[Echosemiotics of splenectomy zone in patients with traumatic injury of the spleen].

Currently, the complex of early diagnosis of splenic injury is widely used by ultrasonography (USG). Of particular importance it has in the diagnosis of complications after the splenectomy. Its application permit to conduct of early diagnosis intraabdominal bleeding, inflammatory infiltrates and abdominal abscesses, various inflammatory changes in the pleural cavity.

[Ultraviolet autoblood irradiation in multimodal treatment of patients with diffuse peritonitis].

The influence of ultraviolet autoblood irradiation (UV-ABI) on the treatment of patients with disseminated peritonitis has been studied. 109 UVABI procedures in 35 patients have been done. The general blood toxicity, plasma toxicity, sugar, creatinine and urea blood concentrations have decreased after the UVABI.

[Stimulation of the lymphatic drainage in intensive care of acute myocardial infarct].

Under study was reogluman efficacy in the acute period of myocardial infarction. Timely administration of the drug to myocardial infarction patients was conductive to reduction of the duration and intensity of the painful syndrome, was associated with a reduction and even disappearance of congestion in the lungs within the first 2 days. These changes were paralleled by a more rapid normalization of the activities of all the blood serum lysosomal enzymes in the patients treated with reogluman as against the reference patients.

[The neuronal activity of the ventromedial hypothalamus during pharmacological exposures that modulate motivational and emotional states].

Neuronal activity of the ventromedial hypothalamus was studied in food- and water-deprived, saturated unrestrained rats and after i. p. administrations of alcohol, nembutal, 5-HT and disulphiram.

Influence of pulse stimulation of the visual cortex on the function of the superior colliculus of the awake rabbit.

It has been demonstrated in awake rabbits that stimulation of the visual cortex by a solitary pulse of electrical current leads to the formation of a short-latency response in the superior colliculus. The formation of this response is suppressed when a light stimulus precedes it. At the same time, a conditioning solitary electrostimulation of the visual cortex induces a short inhibition of the formation of the response to the test light stimulus.

[The effect of acute alcoholization on the neuronal activity of the normal ventromedial hypothalamus and in pharmacological actions on the brain monoaminergic and opiate systems].

In experiments on white outbred male rats the specificity was studied of the influence and mechanisms of action of acute alcoholization (30%-solution of ethanol, intraperitoneally, 0.7 g/kg) on the activity of functionally different neurones of the ventromedial hypothalamus. Experimental results showed that the neurones, the activity of which lowered after saturation (I-st type), increased the discharges frequency at administration of ethanol.

[The specific characteristics of the intrahypothalamic connections in the regulation of motivational and emotional states].

59 neurons were recorded in 27 male white rats' ventromedial hypothalamus. In satiation after 1-2 day water and food deprivation, 24 neurons decreased (I type), 16 ones increased (II type) and 19 neurons did not change the frequency rate (III type). Single stimuli of lateral preoptic area and lateral hypothalamus induced mostly an activation in I type neurons whereas II and III types neurons revealed no definite pattern.

[The concentrations of somatotropic hormone and insulin in the blood of heart surgery patients with a complicated course of the postoperative period].

It has been shown that the course of the early postoperative period in cardiosurgical patients and its outcome is to a great extent related to adequate balance of adaptation hormones, whose levels and changes are determined by the functional state of compensatory-adaptive systems. Patients with favourable outcome of the complicated postoperative period along with synchronous activation of sympathoadrenal system (SAS), hypophyseoadrenal system (HAS) and an elevated somatotropic hormone (STH) level demonstrated adequately high blood insulin content, with the equilibrium in adrenalin/insulin and cortisol/insulin ratios retained, and moderate STH predominance over insulin. In 1/4 of patients with complicated postoperative period and unfavourable outcome an attenuated SAS response was accompanied by excessively high STH, ACTH, cortisol blood content and a lower insulin level, which determined relative insulin insufficiency.

[The effect of impulse stimulation of the visual cortex on the function of the superior colliculus in the waking rabbit].

In alert rabbits, pulse stimulation of the visual cortex interfered with the formation of short latency responses in superior colliculus. The effect of visual cortex upon the superior colliculus function may have a phasic inhibitory character. Blockade of the RF adrenergic apparatus enhances the inhibitory effect, whereas stimulation of the RF by anodal current induces an opposite effect.

[The effect of anesthesia on the neurohumoral regulation system and water-electrolyte balance during aortocoronary bypass].

Two methods of multicomponent general anesthesia distinct in the analgetic agent used to ensure analgesia have been compared. In group I (6 patients) analgesia was ensured by fentanyl at a dose of 10 micrograms/(kg/min), in group II (7 patients) it was ensured by pyritramide (dipidolor) at a dose of 2 mg/kg for the whole operative period. The study has shown that during aortocoronary bypass surgery in patients with ischemic heart disease analgesia is better ensured by pyritramide than by fentanyl administration.

[Arterial hypertension of unclear etiology as a complication of anesthesia during heart surgery under conditions of artificial circulation].

The paper deals with causes of arterial hypertension in the early postperfusion and postoperative periods in treating congenital heart disease (CHD) under artificial circulation (AC). The hemodynamics and parameters of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) were examined clinically and biochemically in 100 patients. The findings showed that under hypothermic perfusion with nonpulsing blood flow, plasma renin activator and angiotensin converting enzyme became activated to affect the dynamics of mean arterial blood pressure.

[The course of the early postoperative period in heart surgery patients in relation to the state of humoral regulatory mechanisms].

It has been shown that the course and outcome of the early postoperative period in cardiosurgical patients are to a great extent related to the functioning of the adaptation systems under study and their interrelations. An essential role of sympathoadrenal system (SAS) in the control over hormonal body status has been established. It ensures, provided its activity is retained, interaction of other hormonal systems as a uniform functional mechanism in postoperative stress.

[Neuronal activity of the ventromedial hypothalamus in motivated, emotionally positive and negative states].

In unrestrained rats, neuronal activity of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) was studied in fasting, satiation and motivational-emotional states induced with electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and VMH. Three types of nervous cells were distinguished. The 1st-type neurons decreased their firing rate in satiation and revealed no obvious tendency in response to LH and VMH stimulation.

[Is it practical to assess the functional state of the heart based on the shape of the Starling curves in intensive care units?].

21 patients have been monitored after open heart surgery. Clinical and model analysis of the genesis of statistical interrelations between the cardiac index (CI) and left ventricular (Plv) and right ventricular (Prv) filling pressure has been performed. It has been shown that CI dependence on Prv or Plv is characteristic of the cardiac performance only in case CI variation is mainly associated with changes in the preload.

[Neuronal activity in self-stimulation zones of the hypothalamus in motivational and emotional states induced by electrical and natural stimuli].

Study of neuronal activity in hypothalamus areas of self-stimulation in rats showed two types of neurones. Some of them had an increased frequency at food and water deprivation and they had maximum activation at current stimulation, eliciting motivational behaviour. Others had maximum activation at current level, eliciting self-stimulation effects, some of these neurones had positive activating relation to satisfaction of food requirements.

[Effect of dalargin on the processes of memory and learning in the rat].

In experiments on rats, the influence was studied of dalargin on the elaboration and preservation of various homogeneous and heterogeneous conditioned reflexes (CRs) elaborated in single and multiple pairings. The effect of dalargin on the processes of learning and memory was compared with the action of the peptide on the activity of hypothalamic neurones. Administration of dalargin delayed the elaboration of maze defensive CRs and practically did not affect the elaboration of two-way avoidance.