Volume of luteal tissue and concentration of serum progesterone in cows bearing homogeneous corpus luteum or corpus luteum with cavity.

Ultrasonographical examinations of ovarian structures were performed in 27 inseminated cows at estrus days and on days 4, 9, 20, 25, 30, and 40 after ovulation. Three cows were used twice. Corpora lutea (CLs) with a cavity were compared with homogeneous CLs.

[Metabolic profile in cows in the peripartum period with and without retained placenta].

Blood samples were taken and subjected to biochemical analysis in the crossbred cows of the Red-Pied, Black-Pied or Holstein-Friesian breed raised on a large farm under standard conditions, with the average annual milk yield of 4,300 kg milk, and divided into two groups--cows with afterbirth retention and without it; the samples were taken in the last period of pregnancy (since day 245), during parturition, and within the first 50 days post partum. In both groups, the values of acid-base balance and metabolic profile mostly ranged within the interval of reference values, nevertheless there were certain trends and differences in absolute values as well as in the dynamics of changes, but they did not always show a doubtless character and the same significance. The cows with afterbirth retention exhibited a trend of a more expressive decrease in partial pressure CO2, actual acid output and phosphorus level.

[The ovarian response and conception rate in cows during experimental nitrate loading].

The effects of potassium nitrate were investigated on ovarian activity, especially on ovarian activity, especially on follicle ripening and ovulation, conception rate and progesterone levels in the milk of cows with cloprostenol-induced oestrus (Oestrophan Spofa) at a rate of 500 micrograms i.m. Potassium nitrate was administered at an amount of 150 g per head/day, and this amount increased by 50 g every other fortnight to the total rate of 300 g per head/day.

[Early sonographic diagnosis of twin pregnancy in mares and its reduction to a single pregnancy].

The frequency of double ovulation and the chances of twin pregnancy in the mare are presented with reference to the relevant literature. A novel manual technique for reducing the embryo number from two to one is introduced and illustrated by ultrasonographic images.

[The ovarian response and fertility in cows with acidosis induced by acetic acid].

The effects of acetic acid administered at an amount of 300 to 600 g (5 to 10 mol) to the rumen of breeding cows, were investigated on ovulation, conception and progesterone levels in the blood and milk of cows with cloprostenol-induced (Oestrophan Spofa) oestrus at a dose of 500 micrograms i.m. In the group of 15 cows exposed to the acetic acid load five cows got in calf after the first insemination (33.

[Microscopic changes in intercaruncular endometrium and ovarian follicles in cows 35 days after parturition].

Surface epithelium of intercaruncular endometrium in pluriparous cows, crossbreds of Bohemian Pied cattle with Holstein-Friesian cattle, was not coherent until day 15 after parturition, with a variable height of cells (16-64 microns). Oedematous nature of lamina propria was subsiding gradually. From day 15 to day 20 after parturition the cell height of coherent surface epithelium and uterine glands became equable and stabilized (16-32 microns), and the lamina propria assumed its cellular nature with marked infiltration of polymorphonuclears and lymphocytes.

[Biochemical changes in the peripheral blood in cows 45 days after parturition].

Blood samples were collected from v. jugularis in five-day intervals from parturition to postpartum day 45 in the rearing conditions of a dairy cow production herd, consisting of 10 groups with 10 pluriparous cows each (crossbreds of Bohemian Pied cattle with Holstein-Friesian cattle). In blood serum the following activities were determined photometrically: aspartate aminotransferase--AST (0.

[Chemical contamination of the cervical mucus in cows in relation to pregnancy and age factors].

Applying the method of absorption atom spectrometry (AAS), the contamination of cervical mucus by chemical elements (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn) was demonstrated in the oestrus period of cows in different ecological agricultural regions of the North Moravian region. The results of observation revealed only a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.05) in Cd contents in the test groups; test group mean = 0.

[Relation between cervical mucus sperm toxicity and pregnancy in cows].

Cervical secretion was collected from 99 dairy cows of the Black Pied Lowland breed at an age of 24 to 109 months with a minimum performance of 4000 kg of milk annually in spontaneous oestrus 42 days post partum at the minimum. It was demonstrated by the radioimmunological determination of progesterone in skim milk that from all the breeding cows (n = 99) the oestral secretion was collected during an optimum insemination time (x = 0.19 ng.

[Toxic elements in the sex organs of the cow and their relationship to fertility].

The content of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn) has been determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in parts of genital organs of cows with and without reproductive disorders, in blood, in placenta, in colostrum, and in the calf blood. The samples were collected in an industrially polluted area and in a relatively non-polluted area. It has been proven in the group of 99 cows that the biological quality of the oestrous cervical mucus is also influenced by toxic elements.

