Associations Between Maternal Depression, Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the associations of depressive symptoms and antidepressant use during pregnancy with the risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), and low Apgar scores.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and PsycINFO up to June 2016.

SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an influenza-like disease that is primarily thought to infect the lungs with transmission through the respiratory route. However, clinical evidence suggests that the intestine may present another viral target organ. Indeed, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is highly expressed on differentiated enterocytes.

Super-resolution microscopy localizes perilipin 5 at lipid droplet-mitochondria interaction sites and at lipid droplets juxtaposing to perilipin 2.

Objective: Intramyocellular lipid droplets (LD) and their coat proteins PLIN2 and PLIN5 are involved in lipolysis, with a putative role for PLIN5 in mitochondrial tethering. Reportedly, these proteins co-localize and cover the surface of the LD. To provide the spatial basis for understanding how these proteins possess their distinct roles, we examined the precise location of PLIN2 and PLIN5 and explored PLIN5 presence at LD-mitochondria contact sites using Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and correlative light-electron microscopy (CLEM) in human skeletal muscle sections.

Investigating the race for the surface and skin integration in clinically retrieved abutments with two-photon microscopy.

Bone conduction hearing implants can rehabilitate some types of hearing loss. A hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated skin-penetrating abutment was developed to allow for soft tissue preservation and increased skin-abutment adherence. Inflammation is thought to relate to bacterial infection of pockets around the abutment.

Decoration of intramyocellular lipid droplets with PLIN5 modulates fasting-induced insulin resistance and lipotoxicity in humans.

Aims/hypothesis: In contrast to insulin-resistant individuals, insulin-sensitive athletes possess high intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL), good mitochondrial function and high perilipin 5 (PLIN5) levels, suggesting a role for PLIN5 in benign IMCL storage. We hypothesised a role for PLIN5 in modulating fasting-mediated insulin resistance.

Methods: Twelve men were fasted for 60 h, before and after which muscle biopsies were taken and stained for lipid droplets (LDs), PLIN5 and laminin.

Effects of maternal psychotropic drug dosage on birth outcomes.

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the relationship between psychotropic medication dosage and birth outcomes.

Methods: A total of 136 women were enrolled, who had an active mental disorder, were taking medication to prevent a relapse, or had a history of postpartum depression or psychosis. Medication use was evaluated for the three trimesters and during labor.

Dominant-negative control of cAMP-dependent IKs upregulation in human long-QT syndrome type 1.

Rationale: The mutation A341V in the S6 transmembrane segment of KCNQ1, the α-subunit of the slowly activating delayed-rectifier K(+) (I(Ks)) channel, predisposes to a severe long-QT1 syndrome with sympathetic-triggered ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Objective: Several genetic risk modifiers have been identified in A341V patients, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the pronounced repolarization phenotype, particularly during β-adrenergic receptor stimulation, remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate these mechanisms and provide new insights into control of cAMP-dependent modulation of I(Ks).

Manganese and acute paranoid psychosis: a case report.

Introduction: Manganese regulates many enzymes and is essential for normal development and body function. Chronic manganese intoxication has an insidious and progressive course and usually starts with complaints of headache, fatigue, sleep disturbances, irritability and emotional instability. Later, several organ systems may be affected and, due to neurotoxicity, an atypical parkinsonian syndrome may emerge.

Reorganization of the nuclear lamina and cytoskeleton in adipogenesis.

A thorough understanding of fat cell biology is necessary to counter the epidemic of obesity. Although molecular pathways governing adipogenesis are well delineated, the structure of the nuclear lamina and nuclear-cytoskeleton junction in this process are not. The identification of the 'linker of nucleus and cytoskeleton' (LINC) complex made us consider a role for the nuclear lamina in adipose conversion.

Psychiatric profile in rubinstein-taybi syndrome. A review and case report.

Background: The diagnosis of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is primarily clinical and based on the characteristic phenotype that is often combined with a variety of somatic anomalies and psychiatric disorders.

Sampling And Methods: In this paper, a review is presented of the psychiatric and behavioural aspects of RTS. This is illustrated with a case report.

The R439C mutation in LMNA causes lamin oligomerization and susceptibility to oxidative stress.

Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) is a laminopathy characterized by an aberrant fat distribution and a metabolic syndrome for which oxidative stress has recently been suggested as one of the disease-causing mechanisms. In a family affected with FPLD, we identified a heterozygous missense mutation c.1315C>T in the LMNA gene leading to the p.

Meditation-induced psychosis.

Background: Meditation is a self-regulatory psychological strategy that is frequently applied in Western as well as non-Western countries for different purposes; little is known about adverse events.

Sampling And Methods: A male patient is described who developed an acute and transient psychosis with polymorphic symptomatology after meditating. A literature search for psychotic states related to meditation was carried out on PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo.

Impact of acute and enduring volume overload on mechanotransduction and cytoskeletal integrity of canine left ventricular myocardium.

