Risk Factors for Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction After Liver Cancer Surgery.

Background/aim: Although the frequency of small bowel obstructions after liver surgery is generally considered low, previous studies have followed-up patients for less than a year, thus the incidence of small bowel obstructions several years after surgery is unknown. Furthermore, the rise in laparoscopic surgeries and the use of adhesion prevention materials may influence the occurrence of small bowel obstructions. This  study aimed to assess the incidence of small bowel obstructions within a five-year period following liver surgery and identify the associated risk factors.

Transperineal minimally invasive surgery during laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection for low rectal cancer could improve short-term outcomes: A single-institution retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Transperineal minimally invasive surgery (TpMIS) during laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection (APR) is an emerging approach that allows for the precise treatment of lower rectal cancer. However, evidence regarding the efficacy of TpMIS is insufficient. This study evaluated the efficacy of TpMIS during laparoscopic APR for patients with lower rectal cancer.

Generation of Recombinant Authentic Live Attenuated Human Rotavirus Vaccine Strain RIX4414 (Rotarix) from Cloned cDNAs Using Reverse Genetics.

The live attenuated human rotavirus vaccine strain RIX4414 (Rotarix) is used worldwide to prevent severe rotavirus-induced diarrhea in infants. This strain was attenuated through the cell culture passaging of its predecessor, human strain 89-12, which resulted in multiple genomic mutations. However, the specific molecular reasons underlying its attenuation have remained elusive, primarily due to the absence of a suitable reverse genetics system enabling precise genetic manipulations.

Relationships between postoperative recurrences and standardized uptake value on F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in patients with resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent curative pancreatic resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Background: This study aimed to examine postoperative recurrence after curative pancreatic resection following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in patients with resectable (R-) and borderline resectable (BR-) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), focusing on its relationship with the standardized uptake value (SUV) on F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

Method: The postoperative initial recurrence patterns were examined in patients with R- and BR-PDAC who underwent NACRT followed by curative pancreatic resection. Data collected from three prospective clinical trials were retrospectively analysed.

Prognostic Significance of F-FDG PET/CT and Tumor Metabolic Changes in Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background/aim: F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is reportedly associated with the malignant potential of cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association between FDG accumulation and tumor metabolism in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Patients And Methods: A prognostic analysis of data from 131 patients with PDAC who underwent FDG-PET/CT before curative-intent pancreatic surgery was performed.

[A Case of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Early Postoperative Recurrences Using Comprehensive Genome Profiling to Implement Effective Treatment].

Subsequent to a medical examination, a 61-year-old male was referred to our hospital with jaundice. He was diagnosed with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma involving the hepatic hilum and was referred to our department to undergo a left trisectionectomy of the liver, extrahepatic bile duct resection, and regional lymphadenectomy. He was discharged on postoperative day 39 without liver failure.

A case of chronic expanding hematoma mimicking a cystic pancreatic tumor.

Background: A chronic expanding hematoma is an uncommon entity described as an organized blood collection that increases in size after the initial hemorrhagic event without histological neoplastic features. The standard treatment is complete resection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a chronic expanding hematoma mimicking a pancreatic cystic tumor that has been successfully resected utilizing a laparoscopic approach.

A rare case of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess and bacterial endophthalmitis associated with distal bile duct cancer.

We report a case of a patient with distal bile duct cancer who presented with ocular pain and eye redness due to a liver abscess. The patient developed a liver abscess while waiting for surgery. Since Klebsiella pneumoniae with high viscosity was identified and imaging studies showed systemic infection, a diagnosis of klebsiella invasive syndrome was made.

Predictive role of the prognostic nutritional index in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by curative pancreatic resection: A retrospective study using prospectively collected data.

Background: Despite a strong association between nutritional indices and disease prognosis, evidence regarding the evaluation of nutritional indices after preoperative treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is insufficient. We evaluated the clinical significance of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with resectable (R-) and borderline resectable (BR-) PDAC who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by pancreatic resection.

