Screening of chronic radiation proctitis and colorectal cancer using periodic total colonoscopy after external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of colorectal cancer and chronic radiation proctitis after prostate radiotherapy using periodic total colonoscopy screening.

Methods: From February 2013 to January 2018, 270 patients who underwent external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer were advised to receive periodic total colonoscopy screening annually. We evaluated the incidence and characteristics of colorectal cancer and chronic radiation proctitis.

Correlation with spontaneous pneumothorax and weather change, especially warm front approaching.

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) occurs more frequently in young, tall men, with approximately 10,000 times video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) annually in Japan is undergoing for surgical treatment. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, but several reports have suggested correlation with weather conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between onset of PSP and changes in weather.

Electroconvulsive Therapy for Patients With Depression Who Lack Capacity for Consent: Doing Good and Doing No Harm.

Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is provided in real-world clinical settings for patients lacking capacity for consent. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and clinical effectiveness of ECT in this population.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to collect data from patients who received ECT to treat their depressive episodes between April 2012 and March 2019.

Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Patients with Mild Hyperphenylalaninemia Identified by Newborn Screening Program in Japan.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), both identified in newborn screening, are attributable to variants in . Reportedly, the p.R53H(c.

Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow from rectal cancer: A case report.

A 66-year-old man presented with worsening dyspnea. A colonoscopy revealed an elevated lesion at the rectosigmoid junction. The biopsy specimen and bone marrow aspiration demonstrated adenocarcinoma, leading to a diagnosis of disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow.

Validity and reproducibility of foot motion analysis using a stretch strain sensor.

Background: Multi-segment foot analysis is traditionally challenging to perform while subjects are wearing footwear or a foot orthosis and is difficult to apply in the clinical setting. A recently developed stretch strain sensor (STR), that is thin and highly flexible, may solve this limitation because it does not require observation using a camera and is highly portable.

Research Question: This study aimed to examine the reproducibility and validity of foot motion analysis using the STR during walking and running by comparing it with a conventional motion capture system.

"Case series: ischemic stroke associated with dehydration and arteriosclerosis in individuals with severe anorexia nervosa".

Background: Numerous reports have indicated that patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are at a relatively high risk of developing vascular diseases, including cardiovascular events and venous thromboembolism. However, there have been no previous reports of the development of ischemic stroke during refeeding therapy in patients with severe AN. This report is aimed at reporting the characteristics of an ischemic stroke in patients with AN.

Short- and long-term outcomes of self-expanding metallic stent placement vs. emergency surgery for malignant colorectal obstruction.

The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy does not recommend self-expanding metal stent (SEMS) placement as a bridge to surgery (BTS) for malignant colorectal obstruction (MCRO). However, no universally accepted consensus has been determined. The present study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of SEMS placement vs.

Comparison of User Satisfaction and Preference with Inhalant Devices Between a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler and Ellipta in Stable Asthma Patients: A Randomized, Crossover Study.

Introduction: Inhalation therapy involves two types of adherence: adherence to the drug and adherence to the procedures for the inhalation device. User satisfaction and preference are key factors for maintaining good adherence of both types, and they should be evaluated based on three conditions being well maintained: asthma control level (ACL), adherence, and adequate device operability during usage duration. We compared user satisfaction and preference between a pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) and a dry powder inhaler (Ellipta), while maintaining the three conditions during usage in stable asthma patients.

Analysis of Primary Reactions in Biomass Oxidation with O in Hot-Compressed Alkaline Water.

The present study investigated oxidation of pulverized Japanese cedar with O in hot-compressed alkaline water, employing a newly developed flow-through fixed-bed reactor (percolator). It allowed us to determine the rate of the primary extraction that was free from the secondary reactions of extract in the aqueous phase and those over the residual solid, solubility of extractable matter, and mass transport processes. Quantitative kinetic analysis revealed that the cedar consisted of three kinetic components (C1-C3) that underwent extraction in parallel following first-order kinetics with different rate constants.

Forwards-backwards hand velocity induced by the upper trunk rotation in front crawl strokes and its association with the stroke frequency.

The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of the upper trunk rotation consisting of roll-pitch-yaw to hand velocity in the forwards-backwards direction during front crawl strokes and to investigate the association of forwards-backwards hand velocity induced by the upper trunk rotation with stroke frequencies. Fifteen skilled swimmers with retro-reflective markers performed front crawl strokes in a swimming pool where a motion capture system was set. Forwards-backwards hand velocity solely induced by the upper trunk rotation was determined during the performance.

