PD-L1 upregulation promotes drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting vimentin degradation.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. The immune checkpoint PD1/PD-L1 axis is related to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, and upregulated expression levels of PD-L1 have been demonstrated in IPF patients. However, the mechanism of PD-L1 in pulmonary fibrosis is not fully understood.

Effects of orientation and distance of goats on blast lung injury characteristics on a plateau above 4500-meter.

Purpose: High explosives are used to produce blast waves to study their biological effects. The lungs are considered as the critical target organ in blast-effect studies. The degree of lung hemorrhaging is related to both the explosive power and the increased lung weight.

m6A RNA Methylation Regulators Contribute to Predict and as a Therapy Target of Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis is difficult to treat. Early diagnosis and finding potential drug therapy targets of pulmonary fibrosis are particularly important. There were still various problems with existing pulmonary fibrosis markers, so it is particularly important to find new biomarkers and drug treatment targets.

Bleomycin induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via bFGF/PI3K/ESRP1 signaling in pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal and chronic disease with a high rate of infection and mortality; however, its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Studies have revealed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial cellular event in IPF. Here, we identified that the pulmonary fibrosis inducer bleomycin simultaneously increased the expression of bFGF and TGF-β1 and inhibited epithelial-specific regulatory protein (ESRP1) expression in vivo and in vitro.

Bleomycin-enhanced alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition in lung fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an important public health problem, and it has few treatment options given its poorly understood etiology; however, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pneumocytes has been implicated as a factor. Herein, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of lung fibrosis mediated by EMT, with a focus on the alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), using bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrotic and transgenic mouse models. We employed BLM-induced and surfactant protein C (SPC)-Cre and LacZ double transgenic mouse models.

GADD45α sensitizes cervical cancer cells to radiotherapy via increasing cytoplasmic APE1 level.

Radioresistance remains a major clinical challenge in cervical cancer therapy. However, the mechanism for the development of radioresistance in cervical cancer is unclear. Herein, we determined that growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45α (GADD45α) is decreased in radioresistant cervical cancer compared to radiosensitive cancer both in vitro and in vivo.

Biomarkers for diagnosis of sepsis in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sepsis is one of the most common diseases that seriously threaten human health. Although a large number of markers related to sepsis have been reported in the last two decades, the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers remains unclear due to the lack of similar baselines among studies. Therefore, we conducted a large systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of biomarkers from studies that included non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome patients as a control group.

Local and distant trauma after hypervelocity ballistic impact to the pig hind limb.

The development of high-energy weapons could increase the velocity of projectiles to well over 1000 m/s. The nature of the injuries caused by the ballistic impact of projectiles at velocities much faster than 1000 m/s is unclear. This study characterizes the mechanical and biochemical alterations caused by high-speed ballistic impact generated by spherical steel ball to the hind limbs of the pig.

Bleomycin (BLM) Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cultured A549 Cells via the TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway.

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial cellular event in wound healing, tissue repair, and cancer progression in adult tissues, with the interactions with numerous signals. In this study, we aimed to determine whether bleomycin (BLM), an agent that causes pulmonary fibrosis, induces the EMT of the alveolar epithelial cell line A549 and investigated the possible mechanisms. We examined the EMT involved changes in cell morphology, isoform switching of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) by alternative splicing, and expression of the phenotypic markers including E-cadherin, vimentin, and α-SMA using RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays.

Characteristics and mechanisms of extremity injuries caused by mine blasts in shoals.

Background: The characteristics of explosion in water are different from those in air and vary in different water depths. It is important to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of extremity injuries caused by mine blasts in shoals.

Methods: A total of ninety New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups put in different depths of water (land group, midpoint of the thigh in the shoal 1 group, the xiphoid process in the shoal 2 group, and control group).

Clinical relevance of tag single nucleotide polymorphisms within the CAT gene in patients with PTSD in the Chongqing Han population.

Background: Free radical-induced oxidative damage of the brain has been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Catalase (CAT) is a major antioxidant enzyme and a number of polymorphisms in CAT have been shown to be associated with several diseases, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, and vitiligo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CAT gene polymorphisms with PTSD in a case-control study.