessment tool to assess critical components of EBM competency, particularly different levels of mastery as they progress through the course. This study developed and evaluated EBM based OSCE stations with an aim to establish a spiral approach for EBM OSCE stations for undergraduate medical students.

The rOSCE: A remote clinical examination during COVID lockdown and beyond.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The COVID-19 pandemic has created a challenge for all medical educators.

A prospective study evaluating the integration of a multifaceted evidence-based medicine curriculum into early years in an undergraduate medical school.

Background: The importance of ensuring medical students are equipped with the skills to be able to practice evidence-based medicine (EBM) has been increasingly recognized in recent years. However, there is limited information on an effective EBM curriculum for undergraduate medical schools. This study aims to test the feasibility of integrating a multifaceted EBM curriculum in the early years of an undergraduate medical school.

A systematic review and taxonomy of tools for evaluating evidence-based medicine teaching in medical education.

Background: The importance of teaching the skills and practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM) for medical professionals has steadily grown in recent years. Alongside this growth is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of EBM curriculum as assessed by competency in the five 'A's': asking, acquiring, appraising, applying and assessing (impact and performance). EBM educators in medical education will benefit from a compendium of existing assessment tools for assessing EBM competencies in their settings.

Schwartz rounds in undergraduate medical education facilitates active reflection and individual identification of learning need.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Strategies applying Schwartz Rounds to improve wellbeing of medical students has focused on the clinical years of study.

Evaluation of a multidisciplinary Tier 3 weight management service for adults with morbid obesity, or obesity and comorbidities, based in primary care.

A multidisciplinary Tier 3 weight management service in primary care recruited patients with a body mass index ≥40 kg·m(-2) , or 30 kg·m(-2) with obesity-related co-morbidity to a 1-year programme. A cohort of 230 participants was recruited and evaluated using the National Obesity Observatory Standard Evaluation Framework. The primary outcome was weight loss of at least 5% of baseline weight at 12 months.

Do referral-management schemes reduce hospital outpatient attendances? Time-series evaluation of primary care referral management.

Background: Ninety-one per cent of primary care trusts were using some form of referral management in 2009, although evidence for its effectiveness is limited.

Aim: To assess the impact of three referral-management centres (RMCs) and two internal peer-review approaches to referral management on hospital outpatient attendance rates.

Design And Setting: A retrospective time-series analysis of 376 000 outpatient attendances over 3 years from 85 practices divided into five groups, with 714 000 registered patients in one English primary care trust.

Use of haemoglobin A1c to detect impaired fasting glucose or Type 2 diabetes in a United Kingdom community based population.

Aims: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in screening for impaired fasting glucose and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: We screened 3904 adults aged 45-70 (mean age 58.6 [standard deviation (SD) 6.

Assessing the impact of attrition in randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: A survey of randomized controlled trials found that almost a quarter of trials had more than 10% of responses missing for the primary outcome. There are a number of ways in which data could be missing: the subject is unable to provide it, or they withdraw, or become lost to follow-up. Such attrition means that balance in baseline characteristics for those randomized may not be maintained in the subsample who has outcome data.

Eosinophil adhesion to cholinergic nerves via ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and associated eosinophil degranulation.

In vivo, eosinophils localize to airway cholinergic nerves in antigen-challenged animals, and inhibition of this localization prevents antigen-induced hyperreactivity. In this study, the mechanism of eosinophil localization to nerves was investigated by examining adhesion molecule expression by cholinergic nerves. Immunohistochemical and functional studies demonstrated that primary cultures of parasympathetic nerves express vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and after cytokine pretreatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).

Glucocorticoid treatment increases inhibitory m(2) muscarinic receptor expression and function in the airways.

M(2) muscarinic receptors on parasympathetic nerve endings inhibit acetylcholine release in the airways. In this study, the effects of dexamethasone on M(2) receptors in vivo and in primary cultures of airway parasympathetic neurons were tested. Treating guinea pigs with dexamethasone (0.

Expression of bcl-2 Protein in Breast Carcinoma with Correlation to Expression of p53 Protein and Clinicopathological Factors.

Expression of bcl-2 gene product was examined in 204 breast carcinomas in order to ascertain its clinicopathological significance. The bcl-2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded tissue sections and its presence was confirmed by Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates. A strong positive correlation was noted among expression of bcl-2 protein in carcinoma cells, positivity of progesterone receptor (PR) and expression of p53 protein.