Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Leptospirosis in High-Risk Occupational Groups in the State of Gujarat as Determined by IgM ELISA and MAT Test: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Leptospirosis is a reemerging zoonosis affecting humans and animals worldwide in tropical and subtropical countries. The study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in high-risk occupational groups (cattle farm workers, poultry farm workers, and slaughterhouse workers) in the state of Gujarat and to determine related risk factors for leptospirosis.

Methods: Using an interview-guided questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 123 people in high-risk occupational groups (namely, cattle farm workers, poultry farm workers, and slaughterhouse workers) from five districts of the state of Gujarat, India.

A Comparative Study of Wound Infections Following Wound Closure Using Staples and Absorbable Sutures Among Obese Patients Undergoing Lumbar Fusion Surgery.

Background Infections of the wounds, organs, or spaces that develop following surgery are known as surgical site infections (SSIs). The incidence of wound infections in obese patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery with the use of absorbable sutures versus staples for skin closure has not been studied previously. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective observational study in our hospital where cases of lumbar spine surgery meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen retrospectively from March 2021 to March 2023.

Mapping serogroup distribution and seroprevalence of leptospirosis in livestock of Assam, Northeastern State of India: Unveiling uncommon Leptospira serogroups.

Leptospirosis is a significant zoonotic disease affecting livestock, leading to reproductive issues and economic losses. Despite its endemic status in India, research has predominantly focused on coastal regions, leaving the North Eastern Region (NER) underexplored. This study aims to investigate the seroprevalence and serogroup distribution of leptospirosis in livestock across Assam, a major state in the North Eastern Region (NER) of India.

Post-Vaccination Sero-Monitoring of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Sheep and Goats in Karnataka: Progress towards PPR Eradication in India.

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) presents economic challenges in enzootic countries impacting small ruminant productivity. The state of Karnataka, India, implemented a mass vaccination campaign in alignment with the PPR-Global Eradication Programme (GEP) and the National Strategic Plan for PPR eradication. This study was conducted from January to March 2023 to assess seroconversion in post-vaccinated goats and sheep at the epidemiological unit (epi-unit) level, aligning with the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines in the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy (GCES).

MyeloDB: a multi-omics resource for multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common type of blood cancer affecting plasma cells originating from the lymphoid B-cell lineage. It accounts for about 10% of all hematological malignancies and can cause significant end-organ damage. The emergence of genomic technologies such as next-generation sequencing and gene expression analysis has opened new possibilities for early detection of multiple myeloma and identification of personalized treatment options.

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of leptospirosis in bovine dairy farms in Telangana state, India.

The current cross-sectional study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira infection in bovine dairy farms in the Telangana state of India, as well as the associated risk factors, in order to implement effective preventive measures for disease control. A total of 469 blood samples were collected from 67 herds/farms in different areas, covering 20 administrative districts in the state. These samples consisted of 253 from cattle and 216 from buffaloes.

Functional Outcome of Pediatric Subtrochanteric Fractures Treated With a Titanium Elastic Nailing System (TENS) Versus Plating.

Introduction Uncertainty exists regarding the ideal course of therapy for subtrochanteric fractures in children of intermediate age. These fractures are challenging to treat, with scarce literature-based evidence to support a definitive implant. The ideal course of treatment should consider the patient's weight, age, femoral canal size, associated injuries, fracture stability, and surgeon's experience.

Evaluation of the Functional Outcome of Both Bone Forearm Fractures in the Pediatric Population With the Titanium Elastic Nailing System in a Tertiary Care Center.

Background Forearm fractures are one of the most common injuries in the pediatric population. Diaphyseal fractures of the forearm, in particular, are among the most common injuries treated in the pediatric population. The incidence of both bone forearm fractures has increased in the past decade.

Null genotypes of Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 and risk of oral cancer: A meta-analysis.

Background: Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and Glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null genotypes have been considered risk factors for many cancers. Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the association of null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 with increased susceptibility to oral cancers, and these have produced inconsistent and inconclusive results. In the present study, the possible association of oral cancer(OC) with GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes was explored by a meta analysis.

Potential diagnostic application of the baculovirus-expressed recombinant truncated nucleocapsid protein of peste des petits ruminants virus in ELISA.

The study describes the expression of recombinant truncated nucleocapsid protein (NP) of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in the baculovirus system (PPRV-rBNP) and its potential application as a diagnostic antigen in ELISA for diagnosis of PPR in sheep and goats. The PPRV N-terminal immunogenic region (1-266 aa) of the NP coding sequence was amplified and cloned into the pFastBac HT A vector. The PPRV-rBNP with a molecular weight of ∼30 kDa was expressed in an insect cell system using generated recombinant baculovirus through Bac-to-Bac® Baculovirus Expression System.

Towards Eradication of PPR: Disease Status, Economic Cost and Perception of Veterinarians in Karnataka, India.

In this study, we assessed the PPR disease status, its economic cost, the financial viability of vaccination, and the perspectives of field veterinarians on the PPR vaccination programme implemented in Karnataka state, India. In addition to secondary data, cross-sectional surveys undertaken during 2016-17 (survey I) and 2018-19 (survey II) from 673 sheep and goat flocks and data collected from 62 veterinarians were analysed. The economic costs and perceptions of veterinarians were analysed using deterministic models and the Likert scale, respectively, and the financial viability of vaccination programmes under the best (15%), base (20%), and worst-case (25%) PPR incidence scenarios, considering two different vaccination plans (plan I and plan II), was assessed.

