[Cardiac Dysfunction and Arterial Hypertension as Manifestations of Cardiovasculotoxicity of iVEGF-Containing Chemotherapy. Clinical Case].

Significant advances in timely diagnosis and modern antitumor therapy have led to a considerable increase in the survival rate of cancer patients. On the other hand, the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) diseases and their complications is increasingly growing, including due to side effects of anticancer drugs. CV complications are the most common cause of non-oncological death of cancer patients.

[Pulmonary function testing and prehabilitation in thoracic surgery].

Preoperative assessment should include spirometry and analysis of the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. If necessary, exercise tests can be performed. High risk patients can be revealed considering these data.

Evaluation of right and left ventricular function in patients with ischemic heart disease complicated by mitral insufficiency.

Aim      To evaluate the right and left ventricular function and their interaction in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) complicated with mitral valve insufficiency (MVI) according to data of echocardiography (EchoCG) with the strain in gray scale, vector and diagram analyses.Material and methods  The study included 118 patients evaluated with EchoCG at the preoperative stage of treatment; 71 of these patients had ischemic MVI (group 1) and 47 patients had uncomplicated IHD (group 2 or comparison group). Mean age of patients was 64±10 years.

[Intraventricular blood flows and myocardial contractility in impairments of coronary circulation].

We examined a total of 106 patients with ischaemic heart disease (mean age - 59±7 years) and 30 apparently healthy people (mean age - 36±4 years). Myocardial revascularization was performed with the help of stenting and coronary artery bypass grafting. The patients with ischaemic heart disease were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 with postinfarction cardiosclerosis and Group 2 without Q-forming myocardial infarction.

Changes in the level of fatty acids in the brain of rats during memory acquisition.

Memory acquisition is accompanied by many cellular and molecular processes, and it is not always clear what role they play. Fatty acids (FAs) are known to be important for cognitive functions, but the details of their involvement in memory processes remain unknown. We investigated FAs in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats trained to perform a task with food reinforcement.

[Echocardiography in the Assessment of Intraventricular Flows and Pressure Gradients in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy].

Aim      To evaluate results of myomectomy by intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG) and blood flows in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OHCMP).Material and methods  The study included a total of 76 subjects, 42 patients with OHCMP (mean age, 39±7 years) and 34 healthy volunteers (mean age, 41±3 years). Prior to and after myomectomy, transthoracic echocardiography was performed and followed by digital image processing and calculation of IVPG and left ventricular (LV) vortex flows.

[New Algorithms for Evaluation Myocardial Function According to Echocardiography].

The article is devoted to the novel methodological approach to assessment of function of the myocardium and the left ventricle as a whole with the help of modern methods of processing ultrasound images obtained by echocardiography. It contains presentation of theoretical prerequisites for elaboration of a new direction, as well as mathematical computations basing on which quantitative parameters for assessment of myocardial function and blood flows within chambers of the heart were obtained. The fundamental principle in assessing these parameters was the use of the phase structure of the cardiac cycle.

[Vector mapping of deformation and blood flows in patients with ascending aortic aneurysm].

The authors performed clinical studies based on modelling of an ascending aortic aneurysm in 37 patients and 10 apparently healthy subjects. Echocardiography was carried out in the B-mode using the Vivid E9 device (USA, GE). The linear dimensions of the aorta were assessed at three points - in the immediate vicinity of the valves, in the area of the maximum dilatation and in the area of decreased dilatation with registration of blood flow velocity in the aorta.

Fatty Acid Content and Tumor Growth Changes in Mice After Exposure to Extremely High-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation and Consumption of N-3 Fatty Acids.

The topical problem is to find new, more effective and safe treatments for cancer. The purpose of the present work was to study the combined effects of low-intensity extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) and consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on tumor growth and the content of FAs in the thymus and tumor tissue in mice. Fatty acid composition was determined using gas chromatography.

[Preparation of samples for gas-chromatographic determination of fatty acids: direct transesterification of lipids of dry biological sample is preferred in comparison with the methods employing preliminary lipid extraction.].

Different methods of sample preparation and derivatization were compared from the point of view of product yield, speed and convenience of the technique used. Fatty acid determination in absolutely dry objects (biochemical preparations, food protein isolates, lyophilized microbial biomass) may be performed easily with the use of Folch method provided that 4-component system "chloroform/ methanol/water/acetic acid" was employed. Nevertheless, we ould not find any real advantages of classical Folch or Hara-Radin extraction method variants when compared to simple non-extraction technique (which consists in direct trans-esterification of dried biomaterial due to sequential sample treating with sodium methoxide and boron trifluoride methanolic solutions).

[Phenomenological Regularities of Assessment of Left Ventricle Function in Mitral Valve Insufficiency].

Objective: to examine relationship between anatomical changes of the left ventricle (LV), dynamics of velocity of its volume modification, and blood flows in the LV in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) before and after surgical treatment.

Materials And Methods: We included into this study 58 patients with severe 3-4 degree MR (38 men, 20 women aged 24-69 [mean age 51±9] years) in sinus rhythm (96 %) or atrial fibrillation (4 %). The control group included 86 healthy volunteers, mean age 39±7 years.

Changes in the content of fatty acids in CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus of Krushinsky-Molodkina rats after single and fivefold audiogenic seizures.

