The Functioning of Ethics Committees in Kazakhstan: Results and Recommendations.

Background: Sixteen RECs were randomly selected from various institutions across Kazakhstan, representing both public and private sectors and covering biomedical and socio-behavioral research reviews.

Objective: This research addresses a critical knowledge gap by providing empirical data on REC operations in Kazakhstan, facilitating a better understanding of how these committees align with international ethical standards and best practices. Furthermore, by situating our findings within the broader context of REC performance in LMICs, we aim to highlight specific challenges unique to Kazakhstan and propose evidence-based recommendations.

Analysis of the Effectiveness and Coverage of Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs in Kazakhstan for the Period 2021-2023: Regional Disparities and Coverage Dynamics.

Background: Cancer screening is a crucial component in the fight to reduce cancer incidence and mortality. Currently, the WHO recommends highly effective cancer screening programs, including screening for cervical cancer (CC), breast cancer (BC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite the implementation of a cancer screening program since 2014, an evaluation of the effectiveness of BC, CC, and CRC screening in the Kazakhstan has not yet been conducted.

Efficacy of Infliximab for the Treatment of Oral Manifestation of Crohn's Disease.

Oral manifestations of IBD can be specific or nonspecific, due to intestinal malabsorption or induced by pharmacological treatments. Oral manifestations may precede the diagnosis of IBD or interfere with timely diagnosis and treatment. The paradigm of treatment for oral lesions in patients with IBD is based on treating and controlling the intestinal manifestations of the underlying disease as well as local methods of treatment can be used.

First report from a single center retrospective study in Kazakhstan on acute myeloid leukemia treatment outcomes.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common hematological malignancy in adults. In the last decade, internationally approved AML treatment guidelines, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are widely used in Kazakhstan. The categorization of acute myeloid leukemia was done according to the French-American British classification.

Primary vaginal stone associated with vesicovaginal fistula: A case report.

Vesicovaginal fistula with stone is an infrequent condition; therefore, it can be often misdiagnosed. The formation of vaginal stones is mainly due to urinary stasis and infection. We describe the case of a 69-year-old patient who was diagnosed with a vesicovaginal fistula in 2012.

Cardiovascular disease risk factors among rural Kazakh population.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have remained a leading cause of mortality in Kazakhstan. The objectives of the present study were to estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors (RFs) among the Kazakh population, and their ability to identify those CVD RFs. We interviewed 611 subjects aged 25-65 years using a structured self-administered questionnaire from April to July, 2008.