Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Male (ADAM) Questionnaire for the Clinical Detection of Androgen Deficiency in the Male Population in Pakistan.

Introduction: Androgen deficiency in relation to the increasing age is quite prevalent worldwide. However, diagnosing it in low-income countries is quite a challenge due to cost concerns. Through this study, we plan to measure the sensitivity and specificity of the Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Male (ADAM) questionnaire in the Pakistani population.

Dermatological Manifestations of Parkinson's Disease: Clues for Diagnosis.

Background and objective Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. There are various manifestations of PD. Among them, motor dysfunction has been studied in many research studies; however, few studies are available related to the dermatological manifestations of PD.

Serum Sodium Profile of Congestive Heart Failure Patients and its Impact on Their Outcome at Discharge.

Introduction Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) readily present with electrolyte imbalance which commonly includes deficiencies of sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Hyponatremia occurs in advanced stages of CHF and is associated with adverse disease outcome-longer hospital stay, severity of CHF, and increased risk of mortality. Methods In this observational, single-center, prospective, case-control study adult patients admitted with clinical diagnosis of CHF were included after informed consent.

Clinical Spectrum of Hyponatremia in Patients with Stroke.

Introduction Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte imbalance, which is readily observed in patients with ischemic as well as hemorrhagic stroke. It is mostly hypoosmolal and may be due to syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) or cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical spectrum of hyponatremia in patients of both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes.