Regeneration of Rabbit Auricular Cartilage After the Intravenous Stem Cell Injection.

Background: The restoration of auricular cartilage is a major problem of otolaryngology. The low regenerative capacity of cartilage requires alternative approaches such as cell and tissue engineering. Stem cells are one of the ways to repair auricular cartilage damages.

[Clinicophoniatric assessment of efficacy of combined treatment of snoring patients].

A comprehensive clinicophoniatric examination of 55 patients before and after an original treatment of rhonchopathy allowed assessment of efficacy of this treatment consisting of surgery combined with electromyostimulation. A modified technique of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, a standard package of phonopedic tasks used for assessment of a functional condition of the vocal-speech apparatus in insufficiency of palatopharyngeal valve are described.

The duodenojejunal junction and Treitz ligament in the regulation of duodenal emptying.

In chronic experiments in dogs the evacuatory and absorptive duodenal functions and the level of duodenogastric reflux (DGR) in sham-operated dogs and dogs with transected Treitz ligament (TL) and resected duodenojejunal junction (DJJ) were studied. The electrophysiologic characteristics of the antrum, duodenum, and DJJ in sham-operated dogs were examined. It was shown that there is a coordination of gastric and duodenal solid carbohydrate food emptying.

[The dynamics of the evacuation of carbohydrate and fatty food from the stomach and duodenum].

The dynamics of the duodenal chyme evacuation depended on the absolute quantity of the stomach-evacuated food in dogs. The evacuation of the carbohydrate food was exponential. Fat food was evacuated in equal portions from the stomach and duodenum.

[The role of the duodenojejunal junction in regulating the evacuatory function of the duodenum].

Chronic experiment on dogs was performed to study the effect of duodenojejunal junction exclusion from the evacuatory process on dynamics of gastric and duodenal emptying of the carbohydrate and fatty food. It is established that in the case of exclusion of the duodenojejunal junction, the degree of coordination of gastric and duodenal emptying decreases, dynamics of chyme evacuation from the duodenum considerably changes. It is concluded that the duodenum is not a mere transporter of food coming from the stomach, but has its own regulation mechanisms represented by the duodenojejunal junction and the Treitz ligament.

[The role of Treitz' ligament in regulating the evacuation of solid food from the duodenum].

In the chronic experiments on dogs by means of modified method of multiple drainage of the intestinal fistulas, the effect of the Treitz ligament transection on dynamics of solid carbohydrate food evacuation from the duodenum was studied. It was established that in the norm, evacuation from the duodenum was submitted to exponential law and depended on absolute quantity of food evacuated from the stomach. After the Treitz ligament transection, the evacuation through intestine had a non-exponential character.

[Characteristics of the motor function of the proximal segment of the gastrointestinal tract].

Dynamics of the solid carbohydrate food evacuation from the duodenum has been determined in chronic experiments on dogs using modified technique for multiple drainage of intestinal fistulas. It is established that dynamics of the duodenal chyme emptying depends on the absolute quantity of the stomach-evacuated food and includes three phases: increase in the evacuation rate, exponential phase and that of accelerated evacuation. The highest rate of the duodenal contents is observed in the period from the 90th to 210th minute after food intake, the lowest one--at the end of the digestive cycle.

[The role of the duodenojejunal flexure in regulating the motor evacuatory function of the duodenum].

The authors studied the macro- and microstructure of the Treitz ligament and duodenojejunal flexure in 92 cadavers. The variants of the Treitz ligament diversion from the duodenojejunal flexure, its topographic anatomy are described. The effect of the Treitz ligament transection on evacuatory function of the duodenum in 3 dogs was studied.

[Anatomic features of the interventricular septum in persistent atrioventricular canal].

Twenty-two preparations of hearts with preserved atrioventricular canal have been investigated. Primary defect of the interatrial septum is a constant component of this pathological state. The size of the defect defines participation of the atria in formation of the atrioventricular canal.