Study of cognitive functions and their association with depression in type II diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: Individuals with diabetes have higher risk of developing depression, cognitive impairment, and dementia compared to those who do not have diabetes. The present study aims to assess the level of cognitive functions and the presence of depression in diabetes patients and healthy controls. The study also explores the level of cognition among the normal control, diabetes without depression, and diabetes with depression.

An Update on Pharmacological and Phytochemical Aspects of D. Don - A Promising Anti-diabetic Plant.

Background: The genus Costus is the largest genus in the family Costaceae and encompasses about 150 known species. Among these, D. Don (Synonym: ) is a traditional medicinal herb used to treat diabetes and other ailments.

Development and Evaluation of Dutasteride Nanoemulgel for the Topical Delivery against Androgenic Alopecia.

Background: Dutasteride is approximately three times more potent than finasteride in treating alopecia. For reducing systemic exposure to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), researchers have shown special interest in developing topical formulations for treating androgenic alopecia. Dutasteride emulsification may lead to good skin penetration and improved availability in different lipophilic skin environments.

Comparison of NLR (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet/lymphocyte ratio) as inflammatory markers in 1 episode mania and bipolar mania: A preliminary study.

Background: There are various factors including inflammation that have been studied in bipolar disorder. NLR (Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio) are one of them. Various psychotropic drugs can affect the inflammatory state.

PVP-microneedle array for drug delivery: mechanical insight, biodegradation, and recent advances.

Microneedle arrays are micron-sized needles usually attached to a supporting base or patch facilitated drug delivery for systemic effects. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a lactam polymer containing an internal amide linkage. Because of its versatility and biocompatibility, it has been widely utilized to treat several skin, bone and eye problems.

Cliv-92-Loaded Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Modified Chitosan Nanoparticles for Enhanced Hepatoprotection-Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation.

Cliv-92 is a mixture of three structurally similar coumarinolignoids and a proven hepatoprotective agent. Low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability are notable hindrances for its further use. Therefore, glycyrrhetinic acid-linked chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Cliv-92 were prepared for active targeting to the liver.

A study of thyroid profile in patients suffering from the first episode of mania: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Thyroid function is commonly considered in the assessment of mood disorders. Reports of thyroid dysregulation in patients with mania are associated with several confounding factors. To eliminate confounding factors, studies of first-episode mania are desirable.

Trichobezoar without a clear manifestation of trichotillomania.

Trichophagia is a compulsive condition characterized by eating hair, mostly seen in adolescent females. Persistence of ingestion of hair over many years results in the formation of trichobezoar. Surgical intervention is often needed in the management of large trichobezoars.

Anti-psoriatic effect of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil and its major components linalool and linalyl acetate.

Ethno-pharmacological Relevance: Lavender oil (LO) is an aromatic/essential oil extracted from Lavandula angustifolia and traditionally used as an aromatherapy massage oil due to its anti-inflammatory and wound healing property and also for providing the relief in other skin conditions such as psoriasis, dermatitis and eczema. However, LO has not been evaluated scientifically for psoriasis like skin inflammation.

Aim Of The Study: This study was aimed to investigate the LO and its major components linalool (L) and linalyl acetate (LA) against psoriasis like skin inflammation.

Study of internet addiction and its association with depression and insomnia in university students.

Introduction: Use of internet has increased exponentially worldwide with prevalence of internet addiction ranging from 1.6% to 18 % or even higher. Depression and insomnia has been linked with internet addiction and overuse in several studies.

Nanoemulsion as pharmaceutical carrier for dermal and transdermal drug delivery: Formulation development, stability issues, basic considerations and applications.

The use of nanoemulsion in augmenting dermal and transdermal effectiveness of drugs has now well established. The development of nanoemulsion based semisolid dosage forms is an active area of present research. However, thickening or liquid-to-semisolid conversion of the nanoemulsions provides opportunities to the formulation scientist to explore novel means of solving instability issues during transformation.

Wound Healing Activity of A. Juss Stem Bark in Mice.

Background: The paste of stem bark of (AI) has been traditionally used on wound and scar for rapid healing in Bundelkhand region of India.

Objective: In the present investigation, wound healing potential of different extracts of stem bark of AI was explored in mice model.

Materials And Methods: To study the wound healing properties in small animal model, the excision and incision wound models were used and water, ethanol-water (1:1, v/v) and ethanol extracts were applied topically (15% w/w in ointment base).

Polysaccharide Encrusted Multilayered Nano-Colloidal System of Andrographolide for Improved Hepatoprotection.

Andrographolide (AP), a phytoconstituent of Andrographis paniculata is reported as a potent hepatoprotective agent. However, utility of this molecule is restricted due to its low aqueous solubility, gastric instability and hence low bioavailability. It was aimed to formulate and characterize AP-loaded, natural biopolymer stabilized, multilayered nano-hydrocolloid delivery system.

Encapsulation of Mentha Oil in Chitosan Polymer Matrix Alleviates Skin Irritation.

Mentha spicata L. var. viridis oil (MVO) is a potent antifungal agent, but its application in the topical treatment is limited due to its irritancy and volatility.

An assessment of wound healing potential of Argyreia speciosa leaves.

In North India, poultice of young unfolded leaves of Argyreia speciosa Linn. (Convolvulaceae) is used for healing wounds. In order to find scientific evidence for the traditional utilization of leaves of A.

Efficient hepatic delivery of drugs: novel strategies and their significance.

Liver is a vital organ responsible for plethora of functions including detoxification, protein synthesis, and the production of biochemicals necessary for the sustenance of life. Therefore, patients with chronic liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma need immediate attention to sustain life and as a result are often exposed to the prolonged treatment with drugs/herbal medications. Lack of site-specific delivery of these medications to the hepatocytes/nonparenchymal cells and adverse effects associated with their off-target interactions limit their continuous use.

In vivo anti-diabetic activity of derivatives of isoliquiritigenin and liquiritigenin.

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a chalcone and liquiritigenin (LTG), a flavonoid found in licorice roots and several other plants. ISL displays antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and hepatoprotective activities whereas LTG is an estrogenic compound, acts as an agonist selective for the β-subtype of the oestrogen receptor. Both the phenolics were isolated from the rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra.

Enrichment, development, and assessment of Indian basil oil based antiseptic cream formulation utilizing hydrophilic-lipophilic balance approach.

The present work was aimed to develop an antiseptic cream formulation of Indian basil oil utilizing hydrophilic-lipophilic balance approach. In order to determine the required-hydrophilic lipophilic balance (rHLB) of basil oil, emulsions of basil oil were prepared by phase inversion temperature technique using water, Tween 80, and Span 80. Formulated emulsions were assessed for creaming (BE9; 9.

Development and characterization of cellulose-polymethacrylate mucoadhesive film for buccal delivery of carvedilol.

The aim of the present work was to develop and characterize mucoadhesive film of cellulose (methyl cellulose and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) and polymethacrylate (Eudragit RSPO) polymers for buccal delivery of carvedilol. Drug and polymers were found to be compatible as revealed by FTIR and DSC analysis. Mucoadhesive films were prepared by solvent casting technique.