Combined endocytoscopy with pit pattern diagnosis in ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia: Pilot study.

Objectives: Ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasias (UCAN) are often flat with an indistinct boundary from surrounding tissues, which makes differentiating UCAN from non-neoplasias difficult. Pit pattern (PIT) has been reported as one of the most effective indicators to identify UCAN. However, regenerated mucosa is also often diagnosed as a neoplastic PIT.

Femtosecond X-ray spectroscopy of haem proteins.

We discuss our recently reported femtosecond (fs) X-ray emission spectroscopy results on the ligand dissociation and recombination in nitrosylmyoglobin (MbNO) in the context of previous studies on ferrous haem proteins. We also present a preliminary account of femtosecond X-ray absorption studies on MbNO, pointing to the presence of more than one species formed upon photolysis.

Relationship between pain, elbow valgus instability, and the function of flexor pronator muscles in baseball players.

Hypothesis: We hypothesize that ulnohumeral joint space distance due to gravity valgus stress may not be related to pain in the medial elbow of the dominant arm in baseball players.

Methods: Thirty-one male baseball players were divided into an ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury group (n = 16) and a Healthy group (n = 15). The injury groups were diagnosed with UCL injury by magnetic resonance imaging, and was defined as having pain during throwing.

Depressed Colorectal Cancer: A New Paradigm in Early Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction: In contrast to most colorectal carcinomas arising from pedunculated or sessile protruded adenomas, submucosal-invasive (pT1) colorectal carcinoma exhibiting a depressed surface (hereinafter, "depressed colorectal carcinoma," identified by means of high-definition endoscopy) is considered to be derived from depressed precursors. We hypothesized that depressed colorectal neoplasms have unique clinicopathological features different that are different from those of protruded and flat colorectal neoplasms.

Methods: We classified 27,129 colorectal neoplasms (909 pT1 carcinomas and 26,220 adenomas) resected between 2001 and 2017 into depressed (211 carcinomas and 109 adenomas), flat (304 carcinomas and 11,246 adenomas), and protruded subtypes (394 carcinomas and 14,865 adenomas) and compared their clinicopathological features.

Obesity is not a risk factor for either mortality or complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystitis.

Obesity is a positive predictor of surgical morbidity. There are few reports of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) outcomes in obese patients. This study aimed to clarify this relationship.

Diaphragmatic excursion correlates with exercise capacity and dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients.

Background: Although the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of dyspnoea and poor exercise tolerance in patients with COPD are complex, dynamic lung hyperinflation (DLH) plays a central role. Diaphragmatic excursions can be measured by ultrasonography (US) with high intra- and interobserver reliability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diaphragmatic excursions as assessed by US on exercise tolerance and DLH in patients with COPD.

Risk Stratification of T1 Colorectal Cancer Metastasis to Lymph Nodes: Current Status and Perspective.

With the widely spreading population-based screening programs for colorectal cancer and recent improvements in endoscopic diagnosis, the number of endoscopic resections in subjects with T1 colorectal cancer has been increasing. Some reports suggest that endoscopic resection prior to surgical resection of T1 colorectal cancer has no adverse effect on prognosis and contributes to this tendency. The decision on the need for surgical resection as an additional treatment after endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer should be made according to the metastasis risk to lymph nodes based on histopathological findings.

Electroconvulsive Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established treatment for psychiatric disorders, including depression and psychosis. ECT has been reported to be effective in treating such psychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and has been also reported to be effective in treating motor symptoms. The aim of the study is to summarize previous clinical studies investigating the efficacy of ECT for symptoms in patients with PD.

Low-frequency oscillations of finger skin blood flow during the initial stage of cold-induced vasodilation at different air temperatures.

Background: Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) is known to be influenced by the ambient temperature. Frequency analysis of blood flow provides information on physiological regulation of the cardiovascular system, such as myogenic, neurogenic, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) dependent, and NO-independent activities. In this study, we hypothesized that the major origin of CIVD occurs prior to the CIVD event and investigated finger skin blood flow during the initial stage of CIVD at different ambient temperatures using frequency analysis.

Deep Delignification of Woody Biomass by Repeated Mild Alkaline Treatments with Pressurized O.

Delignification is essential in effective utilization of carbohydrates of lignocellulosic biomass. Characteristics of the delignification are important for the yield and property of the resulting carbohydrates. Oxidation with O of biomass in alkaline water can potentially produce high-purity cellulose at high yield.