Risk Factors for Natural Hearing Evolution in Newborns With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Importance: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the major cause of congenital nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss in children. Currently, criteria to identify infants at increased risk for unfavorable hearing outcome are lacking.

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with cCMV-related hearing improvement, hearing deterioration, and late-onset hearing loss.

Risk Factors for Hearing Loss at Birth in Newborns With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Importance: With a prevalence between 0.2% and 6.1% of all live births, congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is a major cause of congenital nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss.

Cochlear implant electrode array tip-foldover detection by electrode voltage telemetry.

Objectives: With the introduction of more flexible and thinner electrodes, such as Cochlear's Slim Modiolar Electrode, there is a higher risk of electrode insertion problems, in particular the tip foldover. Timely intraoperative detection of the problem would allow for direct intraoperative correction. This paper describes a non-radiological method for intraoperative tip foldover detection that is applicable in all surgical centers and can quickly deliver accurate results.

Novel Impedance Measures as Biomarker for Intracochlear Fibrosis.

Measurement of the complex electrical impedance of the electrode contacts can provide new insights into the factors playing a role in the preservation of residual hearing with cochlear implants (CIs). However, unraveling the contributions related to the different phenomena from impedance data necessitates more advanced measurement and analysis techniques. The present study explores a new impedance measurement option recently included into the cochlear-implant programming software and aims to contribute to a more solid basis for the clinical use of impedance measures as a biomarker for fibrous tissue formation.

En Hamac tympanoplasty and canalplasty for optimal type 1 tympanoplasty outcomes.

Objective: Multiple tympanoplasty techniques have been developed with numerous differences in grafting and approach. This study aimed to improve type 1 tympanoplasty outcomes by using the 'en hamac' technique as well as performing a complete canalplasty for anterior perforations.

Method: A retrospective review was performed using the prospective Otology-Neurotology Database tool for otological surgery.

Congenital CMV-Associated Hearing Loss: Can Brain Imaging Predict Hearing Outcome?

Objectives: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the leading cause of nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss in childhood and is also associated with CNS abnormalities. The main objective is to investigate the prognostic value of neonatal cranial ultrasound (cUS) and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in predicting long-term hearing outcome in a large cohort of cCMV-infected symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.

Design: Data were prospectively collected from a multicentre Flemish registry of children with cCMV infection born between 2007 and 2016.

Labyrinthine enhancement on 3D black blood MR images of the brain as an imaging biomarker for cisplatin ototoxicity in (lung) cancer patients.

Purpose: Cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy can present with ototoxicity symptoms. The purpose of this work is to report the imaging features related to cisplatin ototoxicity.

Methods: Between December 2015 and March 2019, a cohort of 96 consecutive patients with lung cancer was selected.

Long-term results of a modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty for sleep-disordered breathing.

Our aim was to evaluate the long-term objective and subjective results of a modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP) technique in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Single center prospective study of 35 patients underwent an ESP as a primary surgical treatment between June 2012 and September 2015 at the hospital AZ Sint-Jan Bruges-Ostend. Patients were divided into non-OSAS and OSAS (AHI >5).

Congenital laryngeal cyst: an unusual cause of stridor in the neonate.

Background: Congenital laryngeal cysts are a rare, but potentially fatal, cause of airway obstruction in infants and children. Most laryngeal cysts are acquired. Here, we describe a congenital laryngeal cyst, its treatment, and its presentation immediately after birth.

Transoral robotic surgery for parapharyngeal lesions: a case series of four benign tumours.

Objectives: The parapharyngeal space (PPS) is an anatomically complex space in the vicinity of vital structures. With the introduction of the daVinci robot in head and neck surgery, the surgical robotic system is now being used to gain direct access to the parapharyngeal space and to excise the tumors endoscopically. This study evaluates the outcomes of four patients with benign PPS tumors treated with a transoral robotic surgery approach in a single centre.

Hearing in Children with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Results of a Longitudinal Study.

Objectives: To evaluate hearing outcome, to characterize the nature of symptomatic and asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection and associated hearing loss, and to compare results with data from previous studies.

Study Design: A prospective multicenter registry was set up in 2007. Six centers participated in the development of a standardized protocol for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.

Cone beam computed tomography, a low-dose imaging technique in the postoperative assessment of cochlear implantation.

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become an extremely useful technique for dentomaxillofacial imaging because it provides clear images of highly contrasted structures. Previous studies evaluating the applicability of this technique in otologic imaging were very encouraging but were only performed in vitro on temporal bone specimens. The intracochlear positioning of the individual electrodes after cochlear implantation by means of CBCT has not yet been shown in vivo.

Imaging of intralabyrinthine schwannomas: a retrospective study of 52 cases with emphasis on lesion growth.

Background And Purpose: Only a few case reports and small series of intralabyrinthine schwannomas (ILSs) have been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence, MR characteristics, location, clinical management, and growth potential/patterns of ILSs in the largest series reported.

