Intraocular Foreign Body: Etiology, Management, and Clinical Outcomes.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients with intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) treated in our center, which is a tertiary care general hospital, and to investigate the parameters affecting the final outcome.

Patients And Methods: Patients aged 18 years and older who underwent surgery for IOFB between October 2023 and November 2024 were included in the study. The variables analyzed were age, gender, location and anatomic regions of trauma, IOFB material and counts, initial and final (1 month after the last surgery) best corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure.

Evaluation of the effects of ND: YAG laser capsulotomy on choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index.

Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery, which is commonly treated using neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd-YAG) laser capsulotomy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Nd-YAG laser capsulotomy on retinal and choroidal structures. Thirty-four eyes from 32 patients with PCO were included.

Sex and Gender Differences in Face and Upper Extremity Allotransplantation: A Narrative Review of Implications and Impact.

Sex and gender differences play a significant role in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), impacting both surgical outcomes and postoperative care. While sex refers to biological distinctions and gender encompasses life experiences and behaviors, both factors are closely interrelated in transplantation. Biological sex differences, such as immune responses, hormonal fluctuations, and anatomical features influence graft adaptation and healing, while both sex and gender-specific factors affect psychological and functional recovery.

TDCM: An R Package for Estimating Longitudinal Diagnostic Classification Models.

Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) are psychometric models designed to classify examinees according to their proficiency or non-proficiency of specified latent attributes. Longitudinal DCMs have recently been developed as psychometric models for modeling changes in examinee proficiency statuses over time. Currently, software programs for estimating longitudinal DCMs are limited in functionality and generality, expensive, or cumbersome for applied researchers.

Theranostic nanoemulsions suppress macrophage-mediated acute inflammation in rats.

In inflammatory diseases or following an injury, dysregulated inflammation is a common driver of pain and tissue damage. Macrophages are immune cells that contribute to the initiation, maintenance, and resolution of inflammation due to their phenotypic plasticity in response to signals from inflammatory microenvironments. Macrophages infiltrate and polarize toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype (M-like), thereby increasing the severity of inflammation.

From Lab to Limb: Unraveling Translational Insights and Significance of Animal Models in Lower Extremity Transplantation.

The advancements in medicine throughout the twentieth century have been largely attributed to animal studies. The initial step in researching an animal disease is to establish a model closely resembling the clinical circumstances in humans. Consequently, an excellent animal model is essential for almost any experimental research.

Quantitative determination of leptin hormone using gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow assay.

A lateral flow assay (LFA) has been developed that can be used in point-of-care (PoC) use for the sensitive determination of leptin hormone. The limit of detection value was 0.158 ng/mL and the limit of quantification value was 0.

High-throughput non-homogenous 3D polycaprolactone scaffold for cancer cell and cancer-associated fibroblast mini-tumors to evaluate drug treatment response.

High-throughput screening (HTS) three-dimensional (3D) tumor models are a promising approach for cancer drug discovery, as they more accurately replicate cell behavior than two-dimensional (2D) models. However, assessing and comparing current 3D models for drug efficacy remains essential, given the significant influence of cellular conditions on treatment response. To develop mimicking 3D models, we evaluated two HTS 3D models established in 96-well plates with 3D polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds fabricated using two distinct methods, resulting in scaffolds with either homogenous or non-homogenous fiber networks.

Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Elaeagnus angustifolia L.

Research on natural antioxidants derived from plants has surged due to their potential health benefits. In the current study, the chemical composition, enzyme inhibitory activity, and antimicrobial effects of the Elaeagnus angustifolia L. plant, including leaves, flowers, and flower stalk (FS) extracts, were analyzed.

Experimental Models in Penile Transplantation: Translational Insights and Relevance to Clinical Application.

Animal research is an essential contributor to the medical achievements of the last century. The first step of studying a disease in animals is the development of a model which is relevant to the clinical situation in humans. Thus, a good animal model is the sine qua non of the experimental research.

Serotype switching in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST111 enhances adhesion and virulence.

Evolution of the highly successful and multidrug resistant clone ST111 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves serotype switching from O-antigen O4 to O12. How expression of a different O-antigen serotype alters pathogen physiology to enable global dissemination of this high-risk clone-type is not understood. Here, we engineered isogenic laboratory and clinical P.

Endoscopic holmium laser harvesting of bladder mucosal graft for urethroplasty: retrospective analysis of single center preliminary results.

Purpose: Urethral stricture disease (USD) incidence is estimated to be as high as 0.6-1.2%.

Relationship of 24-Hour Mean Arterial Pressure with Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Hypertension: Insights from Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.

Background: Twenty-four-hour mean arterial pressure (MAP) is underutilized for the diagnosis and risk assessment of hypertension in clinical settings. The objective of this study is to assess the relation of MAP with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) in diagnosing hypertension on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), while also examining its diagnostic effectiveness.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 24-hour ABPM of 532 adults.

Profiling of five urinary exosomal miRNAs for the differential diagnosis of patients with diabetic kidney disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the diagnostic utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) for distinguishing between urine samples from patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) and those with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Methods: In this multicentric, cross-sectional investigation, we enrolled patients diagnosed with DKD, individuals with primary biopsy-proven FSGS, and healthy controls. The top 5 miRNAs (hsa-mir-21, hsa-mir-30a, hsa-mir-193a, hsa-mir-196a, hsa-mir-200a) were selected to quantify miRNAs in urine samples.

