Integrative analysis of ex vivo studies and microarray reveals the novel inhibitor effects of trehalose on the pathogenesis of pterygium.

Pterygium is a frequent eye surface condition that is characterized by a high rate of proliferation, fibrovascular development, cellular migration, corneal infiltration, and angiogenesis. We investigated that ex vivo primary pterygium and conjunctival cell cultures were generated to analyze the effect of trehalose on cellular proliferation. After trehalose treatment, we performed microarray analysis to evaluate changes in the mRNA profile.

An In Vitro Study for the Role of Schizophrenia-Related Potential miRNAs in the Regulation of COMT Gene.

This study aimed to analyze the possible association of miR-30a-5p, miR-30e-5p, and miR-34a-5p identified as potential candidate miRNAs in schizophrenia, with the COMT gene. Candidate miRNAs were obtained from the TargetScan database. The SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line was used as a cellular model for schizophrenia.

Exosome inhibition improves response to first-line therapy in small cell lung cancer.

Exosomes are recognized as important mediators of cell-to-cell communication, facilitating carcinogenesis. Although there have been significant advancements in exosome research in recent decades, no drugs that target the inhibition of sEV secretion have been approved for human use. For this study, we employed GW4869 and Nexinhib20 as inhibitors of exosome synthesis and trafficking combined.

The effects of MYC on exosomes derived from cancer cells in the context of breast cancer.

MYC amplification and overexpression in breast cancer occur 16% and 22%, respectively, and MYC has a linchpin role in breast carcinogenesis. Emerging evidence has started to shed light on central role of MYC in breast cancer progression. On the contrary, tumor-derived exosomes and their cargo molecules are required for the modulation of the tumor environment and to promote carcinogenesis.

Myc manipulates the miRNA content and biologic functions of small cell lung cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles.

Background: MYC genes are amplified/overexpressed in 20% of SCLCs, showing that Myc and Myc-dependent cellular mechanisms are strong candidates as therapeutic targets in SCLC. Small extracellular vesicles support the carcinogenesis process by acting as messengers delivering nucleic acids and proteins-moreover, no reports associate Myc and the functional effect of small extracellular vesicles in small cell lung cancer.

Methods And Results: After the effects of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) obtained from H82 and H209 cells on HUVEC and MRC-5 cells were observed, the Myc-dependent effect of the sEVs on oncogenic potentials was further evaluated by manipulating Myc expression via lentiviral vectors in H82 and H209 cells.

Therapeutic Effect of Teneligliptin in Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity: An In-Vitro Study.

Background Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is an important side effect of many commonly used drugs. In this study, we planned to evaluate the effects of teneligliptin (TG), which is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, on cell healing by creating nephrotoxicity models in human renal proximal tubule cell and human embryonic kidney epithelial cells cell lines in-vitro with cisplatin, vancomycin, and gentamicin. Methodology First, we determined the 50% inhibitory concentration doses of nephrotoxic drugs and the nephroprotective dose of TG.

Extract Induces Autophagy via Regulating Long Non-coding RNAs in Breast Cancer Cells.

Bryonia multiflora, one of the species of Bryonia L. (Cucurbitaceae) genus, is a perennial, dioecious, herbaceous plant with rhizome-shaped roots. Bryonia species have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, etc.

lncRNAs as Potential Targets in Small Cell Lung Cancer: MYC -dependent Regulation.

Background: Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. MYC family oncogenes are amplified and overexpressed in 20% of SCLCs, showing that MYC oncogenes and MYC regulated genes are strong candidates as therapeutic targets for SCLC. c-MYC plays a fundamental role in cancer stem cell properties and malignant transformation.

The Early Histological Effects of Intravesical Instillation of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Cystitis Models.

Purpose: To evaluate the early histological effects of the intravesical instillation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in rabbit models of interstitial and hemorrhagic cystitis.

Methods: Thirty-six rabbits were classified into 6 groups: saline (S), S+PRP, hydrochloric acid (HCl), HCl+PRP, cyclophosphamide (CyP), and CyP+PRP. At 48 hours after induction, PRP was prepared and intravesically administered to the S+PRP, HCl+PRP, and CyP+PRP groups.

Factors affecting complication rates of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children: results of a multi-institutional retrospective analysis by the Turkish pediatric urology society.

Purpose: We assessed factors affecting complication rates of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated data on 1,205 renal units in 1,157 children treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy at 16 Turkish centers between 1991 and 2012. Of the patients 28.

Autologous blood-clot embolisation of cavernosal artery pseudoaneurysm causing delayed high-flow priapism.

Background: High-flow priapism is a rare condition characterized by a prolonged and painless erection. Since it may permanently impair erectile function, it must be managed and treated as soon as possible, in order to restore potency. The case we are presenting here was successfully treated by embolizing the penile artery using an autologous clot.

The role of varicocele treatment in the management of non-obstructive azoospermia.

