Porous Single-Crystalline Rare Earth Phosphates Monolith to Enhance Catalytic Activity and Durability.

Rare earth phosphate (XPO) is an extremely important rare earth compound. It can exhibit excellent activity and stability in catalytic applications by modifying its inherent properties. Porous single-crystalline (PSC) PrPO and SmPO with a large surface area consist of ordered lattices and disordered interconnected pores, resulting in activity similar to nanocrystals and stability resembling bulk crystals.

Engineering Active Interfaces on the Surface of Porous Single-Crystalline TiO Monoliths for Enhanced Catalytic Activity and Stability.

The engineering design and construction of active interfaces represents a promising approach amidst numerous initiatives aimed at augmenting catalytic activity. Herein, we present a novel approach to incorporate interconnected pores within bulk single crystals for the synthesis of macroscopic porous single-crystalline rutile titanium oxide (R-TiO). The porous single crystal (PSC) R-TiO couples a nanocrystalline framework as the solid phase with pores as the fluid phase within its structure, providing unique advantages in localized structure construction and in the field of catalysis.

Porous Single-Crystal Nitrides for Enhanced Pseudocapacitance and Stability in Energy Storage Applications.

Supercapacitors have emerged as a prominent area of research in energy storage technology, primarily because of their high power density and notable stability compared to batteries. However, their practical implementation is hindered by their low energy densities and insufficient long-term stability. In this study, bulk porous NbN and TaN single crystals with excellent pseudocapacitance and electrical conductivity are successfully prepared by solid-phase transformation method.

Dynamic Behavior and Energy Absorption of Typical Porous Materials under Impacts.

Porous materials are known for their excellent energy absorption capability and, thus, are widely used in anti-impact applications. However, how the pore shape and size impact the failure mechanism and overall behavior of the porous materials under impact loading is still unclear or limitedly touched. Instead of using homogeneous solids for the porous material model, pores with various shapes and sizes were implanted in a solid to establish the porous materials that have true porous structures, which permits exploration of the local failure mechanism.

Ni-Doped PrBaMnO Cathodes for Enhancing Electrolysis of CO in Solid Oxide Electrolytic Cells.

Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs) can electro-reduce carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, which not only effectively utilizes greenhouse gases, but also converts excess electrical energy into chemical energy. Perovskite-based oxides with exsolved metal nanoparticles are promising cathode materials for direct electrocatalytic reduction of CO through SOECs, and have thus received increasing attention. In this work, we doped PrBaMnO at the B site, and after reduction treatment, metal nanoparticles exsolved and precipitated on the surface of the cathode material, thereby establishing a stable metal-oxide interface structure and significantly improving the electrocatalytic activity of the SOEC cathode materials.

Combating Obesity: Harnessing the Synergy of Postbiotics and Prebiotics for Enhanced Lipid Excretion and Microbiota Regulation.

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that can be induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and predisposes to a variety of complications. In recent years, various bioactive substances, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, have been widely discussed because of their good anti-lipid and anti-inflammatory activities. In this paper, soybean protein isolate was used as a substrate to prepare the postbiotic.

Porous Single-crystalline Centimeter-sized α-Al O Monoliths for Selective and Durable Non-oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane.

Alpha alumina (α-Al O ) are inert materials with outstanding thermal, chemical and mechanical stability. Herein, we fabricate porous single-crystalline (PSC) α-Al O monoliths at centimeter scale to endow them with high catalytic activity while maintaining their stability. We reduce PSC α-Al O monoliths to create oxygen vacancies in lattice and stabilize them by the ordered lattice to construct unsaturated Al-O coordination structures for enhancing the catalytic activity.

Insight into the Role and Evidence of Oxygen Vacancies in Porous Single-Crystalline Oxide to Enhance Catalytic Activity and Durability.

Introducing and stabilizing oxygen vacancies in oxide catalysts is considered to be a promising strategy for improving catalytic activity and durability. Herein, we quantitatively create oxygen vacancies in the lattice of porous single-crystalline β-GaO monoliths by reduction treatments and stabilize them through the long-range ordering of crystal lattice to enhance catalytic activity and durability. The combination analysis of time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction and extended x-ray absorption fine structure discloses that the preferential generation of oxygen vacancy tends to occur at the site of tetrahedral coordination oxygen ions (O sites), which contributes to the formation of unsaturated Ga-O coordination in the monoclinic phase.

