Phototoxicity in vitro and safety in vivo of the emulsion photosensitizer based on furanocoumarins of Heracleum sosnowskyi.

The use of plants such as giant hogweed as raw materials for the manufacture of dosage forms has been little explored. In this study, we utilized furanocoumarins from the Heracleum sosnowskyi plant to create an experimental emulsion dosage form (EmFHS). The EmFHS was finely dispersed (481.

[The use of a urethral catheter with an ultrasound-induced biopolymer drug coating for the prevention of recurrent bladder neck sclerosis in patients after endoscopic treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia].

Recurrent bladder neck sclerosis is one of the common complications of endoscopic treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia, which often leads to multiple re-operations, including complex open and laparoscopic reconstructive procedures. One of the most promising minimally invasive methods for preventing recurrence of bladder neck sclerosis is balloon dilatation under transrectal ultrasound guidance. To improve the results of using this technique, a urethral catheter with a biopolymer coating, capable of depositing a drug and eluting it under the influence of diagnostic ultrasound, was proposed.

Evaluation of Cellular Toxicity and Preclinical Safety of Using an Inhalable Liposomal form of Dexamethasone.

A liposomal form of dexamethasone was obtained. Liposomal vesicles were formed. The efficiency of incorporating dexamethasone into the liposomes was 99.

Targeted Therapy for Glomerulonephritis Using Arterial Delivery of Encapsulated Etanercept.

Complex immunosuppressive therapy is prescribed in medical practice to patients with glomerulonephritis to help them overcome symptoms and prevent chronic renal failure. Such an approach requires long-term systemic administration of strong medications, which causes severe side effects. This work shows the efficiency of polymer capsule accumulation (2.

Ultrasound-Triggerable Coatings for Foley Catheter Balloons for Local Release of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs during Bladder Neck Dilation.

Bladder neck contracture (BNC) is a complication of the surgical treatment of benign and malignant prostate conditions and is associated with the partial or complete blockage of urination. Correction of this condition usually requires repeated surgical intervention, which does not guarantee recovery. Balloon dilation is a minimally invasive alternative to the surgical dissection of tissues; however, it significantly reduces the patient's quality of life.

Renal Artery Catheterization for Microcapsules' Targeted Delivery to the Mouse Kidney.

The problem of reducing the side effects associated with drug distribution throughout the body in the treatment of various kidney diseases can be solved by effective targeted drug delivery. The method described herein involves injection of a drug encapsulated in polyelectrolyte capsules to achieve prolonged local release and long-term capillary retention of several hours while these capsules are administered via the renal artery. The proposed method does not imply disruption (puncture) of the renal artery or aorta and is suitable for long-term chronic experiments on mice.

Magnetic Hyperthermia Nanoarchitectonics via Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Stabilised by Oleic Acid: Anti-Tumour Efficiency and Safety Evaluation in Animals with Transplanted Carcinoma.

In this study, we developed iron oxide nanoparticles stabilised with oleic acid/sodium oleate that could exert therapeutic effects for curing tumours via magnetic hyperthermia. A suspension of iron oxide nanoparticles was produced and characterised. The toxicity of the synthesised composition was examined in vivo and found to be negligible.

Evaluation of photocytotoxicity liposomal form of furanocoumarins Sosnowsky's hogweed.

Sosnovsky's hogweed, Heracleum sosnowskyi has a high photosensitizing ability. Although Sosnovsky's hogweed is known as a poisonous plant, its chemical composition and phototoxicity are poorly studied. We analyzed the chemical composition of the Sosnovsky's hogweed juice that grew in natural conditions.

Optical coherence microangiography of the mouse kidney for diagnosis of circulatory disorders.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become widespread in clinical applications in which precise three-dimensional functional imaging of living organs is required. Nevertheless, the kidney is inaccessible for the high resolution OCT imaging due to a high light attenuation coefficient of skin and soft tissues that significantly limits the penetration depth of the probing laser beam. Here, we introduce a surgical protocol and fixation scheme that enables functional visualization of kidney's peritubular capillaries via OCT microangiography.

Enhanced cytotoxicity caused by AC magnetic field for polymer microcapsules containing packed magnetic nanoparticles.

Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) is a perspective tool to treat the tumor while the magnetic material is delivered. The key problems in MH development is to ensure an effective local heating within cancer cell without overheating other cells. In order to do that one has to reach substantial local accumulation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and/or magnetically sensitive objects with advanced heat properties.

Target delivery of drug carriers in mice kidney glomeruli via renal artery. Balance between efficiency and safety.

Targeting drug delivery systems is crucial to reducing the side effects of therapy. However, many of them are lacking effectiveness for kidney targeting, due to systemic dispersion and accumulation in the lungs and liver after intravenous administration. Renal artery administration of carriers provides their effective local accumulation but may cause irreversible vessel blockage.

Endovascular addressing improves the effectiveness of magnetic targeting of drug carrier. Comparison with the conventional administration method.