Audiogenic seizures (AS) are generalized seizures evoked by high frequency sounds. Since the hippocampus is involved in the generation and maintenance of seizures, the effect of AS on the composition and content of fatty acids in the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal areas of AS-susceptible Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) rats on days 1, 3, and 14 after single and fivefold seizures were examined. The total content of all fatty acids in field СА1 was found to be lower compared with the control at all times of observation after both a single seizure or fivefold seizures.

[The perspective fluoroplastic porous carrier for conservation and transfer of samples of blood plasma: application of "dry drop" technique with the purpose of detection of individual fatty acids.].

It is proposed for preserving samples of biological fluids (blood plasma first of all) and mailing them to analytical laboratory to significantly modify a well-known technique of "dried blood spot" (DBS) at the expense of application of home-made fluoroplastic filtering material type MFFK-G as a porous carrier of fluid biological sample. The synthetic material contains no chemically active molecular fragments and it has four times greater water capacity than filter and chromatographic paper. Thus, fluoroplastic porous disc of mass of 15 mg is suitable to carrying of 70-100 mkl (instead of 15-20 mkl) of fluid.

Effect of Audiogenic Seizures on the Dynamics of Fatty Acid Composition of Hippocampal Dental Gyrus in Krushinsky-Molodkina Rats.

Changes in the fatty acid composition of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in Krushinsky-Molodkina rats with hereditary predisposition to audiogenic seizures were studied in 1, 3, and 14 days after 1 or 5 seizures. Seizure activity changed the content of saturated and monounsaturated as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids at different terms after seizures. After seizures, the content of individual fatty acids changed in different directions.

[ASSESSMENT OF LIVER FUNCTION WITH TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY HEART SURGERY WITH CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS].

Aim Of The Study: evaluation of arterial and venous liver circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using the method of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

Materials And Methods: 62 patients undergoing reconstructive cardiac surgery with CPB were analyzed. During all the stages of treatment we performed monitoring of mean arterial pressure, heart rate and central venous pressure.

[PREDICTORS OF RISK OF SURGERIES IN PATIENTS WITH FAILURE OF THE CORONARY CIRCULATION].

The paper analyzes the study of the myocardium in patients with coronary artery disease to identify new predictors of reduction of myocardial contractility. Research carried out on the basis of transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal on Vivid 7 unit and Vivid-E9 with multifrequency array sensor (3.5-5.

[THE CHANGES IN FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION IN THE AUDITORY CORTEX OF RATS AFTER A SINGLE AUDIOGENIC SEIZURE].

We found small but statistically significant increase in the number of stable to peroxide oxidation saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the auditory cortex of KM rats in comparison with control Wistar ones. The levels of fatty acids in the cells of the auditory cortex of KM rats were studied at different times (1 h, 1 day, 3 days and 14 days) after a single audiogenic seizure. The changes in fatty acids composition in auditory cortex of KM rats were found already in time point 1 h after convulsion, the maximal decrease of fatty acids levels was observed at 3 days after convulsion.

Correction of Mitochondrial Enzyme Activities in the Skeletal Muscles of Old Rats in Response to Addition of Olive Oil to the Ration.

Activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain enzymes NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase (complex I), cytochrome C-oxidase (complex IV), and citrate synthase were measured by spectrophotometry in m. quadriceps femoris homogenate from old rats receiving olive oil with the ration. Reduced activities of complexes I and IV in old animals were restored to the level of young animals after 6-week consumption of olive oil.

Modifying effects of low-intensity extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation on content and composition of fatty acids in thymus of mice exposed to X-rays.

Purpose: The effects of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) on thymus weight and its fatty acids (FA) content and FA composition in X-irradiated mice were studied to test the involvement of FA in possible protective effects of EHF EMR against ionizing radiation.

Materials And Methods: Mice were exposed to low-intensity pulse-modulated EHF EMR (42.2 GHz, 0.

[Cardiorespiratory exercise tolerance tests: a preoperative surgical risks assessment in elderly patients].

This study focuses on the most topical issue: non-cardiac surgery safety in elderly patients. According to different authors data, the mortality rate due to cardiovascular pathology %, and postoperative cardiac events incidence -from 2 to 4.4 %.

[Noninvasive registration of turbulent flows in the left ventricle].

Observation results of 133 patients with chronic heart insufficiency and 29 healthy people, all aged 41 ± 6 years were analyzed. 51 patients had ischemic heart disease, 53 had various valvular diseases and 30 patients had dilated cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography was performed together with ECG.

Exposure of tumor-bearing mice to extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation modifies the composition of fatty acids in thymocytes and tumor tissue.

Purpose: To test the participation of fatty acids (FA) in antitumor effects of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR), the changes in the FA composition in the thymus, liver, blood plasma, muscle tissue, and tumor tissue in mice with Ehrlich solid carcinoma exposed to EHF EMR were studied.

Materials And Methods: Normal and tumor-bearing mice were exposed to EHF EMR with effective parameters (42.2 GHz, 0.

Changes in fatty acid composition of thymus cells, liver, blood plasma, and muscle tissue in mice with solid Ehrlich carcinoma.

The fatty acid composition of thymus cells, liver, blood plasma, muscle tissue, and tumor focus has been studied in mice with solid Ehrlich carcinoma. The tumor growth in the mice was associated with an increase in the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids in all organs and tissues studied and with a decrease in the total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in all tissues except blood plasma. The tumor tissue was characterized by increased levels of monounsaturated fatty acids in comparison with their levels in organs and tissues of intact animals.