Comparison of Virosome vs. Liposome as drug delivery vehicle using HepG2 and CaCo2 cell lines.

Aim: The present work involves encapsulation of herbal drug nanocurcumin into the virosomes and compared with a liposome in terms of their in vitro anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-migratory efficacy.

Methods: The anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-migratory efficacy of virosome and liposome were compared in HepG2 and CaCo2 cells by using MTT, Nitric oxide scavenging, and Wound healing assay, respectively.

Results: Size of the optimised NC-Virosome and NC-Liposome was 70.

Neuroprotective Potential of Ellagic Acid: A Critical Review.

Ellagic acid (EA) is a dietary polyphenol present in various fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts. It exists either independently or as part of complex structures, such as ellagitannins, which release EA and several other metabolites including urolithins following absorption. During the past few decades, EA has drawn considerable attention because of its vast range of biological activities as well as its numerous molecular targets.

Genome wide association mapping for heat tolerance in sub-tropical maize.

Background: Heat tolerance is becoming increasingly important where maize is grown under spring season in India which coincide with grain filling stage of crop resulting in tassel blast, reduced pollen viability, pollination failure and barren ears that causes devastating yield losses. So, there is need to identify the genomic regions associated with heat tolerance component traits which could be further employed in maize breeding program.

Results: An association mapping panel, consisting of 662 doubled haploid (DH) lines, was evaluated for yield contributing traits under normal and natural heat stress conditions.

Intestinal Lymphangiectasia Associated With Refractory Ascites in a Cirrhosis Patient.

Lymphatic systems play a very important role in the body fluid homeostasis by interstitial fluid reabsorption. Lymphatic dysfunctions are common in patients with advanced cirrhosis, contributing to ascites and lymphedema. An unusual manifestation of lymphatic dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis is intestinal lymphangiectasia.

An Unusual Postoperative Complication of Retrosternal Gastric Pull-Up for Corrosive Esophageal Stricture.

Retrosternal gastric pull-up with side-to-side esophagogastric anastomosis is the surgery done for corrosive esophageal stricture unresponsive to endoscopic dilatation. This surgery is considered safe in terms of morbidity. Complications due to leak from distal esophageal staple line as a result of partially patent bypassed esophageal lumen have never been reported with this surgery.

Outcome of Conservative Therapy in Coronavirus disease-2019 Patients Presenting With Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Background/objective: There is a paucity of data on the management of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with Coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) amid concerns about the risk of transmission during endoscopic procedures. We aimed to study the outcomes of conservative treatment for GI bleeding in patients with COVID-19.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, 24 of 1342 (1.

Caesarian-sections and early initiation of breast-feeding practices in tertiary care hospitals of Islamabad.

Objective: To assess the effect of caesarean section and factors influencing early initiation of breastfeeding by mothers.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakistan Institute Of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, and Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, from November 2016 to January 2017, and comprised women who had given birth through caesarean section. Data was collected using a standardised questionnaire which was modified accordingly.

Preparation and characterization of nanocurcumin based hybrid virosomes as a drug delivery vehicle with enhanced anticancerous activity and reduced toxicity.

The present study represents a formulation of nanocurcumin based hybrid virosomes (NC-virosome) to deliver drugs at targeted sites. Curcumin is a bioactive component derived from Curcuma longa and well-known for its medicinal property, but it exhibits poor solubility and rapid metabolism, which led to low bioavailability and hence limits its applications. Nanocurcumin was prepared to increase the aqueous solubility and to overcome all the limitations associated with curcumin.

Ischemic jejunal stricture in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction.

Ischemic jejunal stricture due to mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT) rarely occurs in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO). This is because the thrombus often occludes only a short segment of superior mesenteric vein adjacent to splenoportal confluence, facilitating development of collateral veins that protect bowel from ischemia. However, ischemic strictures can develop when the thrombus involves jejunal veins, venous arcades or vasa recta.

Role of Host-Mediated Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) in RNA Virus Pathogenesis.

Being opportunistic intracellular pathogens, viruses are dependent on the host for their replication. They hijack host cellular machinery for their replication and survival by targeting crucial cellular physiological pathways, including transcription, translation, immune pathways, and apoptosis. Immediately after translation, the host and viral proteins undergo a process called post-translational modification (PTM).

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of and its bioactive component ellagic acid against diclofenac induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.

