Item Analysis of Single Best Response Type Multiple Choice Questions for Formative Assessment in Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

Background: MCQs (multiple choice questions) can be used to assess higher-order skills and be utilised for creating a question bank.

Purpose Of Study Aim: To perform post-validation item analysis of MCQs constructed by medical faculty for formative assessment of final-year medical students and to explore the association between difficulty index ( value) and discrimination indices (DI) with distractor efficiency (DE).

Methods: An observational study was conducted involving 50 final-year MBBS students and 10 faculty members for a period of one year (October 2020 to September 2021).

Mental health issues in antenatal women with prior adverse pregnancy outcomes: Unmasking the mental anguish of rainbow pregnancy.

Background & Objectives: Mental health issues in pregnancy have adverse implications on the quality of life, however still they go unevaluated and underreported. Women with previous history of abortions or stillbirth may have a higher risk of experiencing mental health problems. The present investigation was aimed to study the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress and domestic violence in antenatal women with prior pregnancy losses and the need for interventions to treat the same.

Mushroom as Prebiotics: a Sustainable Approach for Healthcare.

Mushrooms are considered as sustainable foods as they require less effort and can be cultivated on different agro-industrial wastes. Besides, these possess many nutraceuticals for providing health benefits along with supplementing nutrition. The mushrooms are also used as prebiotics for their ability to support beneficial microbes in the gut and inhibit the growth of pathogens.

Gut microbes consume host energy and reciprocally provide beneficial factors to sustain a symbiotic relationship with the host.

The gut microbes thrive by utilizing host energy and, in return, provide valuable benefits, akin to the symbiotic relationship. To study the mutualistic association between the gut microbiota and host, a range of gut microbe populations (85 %, 66 %, 45 % and 38 % at the normal level) with comparable structures were constructed in broiler model. The results revealed that reductions in gut microbial population led to decreased energy consumption, resulting in increased host weight (10.

Biodegradation of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate by Bacillus firmus MP04 strain: parametric optimization using full factorial design.

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is used as a plasticizer in making plastics and released from landfills. This study attempted to degrade DEHP using microbial isolates. Isolates of Bacillus spp.

GC-MS Analysis, Antioxidant and Antifungal Studies of Different Extracts of Isolated from .

To discover new natural resources with biological effects, the chemical investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extract's isolated from roots of . Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis demonstrated the presence of the major chemical constituents present in the methanol extract (1,3-oxathiolane, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 5-(1-methylethylidene), 5,9-hexadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, decane), chloroform extract (acetic acid, diethoxy-, ethyl ester, 2,2-bis(ethylsulfonyl)propane, 3-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl) furan), and hexane extract (3-hexanone, 4,4-dimethyl, decane,2,6-dimethyldecane, decane, 2,4,6-trimethyl, decane, 2,4,6-trimethyl, 1-butanesulfinamide, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluoro-N-methyl, decane). The total compound identified (56.

Assessment of the awareness about COVID-19 and the following-up of guidelines for biomedical wastes in Jaipur city.

In this COVID-19 era, isolating people and reviewing their contacts has proven to be insufficient to control the COVID-19 pandemic as there was a huge gap between exposure to the virus and isolation due to the late onset of symptoms. This led to the spread of infection and people faced the consequences not only of viral infection, but also of financial and occupational crises. People followed best management practices, however, new variants emerged that caused infection.

COASY related pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 12: A common Indian mutation with expansion of the phenotypic spectrum.

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) type 12 is a rare, perinatal lethal neurodegenerative genetic disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the COASY gene. Herein, we describe the clinical and neuroradiological profile of nine affected fetuses/neonates from five families identified with a common COASY: c.1486-3C>G biallelic variant.

Bereavement Care Practices Following Stillbirths: Health-Care Provider's Perspective.

Background: Addressing stillbirth is a difficult task and becomes more challenging with a huge burden and skewed doctorpatient ratio. There is a lack of data regarding the knowledge about the bereavement care practices following pregnancy loss and practices being followed by the health-care providers in the Indian context. The objective of this study is to describe the experience, views, and practices of health-care professionals while managing women with stillbirths.

Carbon life cycle assessment of shelterbelts in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Shelterbelts are rows of trees planted around farmyards and field for protection against soil erosion, promotion of biodiversity and wildlife habitat. Additionally, to carbon sequestration through growth in tree biomass and carbon sinks in agricultural soil. In recent years, removal of shelterbelts has become more common, as crop land is preferred under higher crop prices, resulting in increased GHG emissions and decreases in carbon sinks.

A Rare Presentation of Angina and Arrhythmia in Absent Left Main Coronary Artery.

Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are congenital disorders with multiple variations in the number, shape, and location of the Ostia of the coronary arterial system. The congenitally absent left main coronary artery (LMCA) is a rare anomaly that can present with benign or fatal complications ahead in life. Diagnosis and management of CAAs are sometimes challenging in low-risk patients.

NGS-based expanded carrier screening for genetic disorders in North Indian population reveals unexpected results - a pilot study.

Background: To determine the carrier frequency and pathogenic variants of common genetic disorders in the north Indian population by using next generation sequencing (NGS).