Functional Outcome of Distal Humerus Fractures Treated With Open Reduction and Internal Fixation With Bicolumnar Plating in a Tertiary Care Setting.

Introduction Fractures of the distal humerus in the adult comprise approximately one-third of all humeral fractures. Over the past 20 years, nonoperative treatment for these fractures has been substituted by anatomic reduction and internal fixation based on the Association for Osteosynthesis (AO)/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (ASIF) philosophy of plate fixation which resulted in early mobilization and superior performance. Pre-contoured, anatomically designed locking plates are anticipated to offer sufficient stability, permit early elbow range of motion, and safeguard the soft tissue.

Prevalence of spp., and associated antibodies in dairy cattle with reproductive disorders.

Background And Aim: In cattle dairy farms, abortions and other reproductive problems due to major infectious diseases are overlooked, and identifying their causative agents is very challenging without a confirmatory diagnosis. Further, a prevalence study in animals will provide important hints of pathogen reservoirs and provide necessary direction to disease burden with appropriate control and biosecurity measures at the farm level. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of antibodies in dairy cattle associated with reproductive problems along with coexisting antibodies against abortifacient zoonotic ( and spp.

Assessment of post-vaccination immune response to peste des petits ruminants virus in small ruminants in the central and western regions of India.

Unlabelled: The cross-sectional serosurvey for post-vaccination assessment of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus (PPRV) antibodies in sheep and goats was carried out in different states in the central and western regions of India after the implementation of vaccination under the PPR control programme. The serum samples (n = 4687) were collected from sheep (n = 1539) and goats (n = 3148) from August 2017 to March 2018 at various epidemiological units (n = 301) of the studied regions using a stratified random sampling method and PPR competitive ELISA kit was employed to detect PPRV antibodies. The results revealed 34, 21, 52, 74, 68, and 65% of prevalence of PPRV antibodies in small ruminants in Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan states, respectively, with a difference in seropositivity in sheep and goats across the states in sheep ( < 0.

Deep learning-based classifier of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell-of-origin with clinical outcome.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with poor response to R-CHOP therapy due to remarkable heterogeneity. Based on gene expression, DLBCL cases were divided into two subtypes, i.e.

Utility of serum and salivary lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid levels as a diagnostic profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an intra-cellular enzyme present in all cells of the body, catalyses the final step of anaerobic glycolysis. This intra-cellular enzyme is released into the extra-cellular space after tissue disintegration, which is evident in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, investigations comparing Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in OSCC and healthy controls have shown conflicting findings in both serum and saliva samples.

A Study of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients Undergoing Diagnostic or Interventional Coronary Contrast Procedures.

Introduction: Angiographic procedures are underused in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who present with acute coronary syndromes, due to risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). In this study, we assessed the change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 3 months following coronary procedures in CKD patients.

Methods: This observational study was done from July 2017 to January 2019 in patients undergoing elective coronary procedures with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.

Prevalence of anti-leptospiral antibodies and frequency distribution of serovars in small ruminants in enzootic South Peninsular India.

Background And Aim: For understanding the epidemiology of leptospirosis, the confined abundance of several species of pathogenic leptospires and knowledge on the serovar(s) prevalent in the reservoir and carrier hosts may be a useful indicator of transmission to incidental/accidental hosts in a geographical niche. The present study was carried out to ascertain the frequency distribution of serovars and the prevalence of anti-leptospiral antibodies in small ruminants (sheep and goats) in the epidemiological units (villages) in the coastal districts of enzootic regions in South Peninsular India.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1167 serum samples (sheep n=299 and goats n=868) from apparently healthy animals, randomly collected from various epidemiological units were tested in microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using 18 reference serovars antigens.

Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in End Stage Renal Disease.

We report a case of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis. There was no previous history of trauma or surgery. Secondary hyperparathyroidism due to progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a rise in intracranial pressure resulted in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

Naproxen Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis with Renal Cortical Necrosis.

Drug induced acute interstitial nephritis is an idiosyncratic reaction following a drug exposure. The commonest drugs implicated are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. Renal cortical necrosis is a rare cause of acute kidney injury caused by severe and sustained vasoconstriction of small renal vessels.

Beta-Alanine and Tris-(hydroxyl methyl) Aminomethane as Peak Modifiers in the Development of RP-HPLC Methods Using Aceclofenac and Haloperidol Hydrochloride as Exemplar Drugs.

In the present analytical approach, beta-alanine (ALA) and tris-(hydroxyl methyl) aminomethane (TRIS) were investigated as peak modifiers due to their water solubility and their possible peak modifying a property. These reagents were tested for their efficacy on the elution of aceclofenac (ACF) and haloperidol hydrochloride (HLC) from C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) equipped with a photodiode array detector.

Towards eradication of peste des petits ruminants: post-vaccination evaluation in sheep and goats in Southern Peninsular India.

The cross-sectional seroprevalence study of the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in sheep and goats was carried out in the Southern Peninsular region of India to ascertain the prevalence of PPR virus (PPRV) antibodies at the epidemiological units (epi-units) level in the small ruminant population. The serum samples were collected from various epi-units (villages) in the different states and union territory (UT) in Southern Peninsular region using a stratified random sampling methodology from August 2017 to March 2018. A total of 6643 serum samples [sheep (n = 2785) and goats (n = 3858)] were collected from 360 epi-units and were screened by PPR competitive ELISA kit for the detection of PPRV antibodies.