Spatial transcriptomics in bone mechanomics: Exploring the mechanoregulation of fracture healing in the era of spatial omics.

In recent decades, the field of bone mechanobiology has sought experimental techniques to unravel the molecular mechanisms governing the phenomenon of mechanically regulated fracture healing. Each cell within a fracture site resides within different local microenvironments characterized by different levels of mechanical strain; thus, preserving the spatial location of each cell is critical in relating cellular responses to mechanical stimuli. Our spatial transcriptomics-based "mechanomics" platform facilitates spatially resolved analysis of the molecular profiles of cells with respect to their local in vivo mechanical environment by integrating time-lapsed in vivo micro-computed tomography, spatial transcriptomics, and micro-finite element analysis.

Genome location, evolution and centromeric contribution of satellite DNAs shared between the two closely related species Drosophila serido and D. antonietae (repleta group, buzzatii cluster).

Satellite DNAs are highly repetitive, tandemly arranged sequences, typically making up large portions (> 20%) of the eukaryotic genome. Most satDNAs are fast evolving and changes in their abundance and nucleotide composition may be related to genetic incompatibilities between species. Here, we used Illumina paired-end sequencing raw data and graph-based read-clustering with the TAREAN bioinformatic tool to study the satDNAs in two cactophilic neotropical cryptic species of Drosophila from the buzzatii cluster (repleta group), D.

Mortality from Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Brazil-Historical Series.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively prevalent disease, primarily of a genetic etiology, affecting both sexes and characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy. However, limitations within healthcare systems, socioracial factors, and the issue of underdiagnosis hinder accurate mortality assessments in our region. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the mortality trends associated with HCM in Brazil from 2010 to 2020, with a focus on socioracial factors and healthcare disparities.

performance of lean bioabsorbable Mg-Ca alloy X0 and comparison to WE43: Influence of surface modification and alloying content.

Magnesium alloys present a compelling prospect for absorbable implant materials in orthopedic and trauma surgery. This study evaluates an ultra-high purity, lean magnesium-calcium alloy (X0), both with and without plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification, in comparison to a clinically utilized WE43 magnesium alloy. It is shown that the mechanical properties of X0 can be tuned to yield a high-strength material suitable for bone screws (with an ultimate tensile strength of 336 MPa) or a ductile material appropriate for intraoperatively deformable plates (with an elongation at fracture of 24 %).

Multiproxy quantitative paleoceanographic dataset from late Quaternary marine sediment archives in the western Ross Sea (Antarctica).

The past ice sheet dynamics and the timing of retreat events in the paleo-record in the Ross Sea is an issue still few understood. In order to contribute to this topic, we provide a multiproxy data from marine sediment archives (cores and box cores) collected in three sites in the Central Basin (Western Ross Sea, Antarctica). Each site recorded different environments, affected by different oceanographic conditions and sedimentary regime.

Unveiling frailty: comprehensive and sex-specific characterization in prematurely aging PolgA mice.

Frailty, a geriatric syndrome, is assessed using the frailty phenotype (FP) and frailty index (FI). While these approaches have been applied to aging mice, their effectiveness in prematurely aging mouse models such as PolgA (PolgA) has not been completely explored. We demonstrated that frailty became evident in PolgA mice around 40 weeks, validated through body weight loss, reduced walking speed, decreased physical activity, and weaker grip strength.

Magic for the blind: are auditory tricks impossible?

Many magic tricks rely solely on vision, but there are few, if any, that rely on auditory perception alone. Here, we question why this is so and argue that research focusing on this issue could provide deeper theoretical insights into the similarities and differences between our senses.

Local administration of regulatory T cells promotes tissue healing.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial immune cells for tissue repair and regeneration. However, their potential as a cell-based regenerative therapy is not yet fully understood. Here, we show that local delivery of exogenous Tregs into injured mouse bone, muscle, and skin greatly enhances tissue healing.

Patient Satisfaction Following Non-Operative Treatment of Geriatric Hip Fractures: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: A minority of geriatric hip fracture patients pursue non-operative treatment. Compared with surgical patients, non-operative patients have higher mortality rates. However, patient satisfaction following non-operative vs operative treatment has not been investigated extensively.

Management of Femoral and Tibial Shaft Fractures in Patients With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: To compare outcomes and complications between nonoperative and operative management of femur and tibia fractures in patients with paraplegia or quadriplegia from chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Three Level-1 Trauma centers.

Is there a relationship between knee crepitus with quadriceps muscle thickness and strength in individuals with patellofemoral pain? A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To explore the relationship between knee crepitus, quadriceps muscle thickness and isometric strength in individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Participants: Individuals with PFP.

Daily rhythms in metabolic and locomotor behaviour of prematurely ageing PolgA mice.

