Phosphorus Availability and Balance with Long-Term Sewage Sludge and Nitrogen Fertilization in Chernozem Soil under Maize Monoculture.

A continuous long-term field experiment with maize monoculture was conducted to evaluate the P availability and balance, DM yield, P uptake, and P sorption parameters in chernozem soil after 27 years. A total of 2 doses of nitrogen (120 and 240 kg ha) were applied as mineral nitrogen (N and N) and sewage sludge (SS and SS) and compared with unfertilized control (Con). The aboveground biomass (DM) yields significantly increased in the order of Con < SS < SS < N < N treatments and the maximum P uptake was recorded for both N and SS (25.

Effectiveness of bio-effectors on maize, wheat and tomato performance and phosphorus acquisition from greenhouse to field scales in Europe and Israel: a meta-analysis.

Biostimulants (Bio-effectors, BEs) comprise plant growth-promoting microorganisms and active natural substances that promote plant nutrient-acquisition, stress resilience, growth, crop quality and yield. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of BEs, particularly under field conditions, appears highly variable and poorly quantified. Using random model meta-analyses tools, we summarize the effects of 107 BE treatments on the performance of major crops, mainly conducted within the EU-funded project BIOFECTOR with a focus on phosphorus (P) nutrition, over five years.

Plant Nutrition-New Methods Based on the Lessons of History: A Review.

As with new technologies, plant nutrition has taken a big step forward in the last two decades. The main objective of this review is to briefly summarise the main pathways in modern plant nutrition and attract potential researchers and publishers to this area. First, this review highlights the importance of long-term field experiments, which provide us with valuable information about the effects of different applied strategies.

Synthesis of MDM2-p53 Inhibitor BI-0282 via a Dipolar Cycloaddition and Late-Stage Davis-Beirut Reaction.

Herein, we report the structure and synthesis of the potent MDM2-p53 inhibitor BI-0282. The complex spirooxindole scaffold bearing four stereocenters embedded in a rigid polycyclic ring-system was effectively prepared on a multi-gram scale in only five synthesis steps employing a three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and a late-stage Davis-Beirut reaction as key steps.

Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years.

The status of macronutrients phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) was assessed 15 years after the establishment of a long-term crop rotation and soil tillage trial with mouldboard ploughing (MP), no-till (NT), deep conservation tillage (CTd) and shallow conservation tillage (CTs). The mobile proportions of macronutrients in an Austrian Chernozem soil were determined to a depth of 50 cm with the single reagent extractant acetic acid (AA) and Mehlich 3 (M3), which uses several reagents as extractants. AA revealed less P and K, but more Ca and Mg compared to M3.

Biochar in manure can suppress water stress of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) and increase sucrose content in tubers.

Increased soil drought events threaten the yields of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and other staples of arable production in central Europe. In this study we evaluated soil moisture and nutrients as impacted by a two and five % (wt) addition of biochar, manure and their blend to a loamy-sand Regosol.

[Early Operative Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Lesions: 3-Year Experience].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to show new possibilities for the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. For many years, the long-established rules have been followed. However, throughout history, treatment strategies have been gradually modified.

Co-application of high temperature biochar with 3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate treated ammonium sulphate improves nitrogen use efficiency in maize.

This study aimed on the increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of maize via the use of high temperature produced biochar (700 °C). Maize was grown to maturity on two contrasting soils (acidic Cambisol and neutral Chernozem) in pots with a treatment of biochar co-applied with ammonium sulphate stabilised by a nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate, DMPP) or un-stabilised. The combination of biochar with ammonium sulphate containing DMPP increased maize biomass yield up to 14%, N uptake up to 34% and NUE up to 13.

Soil Organic Matter Degradation in Long-Term Maize Cultivation and Insufficient Organic Fertilization.

Soil organic matter carbon (C) compounds degradation was observed in long-term field experiments with silage maize monoculture. Over a period of 26 years, the content of carbon in topsoil decreased by 22% in control unfertilized plots compared to 25% and 26% in treatments fertilized annually with mineral nitrogen. With annual wheat straw application (together with mineral N), the content of C decreased by 8%.

Fractionation of sulfur (S) in beech () forest soils in relation to distance from the stem base as useful tool for modeling S biogeochemistry.

The investigation of the fractionation of S compounds in forest soils is a powerful tool for interpreting S dynamics and S biogeochemistry in forest ecosystems. Beech stands on high pH (nutrient-rich) sites on Flysch and on low pH (nutrient-poor) sites on Molasse were selected for testing the influence of stemflow, which represents a high input of water and dissolved elements to the soil, on spatial patterns of sulfur (S) fractions. Soil cores were taken at six distances from a beech stem per site at 55 cm uphill and at 27, 55, 100, 150 and 300 cm downhill from the stem.

[Heart involvement in systemic scleroderma].

Systemic scleroderma is a general disease of the connective tissue which may affect practically any organ. The authors describe the case of a man where in the course of the disease affection of the heart with symptoms of severe cardiac failure became the dominating symptom.

2-Deoxy-D-lyxo-hexonic acid from 2-deoxy-D-lyxo-hexose by Pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation.

Aerobic fermentation of media or solutions containing 2-deoxy-D-lyxo-hexose and calcium carbonate by bacterial cells capable of oxidizing aldoses to aldonic acids was used to prepare 2-deoxy-D-lyxo-hexonic acid; the acid was isolated in a 62% yield in the form of its 1,4-lactone.

Biochemical dehydrogenations of saccharides. IX. D-lyxo-5-hexulosonic acid from D-mannose by Acetomonas oxydans fermentation.

Fermentation of nutrient media by a selected strain of Acetomonas oxydans with a continuous pH control gave D-lyxo-5-hexulosonate in the form of a calcium or potassium salt with a yield equal to 95% of theory. The media contained up to 20 g D-mannose per 100 ml and a small amount of a readily assimilated monosaccharide.

5-Deoxy-5-fluoro-L-sorbose originating from 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucitol by fermentation with Acetomonas oxydans.

Using fermentation with a selected strain of Acetomonas oxydans it was possible to convert 2-deoxy-2-fluro-D-glucitol to 5-deoxy-5-fluoro-L-sorbose, in agreement with Bertrand's and Hudson's rule. The last-named compound was isolated in a yield of 88%. Both compounds were little toxic against Acetomonas oxydans.

Biochemical dehydrogenations of saccharides. VII. 2-Deoxy-D-gluconic acid from 2-deoxy-D-glucose.

Fermentation of a medium containing 5% 2-deoxy-D-glucose and barium carbonate by a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa yielded barium 2-deoxy-D-gluconate. The yield was 77% theoretical. The strain in question makes it possible to prepare directly calcium, magnesium, manganese and ferrous salts of 2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid.