Evaluation of l-cell activity in the small intestine according to the extension of the biliopancreatic loop in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass.

Background: Individuals with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus have reduced secretion of incretins by L cells. Studies suggest an increase in L cell activity according to the length of the Biliopancreatic Loop (BPL).

Objective: Compare the effect of biliopancreatic loop extension on the number and expression of L cells in patients undergoing RYGB METHODS: Subjects (n = 13) undergoing RYGB with a BPL of 100 cm (G1) or 200 cm (G2).

Association of Pedagogical Training with the Social Skills of Medical Tutors in Problem-Based Learning Curriculum.

Background: Satisfactory interaction between tutor and student is fundamental to the success of problem-based learning, and social skills (SS) are essential in this context. The factors associated with a better repertoire of teachers' SS are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to assess tutors' SS and investigate which factors might be related to a better repertoire of SS.

Association between procrastination and learning strategies in medical students in a hybrid problem-based and lecture-based learning curriculum.

Background: Procrastination is characterized by the deliberate postponement of assigned educational tasks and is correlated with low academic achievement and depression. Concern about procrastination is particularly high among medical students, as it has a strong association with aspects such as low self-efficacy, lack of organization, low intrinsic motivation, inefficient effort regulation and time management problems. On the other hand, it was found that students' use of study strategies is significantly related to better academic results.

The Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Hepatic Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats: An Experimental Study.

Liver ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) during hepatic surgeries can lead to liver cell death via oxidative stress and the activation of immune cells, the release of cytokines, and damage-associated molecular patterns. Ascorbic acid has been shown to confer potential protective effects against IR injury, mainly due to its antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the effect of ascorbic acid infusion at different time points during hepatic IR in rats.

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells gene expression involvement in porcine liver transplant experimental model.

Purpose: Gene expressions of vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Alpha (VEGFa), Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B cells (NFkB) and cytokines could be useful for identifying potential therapeutic targets to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation. Cytokine gene expressions, VEGFa and NFkB were investigated in a preclinical swine model of liver transplantation.

Methods: A total of 12 pigs were used as donors and recipients in liver transplantation without venovenous bypass or aortic clamping.

Impact of the use of active methodology on the performance of undergraduate radiology students.

Rationale And Objectives: Although PBL is widely used in several countries, especially in medicine courses, its application in teaching other higher education courses, which involve fundamentals applied to radiology, is still little explored. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in a higher education institution's radiology and biomedicine technologist course, focusing on specific radiology-related disciplines.

Materials And Methods: An interventional study was developed with 78 students.

TUMOR MARKERS EXPRESSION LEVELS IN GASTRIC CANCER PATIENT'S PERIPHERAL BLOOD BY RT-PCR ASSESSMENT.

Background: Hematological recurrence is the second most frequent cause of failure in the treatment of gastric cancer. The detection of circulating tumor markers in peripheral blood by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method may be a useful tool to predict recurrence and determine the patient's prognosis. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the association between the tumor markers level in peripheral blood and its impact on patient survival.

Epidemiology of immune thrombocytopenia: study of adult patients at a referral hematology service in Northeastern Brazil.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired bleeding disorder observed in the clinical practice. Little is known about its epidemiology in Brazil. The present study was conducted at a hematology referral center which covers a population of over 8 million in 184 municipalities in the state of Ceará.

Self-efficacy of medical students in a hybrid curriculum course (traditional and problem-based learning) and associated factors.

Self-efficacy consists of the judgment of one's abilities to perform actions required to achieve a given performance, which has been considered predictive of performance. In academics, it means personal convictions in accomplishing a task to a defined degree of quality. Numerous studies have investigated medical students' self-efficacy in traditional and PBL curricula.

Study of laser fluorescence spectroscopy in livers of rats with hypothermic ischemia.

Purpose: After partial hepatectomy (PH), the remaining liver (RL) undergoes regenerative response proportional to the host. Limited literature exists on hepatic viability after tissue injury during hypothermic preservation. Spectroscopy measures cellular fluorescence and is explored for tissue characterization and parameter investigation.

Depression among Brazilian medical students exposed to remote learning and the role of scopophobia.

Medical education was greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and remote teaching through lectures and classes through videoconferencing was heavily used. However, the need to use cameras led to scopophobia, which is the fear of being watched, which can lead to psychological symptoms. Despite the relevance and prevalence of depression and the increase in the use of cameras for learning, research evaluating the impact of scopophobia on students' mental health is surprisingly scarce.

The Protective Effect of Nutraceuticals on Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats.

Nutraceuticals are bioactive compounds present in foods, utilized to ameliorate health, prevent diseases, and support the proper functioning of the human body. They have gained attention due to their ability to hit multiple targets and act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and modulators of immune response and cell death. Therefore, nutraceuticals are being studied to prevent and treat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).

Association of scopophobia with online learning fatigue among medical students in Brazil.

Background: Scopophobia can be described in the medical field as the fear of being watched or stared at. Despite the relevance of scopophobia in remote learning scenarios, which have always existed and have been largely expanded during the pandemic in medical education, studies on this topic are exceedingly rare worldwide. Hence, to fill up this gap, a cross-sectional study of medical students was developed to assess the association of scopophobia with the prevalence of online learning fatigue.

MICRObiota on BILIOpancreatic malignant diseases [MICROBILIO]: A systematic review.