Methods: We assessed 153 patients with R- and BR-PDAC who underwent NACRT followed by curative resection between 2009 and 2022.

A combined score for predicting clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula based on inflammatory parameters and drainage fluid culture results on postoperative day 3.

Background: Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreatic resection can lead to severe postoperative complications. POPF is defined based on postoperative day (POD) 3 drainage fluid amylase level. POPF correlates with inflammatory parameters as well as drainage fluid bacterial infection.

Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Metabolite Hypotaurine Are Predictive Markers for Early Recurrence of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Objective: A significant number of patients experience early recurrence after surgical resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), negating the benefit of surgery. The present study conducted clinicopathologic and metabolomic analyses to explore the factors associated with the early recurrence of PDAC.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent pancreatectomy for PDAC at Kagawa University Hospital between 2011 and 2020 were enrolled.

Tumor-to-blood pool ratio of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography's standardized uptake value as a useful parameter indicating malignant transformation in pancreatic branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm compared to the international Fukuoka guidelines: a retrospective cohort study from surgical resections.

Background: Identifying malignant transformation in pancreatic branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) remains challenging, but the standardized uptake value (SUV) obtained from F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT has the potential to become a valuable parameter for differentiation. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SUV of FDG-PET/CT in distinguishing low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) within BD-IPMNs.

Methods: We assessed 58 patients with confirmed BD-IPMN undergoing surgery between 2008 and 2022.

Internal hernia after laparoscopic sigmoidectomy with splenic flexural mobilization and high ligation of the inferior mesenteric vein: A case report.

Several studies have recently reported the rare occurrence of internal herniation of the small bowel after laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Most cases of internal herniation after laparoscopic colorectal surgery occur due to a mesenteric defect. However, there have been no reports on the indications for closing mesenteric defects to prevent the development of an internal hernia.

Recent Advances and Current Management for Desmoid Tumor Associated with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.

For nearly half a century, desmoid tumor (DT) has been considered a major complication that occurs in approximately 10%-25% of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients. It is also the leading cause of death in patients undergoing colectomy. We believe that the mortality rate is improving due to the understanding of the natural history of DT and recent advances in medical treatment.

Momentum transfer from the DART mission kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos.

The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on 26 September 2022 as a planetary defence test. DART was the first hypervelocity impact experiment on an asteroid at size and velocity scales relevant to planetary defence, intended to validate kinetic impact as a means of asteroid deflection. Here we report a determination of the momentum transferred to an asteroid by kinetic impact.

Dislocation theory of steady and transient creep of crystalline solids: Predictions for olivine.

In applications critical to the geological, materials, and engineering sciences, deformation occurs at strain rates too small to be accessible experimentally. Instead, extrapolations of empirical relationships are used, leading to epistemic uncertainties in predictions. To address these problems, we construct a theory of the fundamental processes affecting dislocations: storage and recovery.

Three-wavelength-switchable narrow linewidth thulium-doped fiber laser enabled by a compound-cavity filter and a sampled fiber Bragg grating.

A single-longitudinal-mode (SLM), narrow linewidth thulium-doped fiber laser with a sampled fiber Bragg grating (SFBG), switchable among three wavelengths, with a cascade dual-coupler-ring-based compound cavity (DCR-CC) filter, is proposed and demonstrated. The coupling design, simulation analysis, and characterization of the DCR-CC filter provide the foundation for the experiment. A nonlinear polarization rotation system was injected into the cavity to suppress gain competition and achieve a laser switchable among three wavelengths.

Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging during laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery could reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage: a single institutional retrospective cohort study.

Background: There is insufficient evidence on whether indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography can reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL). This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of ICG fluorescence angiography on AL rates in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery at a single institution.

Methods: Patients who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection or intersphincteric resection with ICG fluorescence angiography (ICG group; n = 73) and patients who underwent a similar surgical procedure for rectal cancer without ICG fluorescence (non-ICG group; n = 114) were enrolled consecutively in this study.