Long term usage and overdose of diclofenac (DCF), an anti-inflammatory drug is known to cause oxidative stress and liver injury. The present study reports the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of (Tb) fruit aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts and its bioactive compound ellagic acid (EA) against DCF-induced toxicity. antioxidant activities were measured by ABTS and FRAP assays while anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by the albumin denaturation method.

Quantitative structure activity relationship studies of novel hydrazone derivatives as α-amylase inhibitors with index of ideality of correlation.

The present manuscript describes the synthesis, -amylase inhibition, studies and in-depth quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of a library of aroyl hydrazones based on benzothiazole skeleton. All the compounds of the developed library are characterized by various spectral techniques. -Amylase inhibitory potential of all compounds has been explored, where compound exhibits remarkable -amylase inhibition of 87.

Harnessing the power of electrophoresis and chromatography: Offline coupling of reverse phase liquid chromatography-capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry for analysis of host cell proteins in monoclonal antibody producing CHO cell line.

Host cell proteins (HCPs) are widely regarded as a critical quality attribute for a biotherapeutic product. Bottom up MS is the present gold standard for HCP analysis but suffers from incomplete protein identification due to complex nature of the HCP mixture and limited separation efficiency of the preceding LC-based systems. In this paper, we present for the first time an application involving use of LC-CE-MS/MS platform for analysis of HCPs.

Development of Novel Genomic Simple Sequence Repeat (g-SSR) Markers and Their Validation for Genetic Diversity Analyses in Kalmegh [ (Burm. F.) Nees].

Kalmegh ( (Burm. F.) Nees) is one of the most important medicinal plants and has been widely explored as traditional medicine.

Mechanisms of Colorectal Cancer Prevention by Aspirin-A Literature Review and Perspective on the Role of COX-Dependent and -Independent Pathways.

Aspirin, synthesized and marketed in 1897 by Bayer, is one of the most widely used drugs in the world. It has a well-recognized role in decreasing inflammation, pain and fever, and in the prevention of thrombotic cardiovascular diseases. Its anti-inflammatory and cardio-protective actions have been well studied and occur through inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX).

FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase score in an Asian cohort of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its utility in predicting histological resolution with bariatric surgery.

Background And Aim: The FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase (FAST) score was developed for identifying patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, who also have an elevated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) ≥ 4 and significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2). We aimed to validate it in our NAFLD cohort and assess if it correlates with the histological changes after bariatric surgery.

Methods: Patients with NAFLD, including those undergoing bariatric surgery, were included.

Determinants Of Eating Habits And Physical Activity Among Female Students Of Government Schools Of Urban City Of Pakistan.

Background: Obesity is constantly increasing among adolescents since the last few decades becoming an alarming situation worldwide. The objective of this study was to know the determinants of eating habits and physical activities among school-going female adolescents of public sectors schools of Rawalpindi Pakistan.

Methods: A cross sectional study with mixed method with both quantitative and qualitative approach was conducted on three public sector schools of Rawalpindi Pakistan.

Unraveling the antisolvent dripping delay effect on the Stranski-Krastanov growth of CHNHPbBr thin films: a facile route for preparing a textured morphology with improved optoelectronic properties.

Inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite materials have been a topic of interest for the last few years due to their superior optoelectronic properties. However, the optical properties of perovskite materials are strongly dependent on the film morphology. A textured film morphology is expected to have higher light absorption as well as light out-coupling efficiency compared to a smooth film.

Spur Cells Causing Severe and Transfusion-Refractory Anemia in Patients With Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by acute decompensation of chronic liver disease associated with organ failures. Anemia of diverse etiology is common in patients with ACLF. Spur cell anemia (SCA) is a form of acquired hemolytic anemia that occurs rarely in such patients due to dysregulated lipids metabolism.

Persistent or incident hyperammonemia is associated with poor outcomes in acute decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Background And Aim: The effect of elevated ammonia on organ failures (OF), apart from hepatic encephalopathy, in patients with acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is unclear. We aimed to assess the effect of persistent or incident hyperammonemia on OF and outcomes in patients with AD and ACLF.

Methods: A total of 229 patients with ACLF and 83 with AD were included.

Proximal Splenorenal Shunt Surgery for Bleeding Gastric Varices in Non-Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension.

Background The optimal management of gastric variceal bleeding in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) is debatable due to the lack of data from large randomized controlled trials. Here we present our experience on proximal splenorenal shunt (PSRS) surgery in NCPH patients with bleeding gastric varices. Methods Over a five-year period, a total of 25 PSRS surgeries were performed and data was collected prospectively.