Introduction: The increase in the incidence of pancreatic and biliary cancers has attracted the search for methods of early detection of diseases and biomarkers. The authors propose to analyze new findings on the association between microbiota and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Methods: This systematic review was carried out according to the items of Preferred Reports for Systematic Reviews and Protocol Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-P).

THYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY.

Background: The enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase is engaged in DNA synthesis through folate metabolism. Inhibiting the activity of this enzyme increases the susceptibility to mutations, and damage and aberrant DNA methylation, which alters the gene expression of tumor suppressors and proto-oncogenes, potential risk factors for esophageal cancer.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 1298A>C polymorphisms and susceptibility to esophageal cancer, by assessing the distribution of genotypes and haplotypes between cases and controls, as well as to investigate the association of polymorphisms with clinical and epidemiological characteristics and survival.

Comparison of three different strategies to treat sciatic nerve regeneration: an experimental study.

Purpose: To compare the effect of vein conduit filled with adipose tissue stem cells (ASC) on peripheral nerve injury regeneration.

Methods: We analyzed 30 male Wistar rats surgically submitted to a 5-mm gap on the sciatic nerve. Then, the animals were divided into three groups: nerve autografting (AG, n=10), autogenous inverted glycerol-conserved vein (VG, n=10), and autogenous inverted glycerol-conserved vein + ASC (VASCG, n=10).

Active methodologies association with online learning fatigue among medical students.

Background: Due to the current scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing issues, distance learning was implemented in many medical schools. Educational institutions faced the challenge of continuing to promote teaching and learning while keeping teachers and students in their homes, aiming to reduce the spread of the virus. This change compromised the students' mental health, due to the degree of exhaustion or fatigue attributed to the involvement in videoconferences, called "zoom fatigue".

The influence of adipocyte-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the ischemic epigastric flap survival in diabetic rats.

Purpose: To assess the effects of adipocyte-derived stem cell (ASC)-injection on the survival of surgical flaps under ischemia in diabetic rats.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in 30 male Wistar rats using streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). After eight weeks, epigastric flap (EF) surgery was performed.

Aerobic Exercise Training Exerts Beneficial Effects Upon Oxidative Metabolism and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense in the Liver of Leptin Deficiency Mice.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of liver disease, which is associated with several etiological factors, including stress and dysfunction in oxidative metabolism. However, studies showed that aerobic exercise training (AET) can combat the oxidative stress (OS) and improves mitochondrial functionality in the NAFLD. To test the hypothesis that AET improves oxidative metabolism and antioxidant defense in the liver of mice.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Protocol on Genes Related to Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in the Pancreas of ob/ob Mice with NAFLD.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on insulin resistance and inflammatory response in obese mice (ob/ob) with NAFLD.

Materials And Methods: Male ob/ob mice were randomly divided into sedentary (n=7) and trained (n=7) groups. Aerobic training consisted of 5 weekly sessions, 60 min per session at 60% of the maximum speed of the running test.

Study of the Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on the Viability of Dorsal Cutaneous Flaps in Tobacco-Exposed Rats.

Background: Smoking causes a threefold increase in the risk of surgical complications in flaps. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) increases the viability of chronic wounds. However, there are few studies concerning the effects of HBOT on surgical flaps in patients who smoke.

New metallophamaceutic reduced renal injury induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Rut-bpy (Cis-[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]PF 6), a novel nitric oxide donor, able to modulate the histological changes caused by the NASID (meloxicam).

Methods: Wistar rats were assigned into three groups (n=6 rats/group): Sham group (saline solution), NSAID group (meloxicam - 15 mg/kg) and Rut-bpy group (100 mg/kg of Rut-bpy associated with 15mg/kg of meloxicam). At the end of experiments, kidneys were removed for histological study, fractal dimension and lacunarity in all animals.

Proposal of treatment algorithm for immune thromocytopenia in adult patients of a hematology service at a referral center in Northeastern Brazil.

Introduction: The management of adult (≥18 years) immune thrombocytopenia patients relies on platelet count, the risk of bleeding and presence of bleeding.

Objective: Confirming the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia and the start of therapy, our hematology service, a referral center, favors the establishment of this algorithm to treat those patients.

Results: Presentation, recently diagnosed or recurrence - group 1: life-threatening bleeding: high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins with methylprednisolone or dexamethasone.

Development of an application to support in-service training of anesthesiologists on preoperative evaluation in a public hospital in Brazil.

Rationale, Aims And Objectives: This study investigated the process of construction, use, and field evaluation of a mobile application for teaching in the anesthesiology area.

Method: The application was built by using the Co-Design Methodology, which consists of five phases (scoping, shared understanding, brainstorming, refinement and implementation). A one-week case study was carried out in a hospital involving 20 participants (medical students and residents).

THE M-RNA, EXPRESSION OF SERCA2 AND NCX1 IN THE PROCESS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CELL PROTECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE PANCREATITIS INDUCED BY TAUROCHOLATE.

Background: Intracellular calcium overload is known to be a precipitating factor of pancreatic cell injury in acute pancreatitis (AP). Intracellular calcium homeostasis depends of Plasmatic Membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA), Sarcoplasmic Endothelial Reticulum Calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA 2) and the Sodium Calcium Exchanger (NCX1). The antioxidant melatonin (Mel) and Trisulfate Disaccharide (TD) that accelerates NCX1 action could reduce the cell damage determined by the AP.