Materials And Methods: Lesion localization, MR characteristics, lesion growth, and clinical management were reviewed in 52 patients diagnosed with an ILS between February 1991 and August 2007 in 2 referral centers.

Post-traumatic pulsatile tinnitus: the hallmark of a direct carotico-cavernous fistula.

Following trauma to her right frontal region, a 68-year-old woman suffered bilateral, benign, paroxysmal, positional vertigo and a left-sided, longitudinal petrosal bone fracture, with secondary facial palsy and ossicular luxation. From the onset, the patient complained of pulsatile, left-sided tinnitus. After eight weeks, she developed left-sided ocular symptoms, progressing from conjunctival hyperaemia and orbital oedema to an abducens nerve palsy, and ultimately to heart failure.

Reparative granuloma related to perilymphatic fistula.

Reparative granuloma is defined as an 'exaggeration of the normal reparative process' (Schuknecht) after stapes surgery, often resulting in a destruction of the labyrinth. It is ascribed to a foreign body reaction, yet there are insufficient histological data to prove this and although rare, the problem is still with us. We encountered two patients in whom the history contains elements evoking a perilymphatic fistula.

Eosinophilic fungal rhinosinusitis (EFRS): a distinct CT/MRI-entity? A European experience.

Objective: To determine the value of radiological features in the diagnosis of Eosinophilic Fungal Rhinosinusitis (EFRS).

Study Design: Retrospective review of the radiological materials of 65 patients with documented Eosinophilic Fungal Rhinosinusitis treated at the same institution.

Methods: Evaluation by the ENT surgeon and the head and neck radiologist.

Microbiology of sinus puncture versus middle meatal aspiration in acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis.

Background: Maxillary sinus puncture is considered the gold standard for diagnosing acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis (ABMS) and for identifying bacterial pathogens in antimicrobial trials of ABMS. However, sinus puncture and aspiration is all invasive, time-consuming procedure that is limited by discomfort to the patient and possible complications. Therefore, the diagnostic usefulness in clinical practice and patient enrollment in studies of ABMS is hindered and alternatives for maxillary sinus puncture are being investigated.

Varicella zoster virus: beyond facial paralysis.

J. Ramsay Hunt's hypothesis that herpes zoster oticus results from a reactivation of the herpes zoster virus in the geniculate ganglion, has been supported by the demonstration of varicella zoster viral DNA in the geniculate ganglion of the side with facial paralysis in patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome, with the use of the polymerase chain reaction. Similarly, DNA of the varicella zoster virus has been identified in the spiral and vestibular ganglion as well.

Ramsay Hunt syndrome: pathophysiology of cochleovestibular symptoms.

Ramsay Hunt's hypothesis that herpes zoster oticus results from reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the geniculate ganglion is supported by the detection of viral genome in archival temporal bones of normals and Ramsay Hunt patients by the polymerase chain reaction. Ramsay Hunt syndrome is characterized by the presence of cochleovestibular symptoms in association with facial paralysis. VZV has also been demonstrated in the spiral and/or vestibular ganglion.

CT and MR imaging of congential abnormalities of the inner ear and internal auditory canal.

The embryology of the inner ear must be known as many of the inner ear malformations present as a result of the arrest during the various stages of embryology. These malformations are described in this "embryologic" perspective and specific names for certain malformations are no longer used. Both CT and MR can be used to look at inner ear malformations but often both techniques are complementary.

Symmetrical ethmoidal metastases from ductal carcinoma of the breast, suggesting transcribrosal spread.

Symmetrical ethmoidal metastases from ductal carcinoma of the breast, suggesting transcribrosal spread. While half of breast cancers develop metastases, the appearance of metastatic disease in paranasal sinuses from this origin is very rare. Eighteen other cases were found in the literature, dating from 1939 till now.

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from a tegmen defect: transmastoid repair with minicraniotomy.

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea is a rare condition that presents in 2 clinical categories. In congenital labyrinthine malformations, it leads to bouts of meningitis in a hearing-impaired child. In the adult age group, a spontaneous CSF leak almost always results from a dural and bony defect in the tegmen area.

Aplasia and hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve: diagnosis with MR imaging.

Purpose: To introduce aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VCN) as a possible cause of hearing loss and to identify the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of this entity.

Materials And Methods: In seven patients with congenital deafness or unexplained sensorineural hearing loss, MR imaging enabled diagnosis of aplasia or hypoplasia of the VCN. Axial (0.

Inner ear malformations in patients with sensorineural hearing loss: detection with gradient-echo (3DFT-CISS) MRI.

The sensitivity of different MRI sequences in the detection of inner ear malformations in patients presenting with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and/or vertigo was evaluated. We studied 650 patients presenting with SNHL and/or vertigo, clinically not suspected of having inner ear malformations. The sensitivity of T1-weighted, Gd-enhanced T1-weighted and (when available) T2-weighted spin-echo images, and three-dimensional Fourier transformation-constructive interference in steady state (3DFT-CISS) gradient-echo images, to unexpected malformations was assessed.