[Levels of toxic elements--Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn--in the blood and placenta of cows during parturition and in newborn calves].

It was demonstrated that mother's blood and the blood of new-born calves were contaminated by toxic elements in exposed and non-exposed area. The average Cd and Zn levels differed at high statistical significance (P less than 0.01) in the mothers blood from non-exposed regions in comparison with the average Cd and Zn levels from exposed region.

[The adenohypophyseal response and effect of GnRh (Dirigestran inj. Spofa) administration in cows in the postpartum period].

Radioimmunological investigation (RIA) of the level of pituitary FSH in the peripheral blood of cows after parturition demonstrated that this level increased successively. The FSH value of 32.93 +/- 3.

Clinical evaluation of ketone bodies in body fluids of cows in late pregnancy and their fetuses.

Ketone body concentrations were determined in six body fluids of cows in late pregnancy and their fetuses (blood plasma and urine of cows, amniotic and allantoic fetal fluids, and fetal blood serum and urine) using the head-space gas chromatographic method. Physiological ratios O/T% of oxidized (acetone and acetoacetic acid) to total (acetone, isopropanol, acetoacetic and 3-hydroxybutyric acid) ketone bodies were below 10% in cow blood plasma and urine, fetal serum and urine, and allantoic fluid, and below 20% in amniotic fluid. A scheme for the evaluation of the degree and duration of ketosis based on the O/T% ratio is proposed.

[Metabolic profile of newborn calves and levels of immunoglobulins in the first days of life].

After examination of the clinical state of 128 new-born calves, blood was collected from their vena jugularis for the determination of blood actual pH value, concentration of lactic acid, pCO2, base excess, buffer base and standard acid bicarbonate. The course and difficulty of parturition exerted a significant influence on the vitality of the calves and on the studied parameters of acid-base state. In the normally born calves, compared with those after dystocia, the following values were obtained: pH 7.

[Changes in the blood picture during puerperium of Czech white-breed sows under large-scale breeding conditions].

A dynamics of the changes of the red and while blood cell count during puerperium (1st-27th day post partum) was studied in 293 sows of the Czech White breed kept in typical large-scale production conditions. An average count of erythrocytes amounted to 5 513 000 +/- 385 514. In the course of puerperium their count slightly decreased in comparison with the value obtained on the first day p.

[Levels of some minerals, glucose and vitamin A in the blood serum of sows during puerperium under large-scale breeding conditions].

A partial chemical analysis of the blood serum of 293 suckling sows kept under typical large-scale production conditions were performed; the sows were divided into groups according to the individual days of puerperium. The calcium content was 8.23 +/- 1.

[Reproductive capacity and milk production in cows of various cattle breeds as related to age at the ist calving].

The course of parturition, the ability to get in-calf, and milk production were studied in 348 first-calved cows, in 162 cows of the Bohemian Spotted breed, 88 cows of the Black-Pied Lowland breed, and 98 crossbreds of these two breeds divided into three categories according to the age at the first calving (from 21 to 23 months, 24 months, and from 25 to 29 months). There were only slight differences in the average calf birth weight between the cows of all the breeds calving for the first time before the age of 24 months and cows calving later (lower by 0.70 kg, 1.

[Conception ability of early mated heifers of Bohemiam spotted and black-pied lowland cattle and their crossbreeds].

The conception rate of heifers was studied in dependence on their age and body weight at the first mating. The trial included 163 heifers of the Bohemian Spotted breed, 72 heifers of the Black-Pied Lowland breed, and 101 crossbreds between these two breeds. The heifers of the Bohemian Spotted breed mated for the first time at the age of 12 months had a lower weight than required by the standard (336 kg -- standard requires 360 kg) and a lower weight than the heifers of the other breeds under study.

[Changes in the dry matter and various minerals in the sow endometrium during the sexual cycle].

Analyses were performed in 16 praepubertal and 85 sexually mature gilts of the Bohemian Large White breed. The content of dry matter in the endometrium of praepubertal gilts was 15.511%, on an average, and in sexually mature sows 11.

[Glycogen content and the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase (ARP and AeP) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the sow endometrium during the sexual cycle].

Biochemical indices were determined in 101 samples of endometrium taken from 16 praepubertal and 85 sexually mature gilts divided into four groups according to the stage of the cycle. On an average, glycogen content in praepubertal gilts was 3.354 mg/g-1 of fresh endometrium tissue, and in sexually mature sows 3.