Rationally designed laterally-condensed-catalysts deliver robust activity and selectivity for ethylene production in acetylene hydrogenation.

Future carbon management strategies require storage in elemental form, achievable through a sequence of CO hydrogenation reactions. Hydrogen is recycled from molecular intermediates by dehydrogenation, and side product acetylene selectively hydrogenated to ethylene. Existing Pd alloy catalysts for gas purification underperform in concentrated feeds, necessitating novel concepts.

Improving the Procedure of Delivering Serious News: Impact of a Six-Month Curriculum for Second Year Pediatric Residents.

We implemented and studied a novel curriculum that combined role play, didactic education, and the use of a procedure card for asynchronous learning to improve second-year pediatric residents' skills in delivering serious news. Phase 1 established baseline performance with a self-efficacy survey and observed simulation delivering serious news. Phase 2 included directed education of participants with a validated communication skills training framework.

Data-Centric Heterogeneous Catalysis: Identifying Rules and Materials Genes of Alkane Selective Oxidation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) can accelerate catalyst design by identifying key physicochemical descriptive parameters correlated with the underlying processes triggering, favoring, or hindering the performance. In analogy to genes in biology, these parameters might be called "materials genes" of heterogeneous catalysis. However, widely used AI methods require big data, and only the smallest part of the available data meets the quality requirement for data-efficient AI.

Green synthesis of propylene oxide directly from propane.

The chemical industry faces the challenge of bringing emissions of climate-damaging CO to zero. However, the synthesis of important intermediates, such as olefins or epoxides, is still associated with the release of large amounts of greenhouse gases. This is due to both a high energy input for many process steps and insufficient selectivity of the underlying catalyzed reactions.

Fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma with diffuse bony metastases and remarkable chemosensitivity.

In this report, we describe the case of an adolescent male with an unusual case of fusion-negative, paratesticular alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma who presented with spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome and diffuse bony metastases throughout the axial and appendicular skeleton with additional significant bone marrow involvement. Both spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome and diffuse bony metastases are extremely unusual for rhabdomyosarcoma. On the backbone of standard vincristine, dactinomycin and cyclophosphamide (VAC) chemotherapy, the only local control was orchiectomy at 15 weeks, with no radiation administered due to the initially diffuse nature of the disease and rapid response to chemotherapy.

Commercial implementation of genomic selection in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon: Scheme evolution and validation.

Genomic information was included for the first time in the prediction of breeding values for Atlantic salmon within the Australian Salmon Enterprises of Tasmania Pty Ltd selective breeding program in 2016. The process to realize genomic selection in the breeding program begun in 2014 with the scheme finalized and fully implemented for the first time in 2018. The high potential of within family selection to accelerate genetic gain, something not possible using the traditional pedigree-based approach, provided the impetus for implementation.

The Influence of the Chemical Potential on Defects and Function of Perovskites in Catalysis.

A Sm-deficient SmMnO perovskite was prepared on a gram scale to investigate the influence of the chemical potential of the gas phase on the defect concentration, the oxidation states of the metals and the nature of the oxygen species at the surface. The oxide was treated at 450°C in nitrogen, synthetic air, oxygen, water vapor or CO and investigated for its properties as a catalyst in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane both before and after treatment. After treatment in water vapor, but especially after treatment with CO, increased selectivity to propene was observed, but only when water vapor was added to the reaction gas.

Recipe for Disaster: Homemade Formula Leading to Severe Complications in 2 Infants.

Families and physicians alike benefit from the advances and ease of the Internet. Similarly, both can be unaware of harmful misinformation circulating the Web. In this article, we describe the presentation of 2 unrelated infants, within 1 week of each other, with vitamin D deficiency rickets and severe extraskeletal manifestations of hypocalcemia, including seizures and cardiac arrest, from homemade, vegan formula found through Pinterest (San Francisco, CA).

Materials genes of heterogeneous catalysis from clean experiments and artificial intelligence.

Abstract: The performance in heterogeneous catalysis is an example of a complex materials function, governed by an intricate interplay of several processes (e.g., the different surface chemical reactions, and the dynamic restructuring of the catalyst material at reaction conditions).

Site specific and localized structural displacements in open structured multimetallic oxides.

The structures of solids can locally differ from the macroscopic picture obtained by structural averaging techniques. This difference significantly influences the performance of any functional material. Measurements of these local structures are challenging.

Catalytic activity, water formation, and sintering: Methane activation over Co- and Fe-doped MgO nanocrystals.

Microstructure, structure, and compositional homogeneity of metal oxide nanoparticles can change dramatically during catalysis. Considering the different stabilities of cobalt and iron ions in the MgO host lattice [M. Niedermaier et al.

Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in cultured Australian Pacific oysters.

The recent development of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) SNP genotyping arrays has allowed detailed characterisation of genetic diversity and population structure within and between oyster populations. It also raises the potential of harnessing genomic selection for genetic improvement in oyster breeding programmes. The aim of this study was to characterise a breeding population of Australian oysters through genotyping and analysis of 18 027 SNPs, followed by comparison with genotypes of oyster sampled from Europe and Asia.