Ageing is an inherent and intricate biological process that takes place in living organisms as time progresses. It involves the decline of multiple physiological functions, leading to body structure and overall performance modifications. The ageing process differs among individuals and is influenced by various factors, including lifestyle, environment and genetic makeup.

Elucidating the mechano-molecular dynamics of TRAP activity using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated fluorescent reporter mice.

Osteoclasts are essential for bone remodeling by adapting their resorptive activity in response to their mechanical environment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated the role of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP, Acp5), a key enzyme secreted by osteoclasts, in bone remodeling and mechanosensitivity.

Ice sheet-free West Antarctica during peak early Oligocene glaciation.

One of Earth's most fundamental climate shifts, the greenhouse-icehouse transition 34 million years ago, initiated Antarctic ice sheet buildup, influencing global climate until today. However, the extent of the ice sheet during the Early Oligocene Glacial Maximum (~33.7 to 33.

A large-scale transcontinental river system crossed West Antarctica during the Eocene.

Extensive ice coverage largely prevents investigations of Antarctica's unglaciated past. Knowledge about environmental and tectonic development before large-scale glaciation, however, is important for understanding the transition into the modern icehouse world. We report geochronological and sedimentological data from a drill core from the Amundsen Sea shelf, providing insights into tectonic and topographic conditions during the Eocene (~44 to 34 million years ago), shortly before major ice sheet buildup.

Microvascular Disease Associates with Larger Osteocyte Lacunae in Cortical Bone in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Clinical studies indicate that microvascular disease (MVD) affects bone microstructure and decreases bone strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Osteocytes are housed in small voids within the bone matrix and lacunae and act as sensors of mechanical forces in bone. These cells regulate osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation as well as osteocytic perilacunar remodeling.

Mouse models of accelerated aging in musculoskeletal research for assessing frailty, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis - A review.

Musculoskeletal aging encompasses the decline in bone and muscle function, leading to conditions such as frailty, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. Unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms and developing effective treatments are crucial for improving the quality of life for those affected. In this context, accelerated aging models offer valuable insights into these conditions by displaying the hallmarks of human aging.

A 3D-Printed Assemblable Bespoke Scaffold as a Versatile Microcryogel Carrier for Site-Specific Regenerative Medicine.

Advances in additive manufacturing have led to diverse patient-specific implant designs utilizing computed tomography, but this requires intensive work and financial implications. Here, Digital Light Processing is used to fabricate a hive-structured assemblable bespoke scaffold (HIVE). HIVE can be manually assembled in any shape/size with ease, so a surgeon can create a scaffold that will best fit a defect before implantation.

Summer rain and wet soil rather than management affect the distribution of a toxic plant in production grasslands.

In the northern forelands of the Alps, farmers report an increase of Jacobaea aquatica in production grasslands. Due to its toxicity, the species affects grassland productivity and calls for costly control measures. We are investigating the extent to which management practices or climatic factors are responsible for the increase of the species and how the situation will change due to climate change.

Body Weight in Adolescent Men in Sweden and Risk of an Early Acute Coronary Event: A Prospective Population-Based Study.

Background Coronary heart disease remains the dominant cause of death worldwide. To improve cardiovascular disease prevention, knowledge of early key risk factors, especially those that are modifiable, is essential. The ongoing global obesity epidemic is of particular concern.

Trabecular bone remodeling in the aging mouse: A micro-multiphysics agent-based model using single-cell mechanomics.

Bone remodeling is regulated by the interaction between different cells and tissues across many spatial and temporal scales. Notably, models are regarded as powerful tools to further understand the signaling pathways that regulate this intricate spatial cellular interplay. To this end, we have established a 3D multiscale micro-multiphysics agent-based (micro-MPA) model of trabecular bone remodeling using longitudinal data from the sixth caudal vertebra (CV6) of PolgA mice, a mouse model of premature aging.

Mesenchyme-derived vertebrate lonesome kinase controls lung organogenesis by altering the matrisome.

Vertebrate lonesome kinase (VLK) is the only known secreted tyrosine kinase and responsible for the phosphorylation of a broad range of secretory pathway-resident and extracellular matrix proteins. However, its cell-type specific functions in vivo are still largely unknown. Therefore, we generated mice lacking the VLK gene (protein kinase domain containing, cytoplasmic (Pkdcc)) in mesenchymal cells.

In Silico Identification and Characterization of Satellite DNAs in 23 Species from the Group.

Satellite DNA (satDNA) is a class of tandemly repeated non-protein coding DNA sequences which can be found in abundance in eukaryotic genomes. They can be functional, impact the genomic architecture in many ways, and their rapid evolution has consequences for species diversification. We took advantage of the recent availability of sequenced genomes from 23 species from the group to study their satDNA landscape.