Use of polycaprolactone grafts for small-diameter blood vessels.

Current trends are toward actively developing approaches of tissue engineering, aimed at creating vascular grafts of small diameter. This is due to the existing in cardiovascular surgery demand for prostheses to be used in coronary artery bypass grafting. The present work was undertaken in order to assess possibilities of using smalldiameter vascular grafts made of biodegradable polymer polycaprolactone by means of electrospinning.

[Effect of polyoxyalkanoate -based cover on properties of suture material].

The results of a surgical intervention and, in particular, reconstructive operations on arteries are largely influenced by suture material. Despite a wide range of choice, the market concerned lacks suture material which would make it possible to decrease the risk of thrombosis in the area of the vascular anastomosis. In order to increase bio- and haemocompatibility, the surface of a polypropylene thread was covered with a layer based on polyoxyalkanoates - polyhydroxybutyrate and copolymer polyhydroxybutyrate-oxyvaleriate (PHBV).

[Metabolic and genetic predictors of restenosis and thrombosis of arterial bioprostheses in the femoropopliteal position].

The present study was aimed at analysing the role of certain cytokines in the development of restenosis and thrombosis of biological prostheses "KemAngioprosthesis", as well as assessing the effect of polymorphic variants of genes on expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins. Group One (n=52) was composed of patients with an unfavourable outcome (prosthesis restenosis, accompanied by thrombosis in 35 patients). Group Two (n=59) comprised patients with functioning and unaltered prostheses.

[Stereoscopic vision evaluation in patients after binocular implantation of different intraocular lens models].

Stereoscopic vision in patients after binocular implantation of different intraocular lens (IOL) models was evaluated. 24 patients (48 eyes) after cataract surgery were enrolled in the study. Follow-up was 12 months.

[Comparative analysis of arterial bioprostheses with various antithrombotic modification].

The present study was aimed at comparing the results of remote patency ol arterial bioprosthcses «KemAngioprosthesis» in infrainguinal position with various antithromhotic modifi cation. We analyzed the outcomes in a total of 133 patients who were subdivided into two groups: Group I (n=91) underwent implantation of hioprostheses with antithrombotic modifi calion by non-fractionated heparin. and Group II (n=42) received prostheses treated with low-molecular-weight heparin «Clexane».

[Transnasal wounds of the base of the skull encountered in the practical work of the otorhinolaryngologist].

The authors describe rare clinical observations of patients suffering transnasal injuries to the base of the skull. Based on their own experience, they propose practical recommendations for the management of such cases.

[The clinical and functional characteristics of the course of the dry eye syndrome associated with soft contact lens wear].

The study deals with the clinical course of the dry eye syndrome (DES) associated with soft contact lens (SCL) wear. One hundred and two subjects (204 eyes) aged 18 to 38 years were examined for DES. The course of the disease was compared among men and women at Stage 1, among hydrogel and silicone hydrogel SCL wearers at Stage 2, among the patients who had worn SCL for a year or longer and SCL nonusers.

[Pulmonary involvement in patients with hypertensive disease].

Methods: Parameters of spirometry, body plethysmography, and pulmonary diffusion capacity were measured in 46 patients (age 35-60 years, 40 men, 6 women) with stage I-II hypertensive disease (HD) without bronchial and pulmonary diseases, systolic dysfunction of left ventricular myocardium, obesity, current or past smoking.

Results: Increase of severity of HD and elevation of average values of arterial pressure (AP) was associated with mixed type worsening of parameters of pulmonary ventilation capacity. Negative correlations existed between parameters of 24 hour arterial pressure monitoring and spirometry.

[Metabolic and surgical predictors of restenoses and thromboses of biological grafts in the infrainguinal position].

The present study was aimed at revealing metabolic and surgical predictors of restenoses and thromboses of biological grafts "KemAngioprosthesis" in the infrainguinal position in the remote postoperative period. A total of 65patients (54.2% of the whole group) with primarily functioning bioprostheses underwent dispensary follow-up (consisting of comprehensive analysis of the haemostasis system, blood plasma lipid spectrum, findings of duplex scanning of the prosthesis and anastomosis zones).

[Sorption and contact-activating properties of the <> anastomosis zone: effect of suture material (communication II)].

The authors have carried out a comparative analysis of the interaction between two types of suture material with blood components, as well as studied the effect of heparin-mediated modification on the sorption and contact-activating processes in the zone of the anastomosis. The blood-compatible properties of the latter was assesses in vitro. It was determined that by minute 120 of the contact with blood, the largest amount of protein is had been absorbed by the anastomoses performed using the Prolene thread - 112 microg/cm2.

[Combined local therapy in oropharyngeal diseases].

A pilot trial of efficacy of the drugs lisobact and stomatidin in local treatment of acute pharyngitis and combined therapy of tonsillitis and paratonsillar abscess included 82 patients with tonsillitis (n=30), paratonsillar abscess (n=30) and acute pharyngitis (n=22) aged 15-72 years. Effectiveness of the treatment was assessed by changes in clinical symptoms, pharyngoscopic picture and results of bacteriological studies. It was found that treatment with lisobact and stomatidin diminished considerably bacterial contamination of the paratonsillar abscess and pharyngeal mucosa.

[Transformation of bioprosthesis-artery anastomotic area after blood exposure: the effect of suture material].

