Impact of irrigation, fertilizer, and pesticide management practices on groundwater and soil health in the rice-wheat cropping system-a comparison of conventional, resource conservation technologies and conservation agriculture.

Agricultural intensification in the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain (NWIGP), a critical food bowl supporting millions of people, is leading to groundwater depletion and soil health degradation. This is primarily driven by conventional cultivation practices in the rice-wheat (RW) cropping system, which dominates over 85% of the IGP. Therefore, this study presents a systematic literature review of input management in the RW system, analyzes district-wise trends, outlines the current status, identifies problems, and proposes sustainable management options to achieve development goals.

The role of very low-dose prophylaxis in severe hemophilia patients.

Introduction: Very low-dose prophylaxis of antihemophilic factor (AHF) in hemophilia involves administration of minimal amounts of clotting factor concentrates, typically below standard doses, to maintain baseline levels and reduce bleeding episodes. This method uses smaller, more frequent doses to balance bleeding prevention and cost-effectiveness. Close monitoring ensures adequate protection while avoiding overtreatment, offering a tailored, cost-effective approach to improve the quality of life (QoL) of the hemophiliacs.

Sorcin: mechanisms of action in cancer hallmarks, drug resistance and opportunities in therapeutics.

Soluble resistant related calcium binding protein (Sorcin) plays an important role in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and multidrug resistance. Differential expression of Sorcin across different cancers significantly correlates with key clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes, underscoring its potential as a prognostic marker. Its involvement in drug-resistant cancers further advert Sorcin as a promising therapeutic target.

Analysis of historical data to accelerate deletion of Abnormal Toxicity Test requirement for biologicals and vaccines.

Abnormal Toxicity Test (ATT) is performed as quality control test by manufacturers and National Control Laboratory (NCL) to ensure safety of biologicals. However, stakeholders are in general consensus that extraneous toxic contaminations are extremely unlikely where Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and consistent production have been established. This test requiring mice and guinea pigs is still a regulatory requirement for the batch release of biologicals in several countries although it has been deleted by some National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) and Pharmacopoeias while some are still working on its elimination.

Design and Synthesis of Propargyloxy Functionalized Pyrazole-Based Aurones: Exploring Their Potent Anticancer Properties Against AGS and MCF-7 Cell Lines.

FDA-approved numerous commercial and natural drugs used in cancer treatment feature either pyrazole or alkyne moieties. On the basis of this, we designed and synthesized 20 novel propargyloxy-substituted pyrazole-based aurones (10a-j and 11a-j) and evaluated for their anticancer potential against cancerous MCF-7 and human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell lines, as well as normal cell line human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293), through MTT assay. Among these tested compounds, five (10d-f, 11e, and 11f) displayed potent cytotoxic properties for AGS cancer cell line with IC values ranging from 19.

Assessment of visual impairment and need of rehabilitation services for children attending schools for blind in an urban city of North India.

Background/aims: By understanding the prevalence and causes of childhood blindness, stakeholders can work toward comprehensive strategies that encompass prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and support, ultimately improving the quality of life for affected children. The information about the pattern and causes of childhood blindness in Northern Indian states is limited, it highlights the need for further research and data collection to better understand and address the specific challenges in this region. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study was planned to ascertain the different causes and patterns of childhood blindness and to understand the barriers to the use of LVAs and its compliance among the students attending schools for the blind in a North Indian State.

DETERMINANTS ASSOCIATED WITH BLOOD LIPID LEVEL AMONG STUDENTS AND EMPLOYEES WORKING IN UNIVERSITY OF THAILAND.

Background: Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are considered as major public health threats and contributes a high burden of diseases on health system of Thailand. Around 74% of deaths occur due to NCDs, and more than 40,000 people die annually in Thailand due to this problem. Objectives of the study were to know the blood lipid level and its determinants among university students and employees of Thailand.

Development of high-fiber and high-protein virgin coconut oil-based spread and its physico-chemical, and sensory qualities.

Unlabelled: A spread was prepared using blends of virgin coconut oil (VCO), trans-free fat (TFF), whey powder, coconut fiber, emulsifiers, and flavors. Curcumin was added in micro quantities to provide a natural color. The samples formulated were tested for their spreadability, texture, and phase separation.