Quantitative Phosphoproteome of Infant Formula: New Insights into the Difference of Phosphorylation in Milk Proteins between Bovine and Goat Species.

Phosphorylation is a broad post-translational protein modification, and the level of phosphorylation of milk proteins is associated with lactation, coagulation properties, and digestibility. However, phosphoproteins in bovine milk-based and goat milk-based infant formula have not been systematically explored. Here, we have analyzed six bovine and six goat milk-based infant formula using a quantitative phosphoproteomics approach, from which we identified 200 phosphoproteins with 276 phosphorylation sites and 156 phosphorylation sites from 75 phosphoproteins, respectively.

In situ Observation of Porosity Formation in Porous Single-crystalline TiO Monolith for Enhanced and Stable Catalytic CO Oxidation.

Introducing pores in single crystals creates a new type of porous materials that incorporate porosity and structural coherence. Herein, we use in situ transmission electron microscopy to disclose the porosity formation by converting KTiOPO (KTP) single crystals into porous single-crystalline (PSC) TiO monoliths in a solid-solid transformation. The isolated crystalline nuclei of TiO clusters with identical lattice orientation on KTP surface moves TiO /KTP interface toward mother phase for growing PSC TiO monoliths.

Porous Single Crystals at the Macroscale: From Growth to Application.

ConspectusPorous materials have wide applications in the fields of catalysis, separation, and energy conversion and storage. Porous materials contain pores that are specifically designed to achieve expectant performance. The solid phases in porous materials are normally completely continuous to form the basic porous frame while the pores are fluid phase within the solid phase.

Dietary Plant Protein Intake Can Reduce Maternal Insulin Resistance during Pregnancy.

Evidence suggests that the source of dietary protein may have an impact on insulin resistance, but no studies have explored it in pregnant populations. In this study, we combined a population study and an animal experiment to explore this effect. The population study was conducted with data from NHANES.

Nanoporous Single-Crystalline Oxide Catalysts for Preferential Oxidation of CO in H with an Ultra-wide Temperature Window.

Preferential oxidation of CO in H (PROX) reaction is a promising solution to the on-board purification of CO-contaminated H fuel for use in next-generation proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). However, achieving high CO selectivity, activity and structural stability across the wide temperature window remains a great challenge. Herein, we fabricate centimeter scale interfacial PROX catalysts grown from nanoporous single-crystalline Pr O and Nd O monoliths with lattice surface-deposited Pt clusters at nanoscale.

SrFeMoO Promotes the Conversion of Methane to Ethylene and Ethane.

Oxidative coupling of methane can produce various valuable products, such as ethane and ethylene, and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) can electrolyze CH to produce CH and CH. In this work, SrFeMoO electrode materials were prepared by impregnation and in situ precipitation, and SrFeMoO was taken as a reference to study the role of metal-oxide interfaces in the catalytic process. When the Fe/SrFeMoO interface is well constructed, the selectivity for C can reach 78.

Low-temperature Water-gas Shift Reaction Enhanced by Oxygen Vacancies in Pt-loaded Porous Single-crystalline Oxide Monoliths.

Water-gas shift (WGS) reaction at low temperature plays an important role in hydrogen production from fossil fuels and hydrogen purification for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. However, the activation of H O is a critical reaction step that greatly limits the overall performance during WGS reaction. Here we fabricate porous single-crystalline (PSC) MoO monoliths at 1 cm scale and deposit atomic-layered Pt clusters at the lattice surface to create the interfacial system toward the low-temperature WGS reaction.

Porous Single-Crystalline Monolith to Enhance Catalytic Activity and Stability.

Engineering the catalytic activity and stability of materials would require the identification of the structural features that can tailor active sites at surfaces. Porous single crystals combine the ordered lattice structures and disordered interconnected pores, and they would therefore provide the advantages of precise structure features to identify and engineer the active sites at surfaces. Herein, we fabricate porous single-crystalline vanadium nitride (VN) at centimeter scale and further dope Fe (FeVN) and Co (CoVN) in lattice to engineer the active sites at surface.

Thermochemical Mechanism of Optimized Lanthanum Chromite Heaters for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Experiments.