It is poorly understood how mechanical stimuli influence in vivo myocardial remodeling during chronic hemodynamic overload. Combined quantitation of ventricular mechanics and expression of key proteins involved in mechanotransduction can improve fundamental understanding. Adult anesthetized dogs (n = 20) were studied at sinus rhythm (SR) and 0, 3, 10, and 35 days of complete atrioventricular block (AVB).

Compound heterozygosity for mutations in LMNA causes a progeria syndrome without prelamin A accumulation.

LMNA-associated progeroid syndromes have been reported with both recessive and dominant inheritance. We report a 2-year-old boy with an apparently typical Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) due to compound heterozygous missense mutations (p.T528M and p.

A comparison between cryosurgery and conventional stripping in varicose vein surgery: perioperative features and complications.

Cryosurgery is a relatively new treatment option for vein stripping in case of insufficiency of the great saphenous vein (GSV). A prospective randomized trial was performed to compare operation time, extracted vein length, and postoperative outcomes of cryosurgery with conventional short stripping. Forty patients with one-sided, duplex-proven insufficiency of the GSV were included.

Both lamin A and lamin C mutations cause lamina instability as well as loss of internal nuclear lamin organization.

We have applied the fluorescence loss of intensity after photobleaching (FLIP) technique to study the molecular dynamics and organization of nuclear lamin proteins in cell lines stably transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged A-type lamin cDNA. Normal lamin A and C proteins show abundant decoration of the inner layer of the nuclear membrane, the nuclear lamina, and a generally diffuse localization in the nuclear interior. Bleaching studies revealed that, while the GFP-tagged lamins in the lamina were virtually immobile, the intranuclear fraction of these molecules was partially mobile.

Decreased mechanical stiffness in LMNA-/- cells is caused by defective nucleo-cytoskeletal integrity: implications for the development of laminopathies.

Laminopathies comprise a group of inherited diseases with variable clinical phenotypes, caused by mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA). A prominent feature in several of these diseases is muscle wasting, as seen in Emery-Dreifuss muscle dystrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Although the mechanisms underlying this phenotype remain largely obscure, two major working hypotheses are currently being investigated, namely, defects in gene regulation and/or abnormalities in nuclear architecture causing cellular fragility.

Partial cleavage of A-type lamins concurs with their total disintegration from the nuclear lamina during apoptosis.

Although activated caspase 6 is capable of cleaving both A- and B-type lamins during apoptosis, the higher-order structure of the nuclear lamina may cause a differential breakdown of these two types of lamins. In order to obtain a better understanding of the dynamics and the consequences of the rapid, coordinated breakdown of the lamina complex, we applied the green fluorescent protein (GFP) technology in living cells, in which the fate of individual caspase cleavage fragments of A- and B-type lamins was examined. CHO-K1 cells were stably transfected with cDNA constructs encoding N-terminally GFP-labelled hybrids of lamin A, lamin Adelta10, lamin C or lamin B1.

Effect of subtotal colectomy on gastric emptying of a solid meal in slow-transit constipation.

Background: Idiopathic slow-transit constipation is considered a panenteral disease in which patients may have delayed gastric emptying. The effects of total abdominal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis on upper gut motility are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate gastric emptying in patients with idiopathic slow-transit constipation before and after subtotal colectomy.

Colectomy for slow-transit constipation: preoperative functional evaluation is important but not a guarantee for a successful outcome.

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the results of preoperative functional evaluation of patients with severe slow-transit constipation in relation to functional outcome.

Methods: Four hundred thirty-nine patients with chronic intractable constipation were evaluated by marker studies. Twenty-one patients underwent colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for slow-transit constipation.

Effect of rectal distension on gallbladder emptying and circulating gut hormones.

Background: Abnormalities of upper gut motility, including a delay of gastric emptying and small bowel transit, found in patients with constipation may be secondary to factors originating in the colon or rectum as a result of faecal stasis. The aim was to determine if stimulation of mechanosensory function by rectal distension affects postprandial gallbladder emptying and release of gastrointestinal peptides participating in control of upper gut motility.

Materials And Methods: Eight healthy volunteers were studied with an electronic barostat and a plastic bag positioned in the rectum.

Plasma cholecystokinin, plasma peptide YY and gallbladder motility in patients with slow transit constipation: effect of intestinal stimulation.

Background/aim: Because cholecystokinin and peptide YY are gut hormones with potent effects on gastrointestinal motility, we determined whether abnormalities of cholecystokinin and peptide YY exist in slow transit constipation.

Methods: Plasma concentrations of these hormones before, during and after intraduodenal infusion of a liquid meal in 21 patients with slow transit constipation were compared with the results in 8 healthy controls.

Results: Fasting levels of plasma cholecystokinin (3.

Dynamics of the nuclear lamina as monitored by GFP-tagged A-type lamins.

The behavior of chimeric proteins consisting of A-type lamins and green fluorescent protein (GFP) was studied to investigate the localization and dynamics of nuclear lamins in living cells. Cell line CHO-K1 was transfected with cDNA constructs encoding fusion proteins of lamin A-GFP, lamin Adelta10-GFP, or lamin C-GFP. In the interphase nucleus lamin-GFP fluorescence showed a perinuclear localization and incorporation into the lamina for all three constructs.