Tumor-immune hybrid cells evade the immune response and potentiate colorectal cancer metastasis through CTLA4.

Understanding the metastatic cascade is critical for the treatment and prevention of cancer-related death. Within a tumor, immune cells have the capacity to fuse with tumor cells to generate tumor-immune hybrid cells (THCs). THCs are hypothesized to be a subset of cancer cells with the capacity to enter circulation as circulating hybrid cells (CHC) and seed metastases.

Overexpression of TSPAN8 in consensus molecular subtype 3 colorectal cancer.

Background: Recently, consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) have been proposed as a robust transcriptome-based classification system for colorectal cancer (CRC). Tetraspanins (TSPANs) are transmembrane proteins. They have been associated with the development of numerous malignancies, including CRC, through their role as "master organizers" for multi-molecular membrane complexes.

Spatial Transcriptomic Profiling of Tetraspanins in Stage 4 Colon Cancer from Primary Tumor and Liver Metastasis.

Stage 4 colon cancer (CC) presents a significant global health challenge due to its poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Tetraspanins, the transmembrane proteins involved in crucial cancer processes, have recently gained attention as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. However, their spatial expression and potential roles in stage 4 CC tissues remain unknown.

Exploring extracellular matrix and prostaglandin pathway alterations across varying resection margin distances of right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma.

Background: Surgical resection followed by indicated adjuvant therapy offers potential curative treatment in colonic adenocarcinoma. Beyond the well-established seed and soil theory of colon cancer progression, the 'normal-appearing' tissues near the tumor are not genuinely normal and remain as remnants in patients following surgery. Our objective was to elucidate the alteration of gene expression and pathways across various distances of resection margins in right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma.

The -Mutant Consensus Molecular Subtype 3 Reveals an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancers (CRC) with mutations () are frequently included in consensus molecular subtype 3 (CMS3) with profound metabolic deregulation. We explored the transcriptomic impact of , focusing on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and pathways beyond metabolic deregulation. The status of in patients with CRC was investigated and overall survival (OS) was compared with wild-type ().