The Use of Herbal Medicine and Dietary Supplements in Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the habits and knowledge of cancer patients regarding the use of herbal medicines and dietary supplements in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).

Methods: The data of 181 cancer patients who were over 18 years old and received ICIs were collected. The usage patterns, anticipated benefits and harms, and sources of supply were evaluated by filling researcher-prepared forms.

Solid-phase extraction coupled to automated centrifugal microfluidics SERS: Improving quantification of therapeutic drugs in human serum.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful method in analytical chemistry, but its application in real-life medical settings has been limited due to technical challenges. In this work, we introduce an innovative approach that is meant to advance the automation of microfluidics SERS to improve reproducibility and label-free quantification of two widely used therapeutic drugs, methotrexate (MTX) and lamotrigine (LTG), in human serum. Our methodology involves a miniaturized solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) method coupled to a centrifugal microfluidics disc with incorporated SERS substrates (CD-SERS).

Ten-Year Follow-Up of Lower Limb Replantation: Objective Evaluation With Gait Analysis.

The decision-making process for lower limb replantation involves several critical factors, such as age, comorbidities, ischemia time, type of injury, and psychosocial considerations. Advances in microsurgical techniques have led to a greater focus on enhancing functionality through limb salvage. To improve functional outcomes, it is essential to gain a better understanding of the current challenges in reconstruction and address them in future cases.

Detection of sildenafil and its 9 metabolites in a post-race horse urine sample: A case report.

The use of prohibited substances in horse racing is a major concern that jeopardizes both the fairness of competitions and the health of horses. This problem can stem from the use of licensed drugs for animal health, as well as unlicensed substances. Horse doping laboratories monitor the potential use of these substances in racehorses within the framework of regulations set by the International Federation of Horse Racing Authority.

Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin E Regulate the Bioactivity of Human Corneal Fibroblast Cells.

Corneal fibroblasts are involved in the wound healing of the cornea with proliferation, migration, and differentiation processes. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin E can enhance corneal wound healing when applied after a corneal lesion as an eye drop. Thus, this study was performed to determine the potential efficiency of a CoQ10 ophthalmical solution containing a CoQ10 and vitamin E D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS)-derived formulation in human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs) .

A World Update of Progress in Lower Extremity Transplantation: What's Hot and What's Not.

The field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is the new frontier of solid organ transplantation (SOT). VCA spans life-enhancing/life-changing procedures such as upper extremity, craniofacial (including eye), laryngeal, tracheal, abdominal wall, penis, and lower extremity transplants. VCAs such as uterus transplants are life giving unlike any other SOT.

Relationship between optic disc-foveal distance and choroidal and retinal nerve fibre thickness.

Background: The optic disc-foveal distance is very important because it is an anatomical measure of the fundus. As this distance increases and the fundus tensions, there can be variability in retinal and choroidal thickness. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between optic disc-foveal distance and choroidal and retinal nerve fibre thickness in healthy subjects.

Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Bipolar Disorder Patients and the Related Factors.

Background: This study's purpose is to determine the effects of current episode and the mood stabilizers on chorioretinal layer thicknesses of bipolar disorder (BD) patients using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: Sixty-seven patients were diagnosed with BD I and using lithium (Li) or valproic acid (VPA), of whom 20 were manic, 24 were depressive, and 23 were in remission, and 49 healthy individuals were included in the study. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer, and macular thicknesses of the participants were measured automatically using SD-OCT, and their choroid layer thicknesses were measured manually using the depth imaging mode of SD-OCT.

Preparation and Characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Carbonized Waste Rubber Biocomposite Films.

The technological properties of composite materials (thermal, strength, rheology, electrical and morphology) are very important parameters for high-performance applications. In this study, we aimed to improve the properties of PVA by using carbon materials obtained by the pyrolysis of waste tires, with the aim of recycling them instead of disposing of them. For this purpose, PVA biocomposite films containing carbonized waste rubber at different rates were prepared.

Voxelwise Multivariate Analysis of Brain-Psychosocial Associations in Adolescents Reveals 6 Latent Dimensions of Cognition and Psychopathology.

Background: Adolescence heralds the onset of considerable psychopathology, which may be conceptualized as an emergence of altered covariation between symptoms and brain measures. Multivariate methods can detect such modes of covariation or latent dimensions, but none specifically relating to psychopathology have yet been found using population-level structural brain data. Using voxelwise (instead of parcellated) brain data may strengthen latent dimensions' brain-psychosocial relationships, but this creates computational challenges.

Determination of chemical components of the endemic species L. plant extract by LC-MS/MS and evaluation of medicinal potentials.

The L. (Zuzubak) plant as a cultivated vegetable have various health benefits and consumed as a food. Due to the shortcoming evidence in literature and the importance of this plant in folk medicine, in the present study, for the first time, we evaluated the bioactive profile of components (using LC-MS/MS), cytotoxicity, anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial prospectives of Zuzubak methanol extract.