High-pressure heaters in large volume presses must reconcile potentially contradictory properties, and the whole high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) community has been engaged for years to seek a better heater. LaCrO (LCO)-based ceramic heaters have been widely applied in multianvil apparatus; however, their performance is far from satisfactory, motivating further research on the chemical optimization strategy and corresponding thermochemical mechanism. Here, we adopted a chemical-screening strategy and manufactured tubular heaters using the electrically, chemically, and mechanically optimized Sr-Cu codoped LaSrCrCuO (LSCCuO-9182).

Selective Oxidative Coupling of Methane to Ethylene in a Solid Oxide Electrolyser Based on Porous Single-Crystalline CeO Monoliths.

Catalytic conversion of CH to C H plays an important role in the light olefin industry. Here, we report the electrochemical conversion of CH to C H /C H at the anode with the electrolysis of CO to CO at the cathode in a solid oxide electrolyser. We constructed well-defined interfaces that function as three-phase boundaries by exsolving single-crystalline Ni nanoparticles in porous single-crystalline CeO monoliths.

Cow's milk α-casein is more sensitizing than goat's milk α-casein in a mouse model.

The aim of this study was to compare the sensitization of α-CN in cow and goat's milk in a mouse model. Fifty mice were divided into control group, adjuvant control group, cow's milk α-CN sensitized group, goat's milk α-CN sensitized group and cross sensitized group. Cow's and goat's milk α-CN were used to establish a mouse sensitization model.

Association of Egg Consumption with Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: Recent studies have reported conflicting associations between egg consumption and the risk of all-cause or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, including ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality and stroke mortality. With accumulating evidence, up-to-date evidence about the association should be synthesized.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the association of the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality with egg consumption.

A comparative study between freeze-dried and spray-dried goat milk on lipid profiling and digestibility.

Different drying techniques impart distinguishing characteristics to goat milk, particularly to its fat globules. Here, we investigated the difference between freeze-dried and spray-dried goat milk (FGM and SGM) fat globules on lipid profiling and in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestibility. The former presented higher levels of MUFA (31.

Inhibition of NF-κB activation by BAY 11-7821 suppresses the proliferation and inflammation of glioma cells through inducing autophagy.

Background: Gliomas have been known as the most common intracranial malignant tumor, and this kind of tumors cause huge amounts of mortality. The NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7821 has been reported as a novel approach in the immunotherapy of lung diseases. However, the functional role of BAY 11-7821 and its association with autophagy in glioma cells have not yet been reported.

Active Exsolved Metal-Oxide Interfaces in Porous Single-Crystalline Ceria Monoliths for Efficient and Durable CH /CO Reforming.

Dry reforming of CH /CO provides an attractive route to convert greenhouse gas into syngas; however, the resistance to sintering and coking of catalyst remains a fundamental challenge at high operation temperatures. Here we create active and durable metal-oxide interfaces in porous single-crystalline (PSC) CeO monoliths with in situ exsolved single-crystalline (SC) Ni particles and show efficient dry reforming of CH /CO at temperatures as low as 450 °C. We show the excellent and durable performance with ≈20 % of CH conversion and ≈30 % of CO conversion even in a continuous operation of 240 hours.

An Efficient Symmetric Electrolyzer Based On Bifunctional Perovskite Catalyst for Ammonia Electrolysis.

Ammonia is a natural pollutant in wastewater and removal technique such as ammonia electro-oxidation is of paramount importance. The development of highly efficient and low-costing electrocatalysts for the ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) associated with ammonia removal is subsequently crucial. In this study, for the first time, the authors demonstrate that a perovskite oxide LaNi Cu O after being annealed in Ar (LNCO55-Ar), is an excellent non-noble bifunctional catalyst towards both AOR and HER, making it suitable as a symmetric ammonia electrolyser (SAE) in alkaline medium.

Combined application of zinc and silicon alleviates terminal drought stress in wheat by triggering morpho-physiological and antioxidants defense mechanisms.

Wheat is an important global staple food crop; however, its productivity is severely hampered by changing climate. Erratic rain patterns cause terminal drought stress, which affect reproductive development and crop yield. This study investigates the potential and zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) to ameliorate terminal drought stress in wheat and associated mechanisms.