The literature on male reproductive medicine is continually expanding, especially regarding the diagnosis and treatment of infertility due to non-obstructive azoospermia. The advent of in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection has dramatically improved the treatment of male infertility due to nonobstructive azoospermia. Assisted reproduction using testicular spermatozoa has become a treatment of hope for men previously thought to be incapable of fathering a child due to testicular failure.

Upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma: is there a best?

Background: This study aimed to determine the prognostic and risk factors for bladder and systemic recurrence after nephroureterectomy (NU) in patients with upper urinary tract (UUT) transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).

Patients And Methods: Data from 101 patients with nonmetastatic UUT TCC who underwent NU between 1987 and 2009 were retrospectively evaluated. Kaplan-Meier curves for sex, age, anemia, smoking, stone disease, or history of bladder tumor, primary tumor localization, multiplicity, and disease stage and grade were constructed to predict 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Prevalence and predictors of benign lesions in renal masses smaller than 7 cm presumed to be renal cell carcinoma.

Unlabelled: The present study was designed to determine the incidence and predictive factors of benign renal lesions in 450 patients who underwent surgical removal of solitary renal masses <7 cm in diameter. Of the 450 renal masses, 88 (19.9%) were benign lesions.

Laparoscopic pyeloplasty in adults: stented versus stentless.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and feasibility of stentless laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP), compared with the stented counterpart.

Materials And Methods: We compared the results of stented and stentless LP procedures performed at two centers. The indications included symptoms such as loin pain or urinary tract infection with documented obstruction on renal scintigraphy.

Tubeless mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in infants and preschool children: a preliminary report.

Purpose: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of tubeless mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in infants and preschool children, and compared them with age matched controls who underwent nephrostomy drainage.

Materials And Methods: A total of 28 renal units in 26 children were operated on for stone disease using the mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy technique. Holmium laser and pneumatic lithotriptor were used for stone fragmentation.

Renal artery pseudoaneurysm: complication of minimally invasive kidney surgery.

Purpose: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients with renal artery pseudoaneurysms (RAPs) to document their clinical presentation, surgical background, and outcome.

Materials And Methods: In all, 7 of the 1965 patients who underwent percutaneous stone surgery and 3 of the 25 patients who underwent laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery had a diagnosis of RAP and were treated accordingly. The most common symptom was hematuria, which was classified as early or delayed according to the time of presentation, as mild, moderate, or severe according to the hemodynamics of the patient.

Incidental diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of patients who were incidentally diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgery.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1,406 patients who underwent PCNL for the removal of renal calculi. Tumoral lesions detected during diagnostic cystourethroscopy and nephroscopy were endoscopically resected and the resected specimens were sent to the pathology laboratory for definitive diagnosis.

Sperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in men with nonobstructive azoospermia, and treated and untreated varicocele.

Purpose: We evaluated the impact of varicocelectomy on the sperm retrieval success rate using microsurgical testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in men with clinical varicocele and nonobstructive azoospermia.

Materials And Methods: The study included 96 men with complete nonobstructive azoospermia with a history of clinical unilateral or bilateral varicocele. Of the patients 66 previously underwent successful varicocelectomy and 30 had any grade of varicocele at sperm extraction.

Sildenafil attenuates renal ischemia reperfusion injury by decreasing leukocyte infiltration.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of sildenafil citrate (SC) on renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in a rat model. Forty eight male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into six groups: sham, ischemia, I/R, SC+sham, SC+ischemia and SC+I/R. In the I/R groups, the right kidney was removed and the artery and vein of the left kidney were clamped for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 1 h.

Presence of teratoma in orchiectomy specimen increases the need for postchemotherapy RPLND.

Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the presence of teratomatous component in orchiectomy specimen on complete response rates to primary chemotherapy in a large series of patients with stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT).

Materials And Methods: Chemotherapy was administered to 113 patients with stage II testicular NSGCT. Resection of retroperitoneal residual tumor masses was performed in all patients with partial response to chemotherapy.

Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus: the Hacettepe experience.

Objectives: We evaluated the clinical outcome and factors affecting survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and tumor thrombus involving inferior vena cava (IVC).

Methods: Between 1990 and 2007, 28 patients with RCC and tumor thrombus extending into IVC underwent radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy. Patient data were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the demographics, clinical presentation, surgical approach, pathological features, clinical outcomes, and survival.

Radical prostatectomy after previous prostate surgery: effects on surgical difficulty and pathologic outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate the surgical difficulty and pathologic outcomes of patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy after previous prostate surgery.

Methods: A total of 45 patients with previous prostate surgery underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate cancer. The surgical difficulty and pathologic outcomes for this group of patients (group 1) were compared with those for 50 consecutive patients who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy as their only prostatic surgery (group 2).

Impact of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background And Purpose: We investigated the impact of percutaneous renal procedures on estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Patients And Methods: The GFRs of adult patients were calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula, and the patients were staged according to the Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative CKD classification system. The study included 185 patients with preoperative GFR values less than 60 mL/min/1.