A precision randomized trial to evaluate the impact of tailored hepatitis C treatment adherence support on HCV treatment outcomes among people who inject drugs in India: Design and Baseline Characteristics of the STOP-C Trial.

Efforts to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health problem must include people who inject drugs (PWID). We describe the design and baseline characteristics of the Supporting Treatment Outcomes among PWID (STOP-C) trial which evaluates whether HCV treatment outcomes in PWID can be optimized by tailoring treatment support in 7 PWID-focused integrated HIV/HCV prevention/treatment centers. The design is a 3-arm, individual-level precision-randomized trial.

Social media content analysis for nutraceuticals and glaucoma.

Aim: Google and various social media platforms have content on the therapeutic potential of nutritional supplements for glaucoma, but whether that information is evidence-based has not been analyzed. The current study explores such content for its quality.

Methodology: Criteria of search used were "glaucoma" and "vitamins" or "nutraceuticals" or "nutritional supplements".

Appropriateness and readability of Google Bard and ChatGPT-3.5 generated responses for surgical treatment of glaucoma.

Aim: To evaluate the appropriateness and readability of the medical knowledge provided by ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Bard, artificial-intelligence-powered conversational search engines, regarding surgical treatment for glaucoma.

Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, 25 common questions related to the surgical management of glaucoma were asked on ChatGPT-3.

Identification of DLK1, a Notch ligand, as an immunotherapeutic target and regulator of tumor cell plasticity and chemoresistance in adrenocortical carcinoma.

Immunotherapeutic targeting of cell surface proteins is an increasingly effective cancer therapy. However, given the limited number of current targets, the identification of new surface proteins, particularly those with biological importance, is critical. Here, we uncover delta-like non-canonical Notch ligand 1 (DLK1) as a cell surface protein with limited normal tissue expression and high expression in multiple refractory adult metastatic cancers including small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare cancer with few effective therapies.

Metastatic organotropism in small cell lung cancer.

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, yet its regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most metastatic form of lung cancer, with most patients presenting with widespread disease, making it an ideal model for studying metastasis. However, the lack of suitable preclinical models has limited such studies.

SNRK regulates TGFβ levels in atria to control cardiac fibrosis.

Atrial fibrosis is central to the pathology of heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Identifying precise mechanisms underlying atrial fibrosis will provide effective strategies for clinical intervention. This study investigates a metabolic serine threonine kinase gene, that we previously reported to control cardiac metabolism and function.

Effectiveness of mental health literacy intervention and contact-based education on knowledge, attitude, and stigma towards mental health among secondary school students in Chennai, South India: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Global trends indicate a rise in mental health disorders among youth, prompting need for effective interventions. Mental health literacy interventions have demonstrated benefits such as improved knowledge, treatment understanding, help-seeking behaviors, and stigma reduction. This study aimed to assess the impact of a comprehensive mental health literacy program on knowledge, attitudes, and stigma related to mental health among secondary school students in Chennai.

Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Studies of Some Novel Arylidene-Hydrazinyl-Thiazoles as Anticancer and Apoptosis-Inducing Agents.

Cancer, defined by uncontrolled cell growth, poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of new anticancer drugs crucial to address drug resistance, side effects, and the need for combination therapies. The study presents the design, synthesis, and anticancer screening of a series of novel functionalized arylidene-hydrazinyl-thiazoles against various human cancer cell lines. The environmentally benign synthetic protocol involves the visible-light prompted, NBS-mediated domino reaction of thiosemicarbazide, heteroaryl aldehydes, and unsymmetrical 1,3-diketones.

Royal jelly a promising therapeutic intervention and functional food supplement: A systematic review.

Royal jelly (RJ), a secretion produced by honeybees, has garnered significant interest for its potential as a therapeutic intervention and functional food supplement. This systematic review aims to synthesize current research on the health benefits, bioactive components, and mechanisms of action of RJ. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published from 2000 to 2024 (April).

Immature platelet fraction in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Background: The recent pandemic caused by the newly identified virus, SARS-Cov-2 is associated with thromboembolic events. Patients infected with COVID-19 have been found to have thrombocytopenia. A decrease in platelet count may be caused by increased destruction and consumption of platelets or by decreased production of platelets in the bone marrow.