[Project Report: Evaluation of the Practical Year (PY) at the Charité Medical School, University Medicine Berlin].

Background: In Germany, the final year of medical school consists of a series of clinical externships termed "Practical Year" (PY). Logbooks have been introduced to document the clinical experience and the value of the teaching program (First Ordinance amending the Licensing Regulations for Physicians, July 14, 2012). However, little is known about how PY education is experienced by students, what problems they face, what support they seek to manage their problems, and how the logbooks contribute to training.

Polygenic and sex specific architecture for two maturation traits in farmed Atlantic salmon.

Background: A key developmental transformation in the life of all vertebrates is the transition to sexual maturity, whereby individuals are capable of reproducing for the first time. In the farming of Atlantic salmon, early maturation prior to harvest size has serious negative production impacts.

Results: We report genome wide association studies (GWAS) using fish measured for sexual maturation in freshwater or the marine environment.

Evolution of Sex Determination Loci in Atlantic Salmon.

Teleost fish exhibit a remarkable diversity in the control of sex determination, offering the opportunity to identify novel differentiation mechanisms and their ecological consequences. Here, we perform GWAS using 4715 fish and 46,501 SNP to map sex determination to three separate genomic locations in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). To characterize each, whole genome sequencing was performed to 30-fold depth of coverage using 20 fish representing each of three identified sex lineages.

Diversity and linkage disequilibrium in farmed Tasmanian Atlantic salmon.

Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a globally important production species, including in Australia where breeding and selection has been in progress since the 1960s. The recent development of SNP genotyping platforms means genome-wide association and genomic prediction can now be implemented to speed genetic gain. As a precursor, this study collected genotypes at 218 132 SNPs in 777 fish from a Tasmanian breeding population to assess levels of genetic diversity, the strength of linkage disequilibrium (LD) and imputation accuracy.

Atmospheric pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy apparatus: Bridging the pressure gap.

One of the main goals in catalysis is the characterization of solid/gas interfaces in a reaction environment. The electronic structure and chemical composition of surfaces become heavily influenced by the surrounding environment. However, the lack of surface sensitive techniques that are able to monitor these modifications under high pressure conditions hinders the understanding of such processes.

Populations of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas respond variably to elevated CO2 and predation by Morula marginalba.

Ocean acidification is anticipated to decrease calcification and increase dissolution of shelled molluscs. Molluscs with thinner and weaker shells may be more susceptible to predation, but not all studies have measured negative responses of molluscs to elevated pCO2. Recent studies measuring the response of molluscs have found greater variability at the population level than first expected.

How strain affects the reactivity of surface metal oxide catalysts.

Highly dispersed molybdenum oxide supported on mesoporous silica SBA-15 has been prepared by anion exchange resulting in a series of catalysts with changing Mo densities (0.2-2.5 Mo atoms nm(-2) ).

Evidence for multiple sex-determining loci in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

Phenotypic sex in salmonids is determined primarily by a genetic male heterogametic system; yet, sex reversal can be accomplished via hormonal treatment. In Tasmanian Atlantic salmon aquaculture, to overcome problems associated with early sexual maturation in males, sex-reversed females are crossed with normal females to produce all female stock. However, phenotypic distinction of sex-reversed females (neo-males) from true males is problematic.

Aiding the self-assembly of supramolecular polyoxometalates under hydrothermal conditions to give precursors of complex functional oxides.

In situ Raman spectroscopy allows insight into molecular processes under hydrothermal conditions during synthesis of complex nanostructured MoVTeNb oxides (see picture: Nb yellow, Mo blue, V/Mo pale blue, Te red). Based on the knowledge acquired, the synthesis can be more efficiently directed towards the desired product with improved functionality.

Analysis and assessment of heavy metal pollution in suspended solids and sediments of the river Danube.

The Joint Danube Survey (JDS)--a comprehensive monitoring survey to assess the environmental pollution status of the river Danube--was carried out in 2001. Samples were taken at 74 positions along the river from Neu-Ulm (River-km 2589) down to the Danube Delta at the Black Sea (River-km 0) and in 24 main tributaries and anabranches. Besides other biological and chemical parameters, concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, and Zn were determined in sediments and suspended solids.

Measurement and classification of retinal vascular tortuosity.

Automatic measurement of blood vessel tortuosity is a useful capability for automatic ophthalmological diagnostic tools. We describe a suite of automated tortuosity measures for blood vessel segments extracted from RGB retinal images. The tortuosity measures were evaluated in two classification tasks: (1) classifying the tortuosity of blood vessel segments and (2) classifying the tortuosity of blood vessel networks.

Distribution, density and heterogeneity of canine mast cells and influence of fixation techniques.

The present study was carried out to determine the physiological distribution of mast cell numbers and types in the dog according to tissue location, staining and fixation methods. Tissue samples from stomach, duodenum, lung, lymph node, skin and uterus were evaluated. Samples were fixed in formalin as well as in Carnoy's fluid.