Many nanomedicine approaches are struggling to reach high enough effectiveness in delivery if applied systemically. The perspective is sought to explore the clinical practices currently used for localized treatment. In this study, we combine in vivo targeting of carriers sensitive to the external magnetic field with clinically used endovascular delivery to specific site.

Submicron-Sized Nanocomposite Magnetic-Sensitive Carriers: Controllable Organ Distribution and Biological Effects.

Although new drug delivery systems have been intensely developed in the past decade, no significant increase in the efficiency of drug delivery by nanostructure carriers has been achieved. The reasons are the lack of information about acute toxicity, the influence of the submicron size of the carrier and difficulties with the study of biodistribution in vivo. Here we propose, for the first time in vivo, new nanocomposite submicron carriers made of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tannic acid (TA) and containing magnetite nanoparticles with sufficient content for navigation in a magnetic field gradient on mice.

Amylase-Sensitive Polymeric Nanoparticles Based on Dextran Sulfate and Doxorubicin with Anticoagulant Activity.

This study looked into the synthesis and study of Dextrane Sulfate-Doxorubicin Nanoparticles (DS-Dox NP) that are sensitive to amylase and show anticoagulant properties. The particles were obtained by the method of solvent replacement. They had a size of 305 ± 58 nm, with a mass ratio of DS:Dox = 3.

Design of Nanosomal Form of Aprotinin.

Liposomes containing aprotinin were produced by the phase inversion technique and purified by gel filtration. Aprotinin inclusion was assessed fluorescence labeling of the protein. The size of obtained liposomes was 212±35 nm and aprotinin concentration in the liposomal suspension was 3000 KIU/ml.

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives.

A facile method for the preparation of polycarbodiimide-based secondary structures (e.g., nano-rings, "craters," fibers, looped fibers, fibrous networks, ribbons, worm-like aggregates, toroidal structures, and spherical particles) is described.

Formulation for Oral Delivery of Lactoferrin Based on Bovine Serum Albumin and Tannic Acid Multilayer Microcapsules.

Lactoferrin (Lf) has considerable potential as a functional ingredient in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. However, the bioavailability of Lf is limited as it is susceptible to digestive enzymes in gastrointestinal tract. The shells comprising alternate layers of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tannic acid (TA) were tested as Lf encapsulation system for oral administration.

"Single-single" amphiphilic janus dendrimers self-assemble into uniform dendrimersomes with predictable size.

An accelerated modular synthesis of six libraries containing 29 amphiphilic Janus dendrimers, employed to discover and predict functions via primary structures, is reported. These dendrimers were constructed from a single hydrophobic and a single hydrophilic dendron, interconnected with l-Ala to form two constitutional isomeric libraries, with Gly to produce one library, and with l-propanediol ester to generate two additional constitutional isomeric libraries. They are denoted "single-single" amphiphilic Janus dendrimers.

Modular synthesis of amphiphilic Janus glycodendrimers and their self-assembly into glycodendrimersomes and other complex architectures with bioactivity to biomedically relevant lectins.

The modular synthesis of 7 libraries containing 51 self-assembling amphiphilic Janus dendrimers with the monosaccharides D-mannose and D-galactose and the disaccharide D-lactose in their hydrophilic part is reported. These unprecedented sugar-containing dendrimers are named amphiphilic Janus glycodendrimers. Their self-assembly by simple injection of THF or ethanol solution into water or buffer and by hydration was analyzed by a combination of methods including dynamic light scattering, confocal microscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform analysis, and micropipet-aspiration experiments to assess mechanical properties.

Pyrogallol[4]arenes show highly variable amphiphilic behavior at the air-water interface dependent upon side chain length and branching.

The behavior of pyrogallol[4]arenes (Pgs) substituted with normal and branched alkyl side chains at the air-water interface was examined on a Langmuir trough. The amphiphilic systems studied form stable monolayers when the straight chains are as short as n-propyl. Remarkably, n-propylpyrogallol[4]arene shows a behavior at the air-water interface that is indistinguishable from that of pyrogallolarenes bearing n-hexyl, n-nonyl, and n-dodecyl side chains.

Self-assembled, cogged hexameric nanotubes formed from pyrogallol[4]arenes with a unique branched side chain.

A branched side chain pyrogallol[4]arene self-assembles into a previously-unreported cogged hydrogen-bonded nanotube structure in the solid state and self-assembles at the air-water interface on the Langmuir trough.

Pyrogallarene-based ion-conducting pores that show reversible conductance properties.

Pyrogallol[4]arene macrocycles prepared from pyrogallol and n-dodecanal insert in phospholipid bilayers and form conducting pores that undergo reversible switching over a wide range of potentials.

2,12-Dichloro-10,20-diphenyl-5,7,15,17-tetrahydro-6H,16H-dibenzo[d,l][1,9,2,6,10,14]dioxotetraazacyclohexadecine-6,16-dione dioxane solvate as a potential macrocyclic hexadentate ligand.

The macrocyclic title compound crystallizes as a dioxane solvate, C(30)H(22)Cl(2)N(4)O(4) x C(4)H(8)O(2), with two independent formula units in the unit cell. The observed syn conformation is controlled by both intramolecular N-H..