Are dental professionals aware of the discovery of newly identified salivary glands? Is there a debate about this discovery?

Aim: Writing a letter to the editor.

Background: Saliva plays a crucial role in chewing, swallowing, digestion, taste, and oral hygiene. In addition to the three major salivary glands in humans (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands), the existence of small salivary glands scattered in the submucosa of the nasopharynx and oropharynx is also known.

Assessment of temporomandibular joint morphology of bifid mandibular condyles: a cone beam computed tomography study.

Background: Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is an extremely rare condition characterized by dublicity of the head of the mandibular condyle. Knowledge about the morphology of BMC may help to understand the development course of condyle and differential diagnosis of fractures or tumors in condylar area. The aim of this study was to examine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hard tissue morphology of BMCs.

Evaluation of the location of posterior superior alveolar artery and infraorbital foramen originating from the same source by using cone beam computed tomography.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, location and diameters of Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) and Infraorbital foramen (IOF) to find out whether there is any relationship between PSAA and IOF, and to predict their location relative to each other in surgical procedures by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Material And Method: Bilateral maxillary sinuses were analysed retrospectively in 170 patients with no missing teeth in the maxillary posterior region. The largest locations of PSAA and IOF in the maxillary sinus were determined and their size, shape, location in relation to the teeth and distances from anatomical points were evaluated.

Rapid Tetra-Primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction Protocol for Detection of Y132F Mutation in Fluconazole Resistant .

There is an emerging fluconazole resistance in in recent years. The leading mechanism causing azole resistance in is the Y132F codon alteration in the ERG11 gene which encodes the target enzyme of azole drugs. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity, compatibility, and specificity of a novel tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method for rapid detection of the Y132F mutation in fluconazole nonsusceptible Antifungal susceptibility tests for detection of fluconazole resistance were performed by broth microdilution according to the CLSI guidelines.

Bio-reduction of redox-sensitive albumin conjugates in FcRn-expressing cells.

Disulfide-containing IgG-, Fc-, or albumin-based prodrugs that rely on FcRn-trafficking by endothelial cells for prolonged circulation in the body might be hampered by premature bio-reduction processes during FcRn-mediated recycling events. A detailed bio-reduction analysis of redox-sensitive albumin conjugates in two FcRn-expressing cell lines has been performed. The obtained results indicate that the FcRn-mediated recycling pathway is not (or is only poorly) bio-reducing.