Methods: After pre-test counselling, 200 unrelated individuals (including 88 couples) were screened for pathogenic variants in 88 genes by NGS technology. The variants were classified as per American College of Medical Genetics criteria.

A Further Case of Larsen's Syndrome: Clinical and Genotypic Challenges in Diagnosis.

Larsen's syndrome is characterized by dislocation of multiple large joints, digital anomalies, craniofacial dysmorphism, and short stature. In this paper, we describe a case of a 5-month-old boy with a triad of cardinal features in association with other signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by exome sequencing, which led to the identification of a novel missense variant NM_001457.

Robinow Syndrome and Brachydactyly: An Interplay of High-Throughput Sequencing and Deep Phenotyping in a Kindred.

We report a family with a spectrum of short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, and digital anomalies in a father and 2 daughters, with the youngest (proband) displaying a severe phenotype. Clinically, autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome (ADRS) was diagnosed. Whole-exome sequencing identified a heterozygous pathogenic variant in the father and his daughters.

Reducing residual antibiotic levels in animal feces using intestinal Escherichia coli with surface-displayed erythromycin esterase.

Antibiotics are widely used in livestock and poultry industries, which results in large quantities of antibiotic residues in manure that influences subsequent treatments. In this study, an Escherichia coli strain was engineered to display erythromycin esterase on its cell surface. The engineered strain (E.

A Review on Microbial Electrocatalysis Systems Coupled with Membrane Bioreactor to Improve Wastewater Treatment.

Microbial electrocatalysis is an electro reaction that uses microorganisms as a biocatalyst, mainly including microbial electrolytic cells (MEC) and microbial fuel cells (MFC), which has been used for wastewater treatment. However, the low processing efficiency is the main drawback for its practical application and the additional energy input of MEC system results in high costs. Recently, MFC/MEC coupled with other treatment processes, especially membrane bioreactors (MBR), has been used for high efficiency and low-cost wastewater treatment.

Potential Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Moringa oleifera.

Background: Hypertension is the chronic medical condition and it affected billions of people worldwide. Natural medicines are the main alternatives to treatment for a majority of people suffering from hypertension. Niazicin-A, Niazimin-A, and Niaziminin-B compounds from Moringa oleifera ethanolic leave extract were reported to have potent antihypertensive activity.

Computational approaches for predicting mutant protein stability.

Mutations in the protein affect not only the structure of protein, but also its function and stability. Prediction of mutant protein stability with accuracy is desired for uncovering the molecular aspects of diseases and design of novel proteins. Many advanced computational approaches have been developed over the years, to predict the stability and function of a mutated protein.

Extracts from Acacia catechu suppress HIV-1 replication by inhibiting the activities of the viral protease and Tat.

Background: Acacia catechu (Mimosa family) stem bark extracts have been used traditionally as a dietary supplement as well as a folk medicine given its reported anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-tumor activities. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-HIV-1 activity of the extracts from stem bark of A. catechu.

Mushroom as a product and their role in mycoremediation.

Mushroom has been used for consumption as product for a long time due to their flavor and richness in protein. Mushrooms are also known as mycoremediation tool because of their use in remediation of different types of pollutants. Mycoremediation relies on the efficient enzymes, produced by mushroom, for the degradation of various types of substrate and pollutants.

GyneScan: an improved online paradigm for screening of ovarian cancer via tissue characterization.

Ovarian cancer is the fifth highest cause of cancer in women and the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer from acquired images is dependent on the expertise and experience of ultrasonographers or physicians, and is therefore, associated with inter observer variabilities. Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) techniques use a number of different data mining techniques to automatically predict the presence or absence of cancer, and therefore, are more reliable and accurate.

Structural, luminescence and EPR studies on SrSnO3 nanorods doped with europium ions.

The present study describes the structural and luminescent properties of SrSnO(3) nanorods containing Eu(3+) ions. Based on Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns corresponding to both undoped and europium doped SrSnO(3) nanorods, it is inferred that the average bond lengths of Sr-O1 linkages, which have a square planar geometry around Sr(2+) in the SrO(12) polyhedra present in SrSnO(3), remained unaffected with Eu(3+) incorporation into the lattice. However, the average bond lengths of shorter Sr-O2 linkages increase and longer Sr-O2 linkages decrease with Eu(3+) doping into the SrSnO(3) lattice.

Handmade paper and cardboard industries: in health perspectives.

Generally, handmade paper industries are considered as eco-friendly industries. These industries are known to use vegetable dyes which are thought to be safe and non-toxic. However, cardboard industries are considered as pollution-causing industries.

Bioremediation of industrial waste through mushroom cultivation.

Handmade paper and cardboard industries are involved in processing of cellulosic and ligno-cellulosic substances for making paper by hand or simple machinery. In the present study solid sludge and effluent of both cardboard and handmade paper industries was collected for developing a mushroom cultivation technique to achieve zero waste discharges. Findings of present research work reveals that when 50% paper industries waste is used by mixing with 50% (w/w) wheat straw, significant increase (96.

The role of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in pre-eclampsia.

Pre-eclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Its exact etiology is not known, although several evidences indicate that various elements might play an important role in pre-eclampsia. This study was carried out to analyze and to compare the concentration of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in the serum of women with pre-eclampsia and in normal pregnant women.