Emergence and ongoing outbreak of ST80 vancomycin-resistant in Guangdong province, China from 2021 to 2023: a multicenter, time-series and genomic epidemiological study.

Background: Surveillance systems revealed that the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant (VREfm) has increased. We aim to investigate the epidemiological and genomic characteristics of VREfm in China.

Methods: We collected 20,747 non-redundant isolates from inpatients across 19 hospitals in six provinces between January 2018 and June 2023.

Blood culture quality and turnaround time of clinical microbiology laboratories in Chinese Teaching Hospitals: A multicenter study.

Purpose: Blood culture (BC) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections. Improving the quality of clinical BC samples, optimizing BC performance, and accelerating antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results are essential for the early detection of bloodstream infections and specific treatments.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study using 450,845 BC specimens from clinical laboratories obtained from 19 teaching hospitals between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021.

Caerin 1.1 and 1.9 Peptides from Australian Tree Frog Inhibit Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Growth in a Murine Skin Infection Model.

The host defense peptide caerin 1.9 was originally isolated from skin secretions of an Australian tree frog and inhibits the growth of a wide range of bacteria . In this study, we demonstrated that caerin 1.

Comparing mortality between positive and negative blood culture results: an inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis of a multicenter cohort.

Background: The association between blood culture status and mortality among sepsis patients remains controversial hence we conducted a tri-center retrospective cohort study to compare the early and late mortality of culture-negative versus culture-positive sepsis using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method.

Methods: Adult patients with suspected sepsis who completed the blood culture and procalcitonin tests in the emergency department or hospital floor were eligible for inclusion. Early mortality was defined as 30-day mortality, and late mortality was defined as 30- to 90-day mortality.

Suspension precipitation: A simple sediment-collecting method for microbiological culturing in diagnosis of peritonitis .

Background: Rapid and accurate microbiological detection is crucial for effective treatment of peritonitis patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although centrifugation of dialysis effluents can increase the pathogen culture-positive rate, a lack of both centrifugation facilities and experienced staff has prevented its widespread implementation, particularly in basic-level hospitals in developing countries. Thus, we developed a simple peritoneal sediment-collecting method, suspension precipitation method, for microbiological diagnosis of peritonitis.

Combining procalcitonin with the qSOFA and sepsis mortality prediction.

To investigate whether procalcitonin (PCT) can improve the performance of quick sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in predicting sepsis mortality, we conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study with independent validation in a prospectively collected cohort in 3 tertiary medical centers. Patients with presumed sepsis were included. Serum PCT levels were measured at admission.

Whole-genome sequencing identification of a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain carrying bla from Guangdong, China.

A carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (sequence type 34 [ST34]) strain was isolated from a fecal specimen from a child with acute diarrhea. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the 84.5-kb IncFII plasmid pST41-NDM carrying the NDM-5 carbapenemase gene possesses a structure identical to that of the IncFII-type plasmid backbone.

Molecular identification of clinical "difficult-to-identify" microbes from sequencing 16S ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer 2.

Background: Clinical microbiology laboratories have to accurately identify clinical microbes. However, some isolates are difficult to identify by the automated biochemical text platforms, which are called "difficult-to-identify" microbes in this study. Therefore, the ability of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequencing to identify these "difficult-to-identify" bacteria and fungi was assessed in this study.

Class 1 integrons in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Southern China during the past five years.

We analyzed extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (226) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (53) collected from urine specimens during 2005-2009 for the presence of ESBL genes, class 1 integrons, and characterization of gene cassettes. TEM and CTX-M β-lactamase genes were the most prevalent. One hundred and forty-four E.

Novel ISCR1-linked resistance genes found in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in southern China.

Non-duplicate multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (n=1329) isolated from southern China between January 2008 and December 2009 were investigated for the presence of ISCR1 as well as characterisation of ISCR1-linked resistance genes. Of 433 ISCR1-positive strains, 151 appeared to carry ISCR1-linked resistance genes. Seven different ISCR1-linked resistance gene arrays were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA sequencing analysis.

Class 1 integron gene cassettes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in southern China.

Non-duplicate multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (n=1447) isolated from January 2008 to December 2009 were investigated for the presence of integrons as well as characterisation of gene cassettes. Among 825 strains carrying the class 1 integrase gene intI1, 461 gene cassette-positive isolates were found. Thirty-eight distinct gene cassette arrays were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA sequencing analyses.