Revising the null model in language evolution research.

We comment on the consequences of the target article for language evolution research. We propose that the default assumption should be that of language-readiness in extinct hominins, and the integration of different types of available evidence from multiple disciplines should be used to assess the likely extent of the realization of this readiness. The role of archaeological evidence should be reconsidered.

Hemorrhagic Activity of Cationic Starch Conjugates with Sterically Hindered Phenol after Intravenous Administration to Guinea Pigs.

Intravenous injection of cationic starch conjugated with sterically hindered phenol (terpenophenol) to guinea pigs did not increase hemorrhagic activity (in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg) and plasma clotting time in activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time tests (in a dose of 4 mg/kg) in comparison with administration of physiological saline. Intravenous injection of the cationic starch conjugate with the highest content of terpenophenol fragments (4.1%wt) in a dose of 2 mg/kg to guinea pigs leads to a decrease in hemorrhagic activity by 4 times in comparison with the control.

Detection of Cervical Lesions and Cancer in Air-Dried Cytologic Smears by Combined Analysis of mRNA and miRNA Expression Levels.

Cervical cancer screening is based on cytologic analysis and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing, each having their drawbacks. Implementation of new biomarker-based methods may improve screening accuracy. Here, the levels of 25 microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) and 12 mRNAs involved in cervical carcinogenesis in 327 air-dried Papanicolaou-stained cervical smears from patients with cervical precancerous lesions, cancer, or without the disease were estimated by real-time PCR.

[Experimental study of anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of 1% ointments of 18-dehydroglycyrrhetic acid sodium salt].

Experiments on animals showed that 1% ointments of 18-dehydroglycyrrhetic acid sodium salt studied possess pronounced antiinflammatory and wound-healing properties.