Vascular graft implantation is accompanied with tissue reaction which is determined partially by the nature of suture material. In experiments in vitro edges of arterial diepoxid-preserved bioprostheses were sutured with Prolene filament, nickelide-titanium wire (TiNi) or absorbable polydioxanone monofilament (PDS). Morphological changes in anastomotic area after blood exposure were assessed with scanning electronic microscope.

[Development of a venous-valve biological prosthetic graft for treatment of valvular insufficiency].

The present study was undertaken to experimentally assess a possibility of creating a xenogeneic biological venous-valve prosthetic graft using the vv. saphena medialis of the cattle. The findings obtained in the amino-acid analysis demonstrated that diglycidyl ether ofethylene glycol (DEEG) is an efficient suturing agent for xenoveins.

[Twelve-year experience of bioprosthesis implantation into infrainguinal arteries].

The study presents the results of 315 infrainguinal artery reconstructions with bioprostheses from bovine internal mammary artery treated with 5% solution of diepoxide (trade name "KemAngioprosthesis"). Primary patency of KemAngioprostheses was 37.5% (n=239) in above-knee and 7.

[Variants of plastic operations on the anterior wall of the frontal sinus].

Variants of plastic reconstruction of the frontal sinus anterior wall in its traumatic lesion is reviewed. Examination and treatment of 17 patients with the diagnosis of fracture of the frontal sinus anterior wall with a cosmetic defect were performed in Moscow hospital N 1. Plastic reconstruction consisted of reposition of the bone fragments with elevator (6 patients), reposition and suturing of the fragments to the border of the bone defect (9 patients).

[Characteristics of non invasive ultrasound determination of mechanical lens hardness].

Sixty-two patients with varying maturity cataract were examined to assess a new noninvasive method for determining the mechanical hardness of the nucleus of the lens. There was an inverse relation of the hardness of the nucleus to its relative acoustic density (delta). Comparison of the ultrasound density of the lens and the mechanical characteristics of its nucleus has provided the following classification: the lens hardness is high at delta of 0 to 0.

[Cytostatic effects of bifolar and chlofiden. Effect on protein synthesis and cell cycle].

Study of influence of new antitumor preparations bifolar and chlofiden on rat liver protein biosynthesis in vivo and on sarcoma-45 in vitro was carried out using labeled precursor 3H-leucine. It was shown that the preparations inhibited protein synthesis in normal and malignant tissues. Mitotic cycle and its phases were investigated with 3H-tymedin.

[Protein synthesizing cell apparatus in malignant growth and pharmacotherapy by chlofiden].

Data on the influence of a new antitumor preparation chlofiden on the general contents of rat liver ribosomes and sarcoma 45 and their division on free and membrane of membrane bound and decrease of free ribosomes during tumor growth supposed synthesis of specific proteins bound are given in the paper. It was shown that in the liver of tumor bearing rats total and membrane bound ribosomes decreased and the level of free ribosomes increased. High contents of free ribosomes in sarcoma 45 may testify increase of intracellular protein synthesis including processes of cell growth and division as well as the tendency for increase.

[Mechanism of action of a novel antitumor preparation of chlofiden. Effect on RNA synthesis].

Study of the influence of the antitumor preparation chlofiden on RNA synthesis by sarcoma 45 and liver cells was carried out using 14C-orotic acid. Chlofiden was shown to activate RNA transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and to reduce label incorporation into the nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA. Chlofiden increased the rate of RNA processes, which promoted some increase of label incorporation into low molecular RNA fraction of the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

[Effect of bifolar and chlofiden on DNA synthesis of sarcoma 45 cells and on mitotic activity of rat small intestine epithelium].

Results of the study on the influence of new antitumor preparations chlofiden and bifolar on sarcoma 45 DNA synthesis and on mitotic activity are given. It was shown that bifolar and chlofiden led to inhibition of label incorporation into DNA (3H-thymidine). Inhibition of mitotic activity after injection of both preparations in toxic doses (DL50) was revealed.

[Work conditions and occupational morbidity in Komi Republic].

The authors discuss some features of occupational morbidity among resident workers, deeply analyze state of occupational morbidity among coal mining workers. The article contains research results on premorbid conditions among miners of Transpolar regions, covers experience of complex influence on work conditions to better them.

[The dynamics of the normalization of the behavioral and neurochemical disorders evoked in rats by deprivation of the paradoxical sleep phase].

The 24-hr deprivation of paradoxical sleep interferes with the passive avoidance response in rats and decreases the absolute amount of proteins in neurons and gliocytes of the raphe nucleus' dorsal portion while increasing the amount of proteins and nucleic acids in the locus coeruleus' cells. The protein metabolism in serotoninergic cells of the raphe nucleus seems to be involved in the processes of memory and behaviour.

[The effect of mexidol on the dynamics of the normalization of the neurochemical and behavioral parameters of rats after deprivation of the paradoxical sleep phase].

Using cytophotometric method it was shown that intraperitoneal injection of mexidol in the dose of 50 mg/kg resulted in a significant accumulation of proteins and RNA in cells of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and locus coeruleus (LC) 6 hs following the injection. In rats deprived of paradoxical sleep for 24 hours, the effect of mexidol prevented the decrease in DRN proteins and RNA and even increased them, and prevented their decrease in LC. In the postdeprivation period, the beneficial effect of mexidol manifested itself in the acceleration of normalizing the levels of proteins and RNA in DRN and LC.