Rates and outcomes of testing for lynch syndrome in a national colorectal cancer screening programme.

Background: Lynch Syndrome (LS), the most common cause of hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC), is characterised by pathogenic variants in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Universal testing of all CRCs for LS can increase detection. Rates and outcomes of testing in Ireland's national CRC screening programme have not been examined previously.

Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients attending an acute hospital ambulatory assessment unit.

To describe the factors associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in mild-to-moderate patients attending for assessment. This observational study was conducted in a Model 4 tertiary referral center in Ireland. All patients referred for SARS-CoV-2 assessment over a 4-week period were included.

Cathodic polarization enables SEM illustration of manganese biomineralization in natural biofilms.

Manganese biomineralization occurred readily on metal surfaces in a natural freshwater environment. SEM demonstration of actual bacterial participation was challenging due to the rapidity of biofilm growth and typical microbe-mineral agglomeration. By optimizing cathodic polarization, we slowed down the process so effectually as to document biomineralization by rod-shaped rather than by filamentous bacteria which occurred more frequently at open circuit.

Adherence to European Polypectomy Guidelines: Retrospective Experience from a Tertiary Irish Hospital.

Background And Study Aim: The European guidelines for colorectal cancer screening state that snare resection should remove any polyps ≥5 mm. This study aimed to investigate if these new guidelines are adhered to in clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: This study consists of patients who underwent colonoscopies in Tallaght Hospital, Dublin (AMNCH), between 2012 and 2015.

Speech and Swallowing Function Outcome Following Early Tracheostomy in Patients Who Underwent Neurosurgical Intervention.

Background: Evaluation of late-onset speech and swallowing complications of tracheostomy on neurotrauma cases, as the most common intensive care unit procedure, needs to be evaluated.

Objectives: A prospective study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital to find the late-onset speech and swallowing complications of tracheostomy in neurotrauma cases.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the intensive care unit on intubated patients needing elective tracheostomy at a tertiary care teaching institute in South India with a dedicated referral trauma center.

Status of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Matrix Gla Protein Gene (rs4236) in Nephrolithiasis: A Preliminary Study in Indian Population.

Background: Urine is a supersaturated solution with solutes in very high concentration. Matrix gla protein (MGP) is one of the proteins involved in inhibition of extracellular calcification. Among the various polymorphisms studied, polymorphism of SNP rs4236 in the MGP gene is found to have association with nephrolithiasis.

Cranioplasty Using Autoclaved Autologous Skull Bone Flaps Preserved at Ambient Temperature.

Context: Decompressive craniectomy followed by cranioplasty (CP) uses autologous craniectomy flaps or synthetic materials like titanium. Sterilization and preservation methods for the autologous bone flaps continue to be the surgeon's choice.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the short-term as well as long-term clinical outcomes of CP using autoclaved autologous bone grafts.

Long term stability following genioplasty: a cephalometric study.

Background: A receding chin associated with an orthognathic mandible is a common situation and surgical changes in chin position are often required to improve the overall harmony of the face. Genioplasty is one such procedure. Stability of hard and soft tissue changes following genioplasty on a long term basis needs to be assessed.

Giant submucosal lipomatous polyp causing perforation of sigmoid colon: a case report and review of literature.

Colonic lipomas are rare benign tumours that are usually asymptomatic. Large colonic lipomas can present with symptoms such as constipation, abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum, and intussusception. We report the case of an 82-year-old man presenting with sudden onset lower abdomen pain and features of peritonitis.

Evaluation of clinical and cytogenetic parameters in rheumatoid arthritis patients for effective diagnosis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is the commonest inflammatory joint disease, affecting nearly 1% of the adult population worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have become increasingly important. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the relationships between hematological, biochemical, immunological and cytogenetic parameters in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy normal controls.

Genotoxicity assessment in smokeless tobacco users: a case-control study.

India has a long history of tobacco, which includes chewing tobacco and smoking tobacco in various forms. Initially, the smokeless tobacco chewing habit was seen among the majority of the farmers who cultivated tobacco; but in recent years, smokeless tobacco is available in many forms and is cheaper as well and hence it is widely being used among literate and illiterate people. The subjects of our study are living in hilly regions of Yerkaud in Salem district, South India.

No association between the Trp53 codon 72 polymorphism and head and neck cancer: a case-control study in a South Indian population.

Genetic polymorphisms are important for predispositions to several human cancers. In the tumour suppressor Trp53 gene, a codon 72 polymorphism is frequent in the form of a single nucleotide polymorphism that leads to substitution of an arginine for a proline. In the present study, we analysed the association of Trp53 codon 72 polymorphs with head and neck cancer through a case-control study approach with PCR-RFLP of DNA from blood of 47 clinically confirmed patients and 52 healthy controls.

Evaluation of chromosome aberrations in subjects exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in Tamilnadu, India.

Numerous expert panels have concluded that there is sufficient evidence to classify involuntary smoking (or passive smoking) as carcinogenic to humans. The aim of this study is to establish whether passive smoking increases the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes compared to controls in Tamil Nadu, India. In the present study, CA increased with an increase in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and active smoke exposure period in passive smokers quantified on the basis of serum cotinine levels.