Quantitative Craniofacial Analysis and Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Muenke Syndrome: A Case Report.

In this case report, we focus on Muenke syndrome (MS), a disease caused by the p.Pro250Arg variant in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and characterized by uni- or bilateral coronal suture synostosis, macrocephaly without craniosynostosis, dysmorphic craniofacial features, and dental malocclusion. The clinical findings of MS are further complicated by variable expression of phenotypic traits and incomplete penetrance.

Lineage-specific differentiation of osteogenic progenitors from pluripotent stem cells reveals the FGF1-RUNX2 association in neural crest-derived osteoprogenitors.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can provide a platform to model bone organogenesis and disease. To reflect the developmental process of the human skeleton, hPSC differentiation methods should include osteogenic progenitors (OPs) arising from three distinct embryonic lineages: the paraxial mesoderm, lateral plate mesoderm, and neural crest. Although OP differentiation protocols have been developed, the lineage from which they are derived, as well as characterization of their genetic and molecular differences, has not been well reported.

Effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound on Enterococcus faecalis planktonic suspensions and biofilms.

In this study, the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on Enterococcus faecalis on both planktonic suspensions and biofilms was investigated. E. faecalis persist in secondary dental infections as biofilms.

Effect of chitosan/riboflavin modification on resin/dentin interface: spectroscopic and microscopic investigations.

The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological and chemical changes of demineralized dentin collagen-matrix and resin/dentin interface associated with chitosan/riboflavin modification. Dentin disc specimens were prepared from sound molars, acid-etched with 35% phosphoric acid and modified with either 0.1% riboflavin or chitosan/riboflavin (Ch/RF ratios 1:4 or 1:1) and photo-activated by UVA.

Chitosan/Riboflavin-modified demineralized dentin as a potential substrate for bonding.

Previous studies have suggested different approaches to modify dentin collagen for potential improvement in bonding to dentin. Here, we are proposing a new approach to reinforce dentin collagen fibrils network by chitosan as a reinforcement phase and UVA-activated riboflavin as crosslinking agent within clinically acceptable time-frame as potential substrate for bonding. The effect of modifying demineralized dentin substrates with chitosan/riboflavin, with a gradual increase in chitosan content, was investigated by SEM, nano-indentation, conventional-mechanical testing and hydroxyproline (HYP) release at collagenolytic and/or hydrolytic challenges.

Riboflavin as a dentin crosslinking agent: ultraviolet A versus blue light.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of photo-activation of riboflavin either by ultraviolet (UVA) or visible blue light (BL) on the biodegradation resistance, strength of demineralized dentin matrix, bond strength to dentin and resin/dentin interface morphology.

Methods: Dentin beams were demineralized, treated with 0.1% or 1% riboflavin solution for 5min and photo-activated with UVA or BL for 20s.